Economy
Vahid Mehrbani
Abstract
The book titled The Marketisation of Higher Education and the Student as Consumer has acceptable diverse matters, but lacks a clear analytical method and inner coherence in content. An overview of book showed that three broad concepts as what, why and nature of higher education cover the main subjects ...
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The book titled The Marketisation of Higher Education and the Student as Consumer has acceptable diverse matters, but lacks a clear analytical method and inner coherence in content. An overview of book showed that three broad concepts as what, why and nature of higher education cover the main subjects of the book. Analysis of what is marketization reveals that in a marketized higher education system, the admission of students, the price charged, the regulations of admittance and so on are determined by demand and supply. Additionally, examining why is marketization suggests that economic pressures, the difficulty of governmental finance, an increase in social demands, globalization, and so forth are the most important factors of driving universities toward marketization. In addition, benefits such as improvement of efficiency and expansion of competition are the prime reasons justifying marketization. Finally, higher education is not a public good which government to be its organizer. Therefore, higher education has the intrinsic capability of performance in the market framework.
Linguistics and Ancient Languages
Reza Amini
Abstract
Born in the second Hijri century, Jahiz is one of the most brilliant thinkers of his time who has had deep ideas about translation and meaning. It can be argued that these ideas are at the same level of importance of those of modern ideas. In this article, these ideas of Jahiz are investigated, based ...
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Born in the second Hijri century, Jahiz is one of the most brilliant thinkers of his time who has had deep ideas about translation and meaning. It can be argued that these ideas are at the same level of importance of those of modern ideas. In this article, these ideas of Jahiz are investigated, based on what he has said in his book Al-Hayavan. Therefore, after "introduction", first Jahiz and particularly his book Al-Hayavan is introduced; then his ideas about translation and meaning are analyzed. In that book, he has explained the difficulties of translation, the capabilities translators need for translation, and the severely difficult task of translating religious texts. He also believes it is imperative for translator to have the same command of the languages from which and to which he translates. For Jahiz, the knowledge a translator needs to have about the subject matter of the text in his hand must be at the same level of the knowledge the writer of the text has about it. These ideas are at the same level of clarity and exactness to the ideas provided by modern thinkers and theorists. Moreover, whatever Jahiz has said about translation, clearly indicates he has had a clear and exact understanding of meaning and the known and hidden layers of the meaning of a text.
Arabic Language and Literature
Alireza shaikhi
Abstract
Today, the study of narrative works’ form and structure has become one of the main concerns of contemporary narrators and storytellers. Accordingly, a significant number of books and papers have been literary created. Abdul Rahim al-Kurdi is one of the leading Egyptian contemporary writers who ...
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Today, the study of narrative works’ form and structure has become one of the main concerns of contemporary narrators and storytellers. Accordingly, a significant number of books and papers have been literary created. Abdul Rahim al-Kurdi is one of the leading Egyptian contemporary writers who has made great efforts to explain theories of story analysis from the perspective of Russian formalists, French structuralists, and modern Western stylists in his book entitled “Contemporary Narration”. In this book, he has unique insight and mastery interpreted the views of contemporary Western critics. He has placed them as the infrastructure for the scientific analysis of the novel of “Alrjl Althi Fkd Thlh Nmouthja “. The present study attempts to analyze the “Alsrd fi Alrwaiah Alma’asrah” book in a descriptive-analytic way. Results revealed that although some of the presented issues in the book reflect prolixity, the author has tried to provide a formalistic analysis of narrative discourse.
political science
Hamid Sajadi
Abstract
Globalization is accompanied by the expansion of mass communication across the globe. Regarding the magnitude and type of the significant impacts left by globalization and cosmopolitan connections on cultural developments, various theories have been formed, among which the most important we can refer ...
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Globalization is accompanied by the expansion of mass communication across the globe. Regarding the magnitude and type of the significant impacts left by globalization and cosmopolitan connections on cultural developments, various theories have been formed, among which the most important we can refer to the theory of cultural convergence and the theory of cultural polarization. The main issue is the relationship between cultural diversity and globalization, which Norris and Inglehart have tested in their book, Cosmopolitan Communications: Cultural Diversity in a Globalized World, through an extensive survey based on variables such as the use of the news media, cultural values, liberal views, and secularism. According to the results of this study, globalization has had a convergent aspect only in the areas close to the center of the mass communications world, while the fact is that due to the so-called firewalls, a major part of the world is not highly exposed to global mass communications. The result is that, despite the prevalence of the globalization process, the main core of national cultures still remains in the world. The present paper tries to review and examine the relationship between globalization and cultural diversity introduced in the collaborative research of Norris and Inglehart, which is translated into Persian by Abdollah Fazeli and Sajedeh Allameh and published in a book entitled “Globalization and Cultural Diversity” by Kavir Publishing. In addition to the review and analysis of the content of this work, its form and translation are also considered in this paper.
Educational Science
Vida Rahiminezhad
Abstract
Educational administration is generally meant planning, organizing, guiding, coordinating, supervising, and evaluating the educational process, but specifically it means guidance, assistance, and creating the right environment for the educational activity. In other words, educational administration is ...
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Educational administration is generally meant planning, organizing, guiding, coordinating, supervising, and evaluating the educational process, but specifically it means guidance, assistance, and creating the right environment for the educational activity. In other words, educational administration is the process of harmonizing human talents and taking advantage of environmental conditions for educational purposes. The aim of this article is to criticize the book entitled English in Educational Administration. This book could help students to become familiar with the specialized vocabulary of Educational Administration in order to study research done in this area. It is found out that this book is not only an academic text, but it includes the characteristics of teaching and learning, as well. Findings show that along with several positive points in this book, a few shortcomings also point out, and some suggestions are provided to improve the textbook, such as to use up-to-date materials that contain less complex and long sentences and also to provide a section called “Further Reading” at the end of each lesson or at the end of the book to help students who need more information about the discussed points.
Jurisprudence and Law
Mehdi Hatami
Abstract
The present article, the analytical research conducted in an analytical-descriptive manner, seeks to answer the question of Conformity of The Proliferation Security Initiative (PSI) with the Treaty law and customary international law. As one of the most important restrictive arrangements for the rights ...
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The present article, the analytical research conducted in an analytical-descriptive manner, seeks to answer the question of Conformity of The Proliferation Security Initiative (PSI) with the Treaty law and customary international law. As one of the most important restrictive arrangements for the rights of developing countries in the field of advanced technologies, critics of the PSI believe that the intention of the members of the PSI to seize ships in the high sea and territorial waters violates the principle of freedom of the high seas and the right of innocent passage in territorial waters. In addition, the practices conducted in the framework of this initiative violate the right to self-defense and Security Council resolutions such as 1718 and 1540. On the other hand, the nature and manner of joining the initial operations and statistics about the success of its operations are vague and distorted. The finding of this article is that regardless of the justifications and support formed by this initiative, such an arrangement cannot be considered in conformity with treaty law and customary international law as well as the Security Council resolutions. The Proliferation Security Initiative is an illegal arrangement worthy of persistent objection, non-recognition and tries to prevent it from becoming the customary rule of international law.
Arabic Language and Literature
Hassan Sarbaz; Azad Mounesi
Abstract
The book Ma’āni al-Abniah fi al-Arabiah (‘Meanings of Structures in Arabic’) is a valuable work by Fādil Sālih Sāmarrā’i, where he explains the meanings of structures and different conjugates proceeding with his innovative project involving a semantic approach to morphology ...
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The book Ma’āni al-Abniah fi al-Arabiah (‘Meanings of Structures in Arabic’) is a valuable work by Fādil Sālih Sāmarrā’i, where he explains the meanings of structures and different conjugates proceeding with his innovative project involving a semantic approach to morphology and syntax. He argues that any change in a structure or conjugate leads to a change in its meaning, and consideration of the diversity of these meanings increases the importance of Arabic and the rhetoric contained in the Holy Quran. In this book, Sāmarrā’i has adopted a semantic approach to investigate the issues concerning nouns and verbs, infinitives, adverbs of time and place, present participles, past participles, constant adjectives, instruments, different types of plural, and relative nouns. With a descriptive content-analytical method, this research attempts first to address the role of Fādil Sālih Sāmarrā’i in the innovation of morphology and his emphasis on the relationship between morphological structures and their meanings and then to scientifically analyze his success in that regard and the most significant advantages and imperfections of Ma’āni al-Abniah fi al-Arabiah with a critical review of the book.
political science
Fateme Daneshvar Muhammadzadegan; Reza Abedi Gonabad
Abstract
The Sociology of National Charisma is a book by Majid Fouladian that analyzes the collapse of social structures and the rise of national charisma. The author uses a historical structural method to study the structural changes on the eve of the two constitutional revolutions and the Islamic Revolution ...
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The Sociology of National Charisma is a book by Majid Fouladian that analyzes the collapse of social structures and the rise of national charisma. The author uses a historical structural method to study the structural changes on the eve of the two constitutional revolutions and the Islamic Revolution and concludes that in the Qajar period, the construction of social networks prevented the formation of comprehensive solidarity. Considering such construction, it seemed unlikely the emergence of national charisma, but at the end of the Pahlavi regime, due to the collapse of the traditional structure and the emergence of social crises in a society that had reached a level of national cohesion, and with the emergence of ideology based on society culture, it became possible to form a national society and national charisma. In this article, we intended to review the book The Sociology of National Charisma in the framework of integrated analysis (structure-agent). The results show that Fooladian does not explain the relationship and role of followers in the emergence of charisma. In fact, the author merely explains the structures and their effect on the emergence of charisma, and ignores the agency of charisma followers in the emergence of charisma.
Arabic Language and Literature
Sajed Zare
Abstract
Teaching Arabic has recently attracted a lot of attention inside and outside of the country leading to the publication of a pile of Arabic teaching textbooks including Arabic Language Teaching Methods: A Critical Approach (Compiled by a group of authors), which attempts to review and analyze the most ...
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Teaching Arabic has recently attracted a lot of attention inside and outside of the country leading to the publication of a pile of Arabic teaching textbooks including Arabic Language Teaching Methods: A Critical Approach (Compiled by a group of authors), which attempts to review and analyze the most recent Arabic teaching approaches. The present study enjoyed an analytical-critical approach to examine the formal, structural, and content-related aspects of the textbook. The results of the study indicated that the textbook, with all its merits, suffered from some shortcomings in mechanics of writing, editing and even content-related items. The major weakness of the textbook was having no integrated approach in developing the chapters of the book. It may have happened because a group of authors has developed the textbook. Such an inconsistency can easily be observed in the lack of formal and content integrity in some parts of the textbook. Instances of such an imbalance can be located in taking an unclear approach to clarify some topics, repetition of some texts with similar wordings, and lack of cohesion in some texts when analyzing the topics.
Jurisprudence and Law
Hussein Javan Arasteh
Abstract
The “Requirements of Constitutional Law” written by Seyyed Abolfazl Ghazi Shariat Panahi, is a summary of the book “Constitutional Law and Political Institutions”, which presents the most important issues related to the generalities of constitutional law in accordance with the ...
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The “Requirements of Constitutional Law” written by Seyyed Abolfazl Ghazi Shariat Panahi, is a summary of the book “Constitutional Law and Political Institutions”, which presents the most important issues related to the generalities of constitutional law in accordance with the bachelor’s degree in law and political science. The author’s scientific rank, on the one hand, and the high status of the book and its public acceptance among lawyers and the academic community, on the other hand, make this book worthy of criticism. This article has been written with the aim of identifying the strengths and weaknesses of the book as “educational text of constitutional law” and the method of critique is citation-analysis in the framework of methodical critique, formal critique, content critique. The results show that the analyzed book is commendable in terms of scientific level, accuracy, conciseness, educational approach, fluent writing, volumetric proportion of speeches, deserves praise, but it requires more attention in explaining some topics such as the subject of constitutional law, sources of constitutional law, individual rights and public freedoms, concentration and also too much focus on the constitutional law of Western countries. Furthermore, the book seems weaker in terms of structure and the titles’ arrangement than " Constitutional Law and political institutions."
Persian Language and Literature
Seyed Mohsen Hosseini Vardanjani
Abstract
One of the most recent works published in the field of Khaqani Studies is the second and third volumes of Khaqani’s Commentary, written by Mohammad Reza Barzegar Khaleqi. The author in these two volumes, as in the first volume, has described the quotations. The subject of this article is to review ...
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One of the most recent works published in the field of Khaqani Studies is the second and third volumes of Khaqani’s Commentary, written by Mohammad Reza Barzegar Khaleqi. The author in these two volumes, as in the first volume, has described the quotations. The subject of this article is to review and criticize the second volume of this work. This research has attempted to resolve some of the shortcomings and drawbacks of this work through an analytical / descriptive approach; therefore, the drawbacks and shortcomings of this work have been examined in two major sections: content problems and typographical/editing problems. The first section, dealing with content drawbacks, has other sub-categories, which include: (a) misunderstanding the meaning of the verses; (b) incorrect recordings;(c) incorrect reading of verses; and d) inadequate and incomplete explanations. Each section has attempted to substantiate the comments provided by reference to ancient and original sources. However, the purpose of this essay is not to undermine the validity of this work; instead, it seeks to take a positive step in upholding this work with due diligence and ethics so that we can see more relevant text in the future.
Methodology
Hamidreza Khademi; Mohammadali Ramezani
Abstract
Many texts have been published, in recent years, about the Islamization of science, and different scholars tried and still trying to demonstrate what Islamic science is and how it can be realized. Abdol Hossein Khosrow Panah is one of the prominent authors of this realm, who tries to reach Islamic science ...
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Many texts have been published, in recent years, about the Islamization of science, and different scholars tried and still trying to demonstrate what Islamic science is and how it can be realized. Abdol Hossein Khosrow Panah is one of the prominent authors of this realm, who tries to reach Islamic science through a special methodology that explained in his last book - Methodology of Social Sciences. In the present paper, we introduce and evaluate the book concerning its form and content. Regarding its form, we have reviewed the editorial and punctuation issues, and in regard to its content, the steps to formulate the special methodology has been depicted and criticized. Finally, we have made some efforts to prepare a broader critique for this book and other authors of this realm from a pragmatic point of view.
Arabic Language and Literature
Askar Babazadeh Aghdam; Hossein Taktabar Firoozjayi; Mohammad Mahdi Roshan chasli
Abstract
Thought reviews and critiques of thought go back to ancient Greece and Aristotle's Poetry. Criticism aims to refine the public taste and educate the author's thought; in the meantime, critique of the books can also improve the quality of content and beauty. This study investigates the book Analysis of ...
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Thought reviews and critiques of thought go back to ancient Greece and Aristotle's Poetry. Criticism aims to refine the public taste and educate the author's thought; in the meantime, critique of the books can also improve the quality of content and beauty. This study investigates the book Analysis of the Immaculate Conception of the Qur'an in the Teachings of the Qur'an and Sunnah based on the analytical-descriptive method. The weaknesses include lack of compelling title, typographical errors in the form of inaccuracies in the citation, ambiguity, repetition, generalization, lack of reference to the necessity of research, and lack of footing. The reason for this is that some content is basic and there is no innovation in the content category. At the same time, it has the following strengths: beautiful calligraphy with good handwriting, annotations, and many footnotes that sometimes show up in vague descriptions of words and expressions, and beautiful layouts. Besides, the design on the cover could be much more beautiful than it is, for example, a picture of the miracle of the creation of the heavens or a picture of the staff of Moses, which turns into a dragon. Regarding the content, it also has strong points such as: coherence and logical order of the contents and its sequence and specialized view on the subject of miracles.
Sociology
Hatam Hosseini
Abstract
Population aging will be the inevitable demographic destiny of contemporary societies. Paying less attention to this phenomenon can make its consequences far more complex and difficult. One of the main ways to gain understanding and management of this phenomenon is by writing and translating scientific ...
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Population aging will be the inevitable demographic destiny of contemporary societies. Paying less attention to this phenomenon can make its consequences far more complex and difficult. One of the main ways to gain understanding and management of this phenomenon is by writing and translating scientific texts in this field. This paper aims to review and evaluate the book entitled “Population Aging and the Generational Economy: A Global Perspective”. This work is one of the few books in the field of population aging that has been published in Persian. It is reviewed from formal, structural, and content perspectives. The review revealed that despite formal, structural, and content shortcomings, the book is of suitable and desirable quality. Considering the changes in the age structure of the population of Iran, the Persian translation of this book cannot only be a good source for demography students, but also it can be used by demographers, economists, and population policymakers. It is suggested that in later editions, in addition to revising the text in terms of typographical and grammatical errors, the rationale for the selection of only nine chapters of the original text for the translation is explained by the translators in a brief introductory part.
History
Abdollah Sajedi; Shoresh Ak; Nezamali Dehnavi
Abstract
Historical sociology can be achieved as a method based on data and sequence of historical events, and historical sociology of domination as a social phenomenon can be designed and followed in different historical periods. This article has been presented with the aim of reviewing the book Historical Sociology ...
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Historical sociology can be achieved as a method based on data and sequence of historical events, and historical sociology of domination as a social phenomenon can be designed and followed in different historical periods. This article has been presented with the aim of reviewing the book Historical Sociology of Iranian Dominance. Due to its features, this work, as innovative work in this field, deserves to be read. The present article has a critical review of this book in the form of the following axes: ambiguity in the title of the book, lack of correct and initial explanation of the issue of dominance, ambiguity in methodology, lack of coordination in method and text, ambiguity in the concept of historical sociology. After reflecting on the technical and editorial aspects of the work, the article concludes with the conclusion that the issue of “dominance” has been raised by the author as a historical issue and the author tries to use its sociological theories and methods. But this study shows that historical sociology is a sociological approach using historical information and data in different periods, or in other words, examines the trend of domination in different periods, not what is considered in this work as a historical approach with a sociological method.
Arabic Language and Literature
Hosein Kiani; Shahla Jafari
Abstract
Abstract and introduction are the most important parts of the articles among structural components. So, this study aims to consider abstracts and introductions from 71 articles in "Arabic Literature" journal from 1388-1389 by planned questionnaire on the base of structural evaluation of lectures. The ...
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Abstract and introduction are the most important parts of the articles among structural components. So, this study aims to consider abstracts and introductions from 71 articles in "Arabic Literature" journal from 1388-1389 by planned questionnaire on the base of structural evaluation of lectures. The procedure is the analysis of the synthetic content. Research findings show that in aim, statement of the problem, and keywords correspond with structural standards of scientific-studious articles, and from 1388 to 1398, they have structural weakness in history, procedure and question. Although, lectures from 1392 and after that have increased in these three indexes remarkably, but in frequency and the other components, they have not increased considerably. Since there are defects until 1398 in these indexes because of structural dispersion and lack of a specific pattern. Therefore, it's not possible to mention in which year articles have considered these components. This research after evaluating these two components has offered a conceptual pattern of abstract structure and introduction of scientific-studious lectures in Arabic language and literature.
Economy
Seyed Hossein Mirjalili
Abstract
Understanding the logic behind the success and failure in economic growth, and institutional and global arrangements is the subject of this book. Identifying growth’s binding constraints and the need for finding solutions for development issues according to the circumstances of countries is an ...
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Understanding the logic behind the success and failure in economic growth, and institutional and global arrangements is the subject of this book. Identifying growth’s binding constraints and the need for finding solutions for development issues according to the circumstances of countries is an alternative approach to this book on development. This paper aims at evaluating “One Economics, Many Recipe” in presenting an initiative for economic growth and development. Analytical-descriptive method is used in reviewing the book and conducting methodological assessment. The results indicated the advantages and challenges of the arguments put forwarded by the book. Among the advantages is the consideration of each country's circumstances in growth policy, the lack of one size fits all for economic policies for development, challenging the universalism of neoclassical teachings, the distinction between ignition of growth and its sustainability, and questioning of the exaggerating in the benefits of trade liberalization. Among the challenges are using the prescription on the title of the translated book, problems in implementing the growth diagnostic method, utilizing qualitative methods instead of quantitative in growth diagnosis in practice, neglecting policies and measures for the second stage in growth sustainability, and methodological assessment of growth diagnosis.
political science
Mohammad Shojaeian
Abstract
Liberals claim that they do not impose any restrictions on the critique of ideas and institutions because any restriction means restricting freedom of expression as one of the most important aspects of freedom. Accordingly, in liberal discourse, insults to divine prophets are defended as an example of ...
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Liberals claim that they do not impose any restrictions on the critique of ideas and institutions because any restriction means restricting freedom of expression as one of the most important aspects of freedom. Accordingly, in liberal discourse, insults to divine prophets are defended as an example of freedom of expression. The central theme of the book “Is Criticism Secular?” is related to the above discussion. This book contains articles written by Talal al-Assad and Saba Mahmoud and criticizes the liberal view of criticism and its relation to freedom of expression. This article examines and criticizes these views. Both Assad and Saba Mahmoud tried to reject the “dual rational argument” that puts Christianity, secularism, rationality, tolerance, and freedom on one side, and Islam, fundamentalism, obedience, bigotry, and limitation on the other side. Assad emphasizes the violation cases that exist in the functioning and existing laws of modern societies. However, he should have taken a critical analytical approach to the perfectionism inherent in the views of Western thinkers, especially in liberal discourse, as a violation of the moral neutrality they claim. Saba Mahmoud rejects the claim of separation of religion from politics by emphasizing modern discourse and underlines the bias of the Western critical tradition. His discussion complements the issues that Talal al-Assad seeks.
Arabic Language and Literature
Sabereh Siavashi; Maryam Alipoor
Abstract
Studying academic and academic books often aims at transforming the quality of education in order to reveal the angles that are hidden from the author’s point of view. One of the books published in the field of comparative literature developed for undergraduate Arabic language and literature students ...
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Studying academic and academic books often aims at transforming the quality of education in order to reveal the angles that are hidden from the author’s point of view. One of the books published in the field of comparative literature developed for undergraduate Arabic language and literature students is the book Aladb al-Moghrannfi Iran and Al-Alam al-Arabi (1903-2012) by Heydar Khezri, published by Sindi Publications. This book is important because it introduces new schools of comparative literature and examines them. Hence, this study examines the book in two parts of the form and content and examines the privileges and drawbacks in each section. Among the results are: Although the author has written his first work in this field, the book has a good coherence, so that the reader is well versed in the study of the book with comparative literature, especially in the field of two Persian and Arabic Literature. In addition, the noteworthy mention of the book is that this work has taken a new step in identifying new schools and theories in the field of comparative literature than other works written in this field, while avoiding repeated repetition, innovation has struck.
political science
Ahmad Dorosti
Abstract
The global financial markets crisis of 2007 and its economic consequences provoked widespread protests and riots in many countries, which in North Africa led to a change of political system. The study and analysis of these events became the basis for the compilation of the book From Crisis to Collapse ...
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The global financial markets crisis of 2007 and its economic consequences provoked widespread protests and riots in many countries, which in North Africa led to a change of political system. The study and analysis of these events became the basis for the compilation of the book From Crisis to Collapse by Dr. Bashirieh. The present article, which was prepared with the intention of reviewing this book, is organized in three sections: introducing the work, place of the work in the Iranian publishing space and among the other works of the author, and evaluation of form and content of the work. In this book, we are faced with weighty and revised prose and a coherent and uniform text. The theoretical framework of the work is the same theory that the author has formulated for the analysis of revolutions and the process of transition to democracy in his previous works. The organization of the chapters is not done in a clear and distinct way. The title of the work does not reflect the main content of the work completely. Despite the emphasis on the title of the work, the dimensions of sustainability and vulnerability of political systems are less studied inside the text.
Jurisprudence and Law
aliabbas hayati
Abstract
The Civil Liability Act, the articles of which are mainly adapted from the Swiss Obligations Act, was founded in 1339. After the victory of the Islamic Revolution, due to the change of approach and attitudes about the rules regarding coercive guarantees, the enforcement of some of the articles in the ...
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The Civil Liability Act, the articles of which are mainly adapted from the Swiss Obligations Act, was founded in 1339. After the victory of the Islamic Revolution, due to the change of approach and attitudes about the rules regarding coercive guarantees, the enforcement of some of the articles in the Civil Liability became doubtful. This skepticism necessitated a review of the current status of the law to determine first, which articles of the law were obsolete; Second, what the weaknesses or shortcomings of the materials are that still need to be enforced; and third, what the attitude of the courts to the rules and regulations of this law is. The research method is library-based, and the results of this research can be summarized as followed: what has been said about compensation for arched damages and compensation for the costs of the burial of the deceased in Article 6 is obsolete. Granting joint and several liabilities in Article 12 for workers who have incurred collective damages has no rational justification, and the jurisprudence in enforcing the provisions on compensation for moral damages, as well as the implementation of these provisions in Articles 4 and 5 show delay.
Educational Science
Mohammad Ali Rostaminezhad
Abstract
Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) are one of the newest phenomena in the area of integrating technology in education. The book “MOOCs Design, Use and Business Models”, which has been translated into Persian, is a university resource for scholars interested in research in this field. This ...
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Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) are one of the newest phenomena in the area of integrating technology in education. The book “MOOCs Design, Use and Business Models”, which has been translated into Persian, is a university resource for scholars interested in research in this field. This 156-page book is about introducing MOOCs, design models, usage, and business models. In line with critical reviewing, in addition to using the framework introduced in the “Human Sciences Book Review Questionnaire”, evaluation criteria for academic books have also been used. In the first step, using a descriptive-analytical method, the history of MOOCs and research in this field was evaluated to achieve a book’s comparison and evaluation scale. Then, using the evaluation research method, the book was evaluated and criticized. Using content-related criteria, methodology, lingual, structural, appearance, and front and back matter indicators, the book was evaluated at a moderate level. From the instructional perspective, the work was introduced as a supplementary source. The strength of the book is its applicability and relevance, and its weakness was the lack of consistency of content and the mismatch of content with the title and poverty of theoretical foundations. Fluent translation and the correspondence with the main content was one of the most important strengths of the translation, and the need for explanations of the translator in the footnotes and the complete presentation of the abbreviations were the weaknesses of the translation. These findings were discussed, and suggestions were presented.
Jurisprudence and Law
Seyed Abdolrahim Hosseini; Seyyed Mohammad Musavi Moqaddam; Omolbanin Soleymani Baghshah
Abstract
Leiden Encyclopedia of the Quran is the newest comprehensive research work in the West about the interpretive studies of the Quran accomplished from 2000 to 2006 by the Chief Editor, Jane Dammen McAuliffe, in the city of Leiden in the Netherland and published by Brill Publishers. The article Zakat (alms-giving) ...
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Leiden Encyclopedia of the Quran is the newest comprehensive research work in the West about the interpretive studies of the Quran accomplished from 2000 to 2006 by the Chief Editor, Jane Dammen McAuliffe, in the city of Leiden in the Netherland and published by Brill Publishers. The article Zakat (alms-giving) written by a researcher named Azim Nanji has been published in the first volume of the Leiden Encyclopedia of the Quran (pp. 64 -70). The most important issues and themes that have been criticized and reviewed in the view of the authors of the article include the essence and the constitutive elements of sadaqah (charity), the ideal donation and its aspects in the view of the Holy Quran, the relationship between piety and donation, the synonymous concepts of sadaqah, the status and the aspects of sadaqah, the semantics and the conditions for the payment of zakat, and the process of formation of the institution of sadaqah and its distribution. The above-mentioned issues, while focusing on the original and valid sources in the two perspectives of unfinished, biased perceptions and presenting a different and undocumented interpretation of the teachings of the Islamic traditions, interpretation, and the clear texts of the Quran, have been critically reviewed with a look on their different aspects
Persian Language and Literature
Fateme Jafarikamangar
Abstract
Syllabus of the subject as a guideline and determinant policy of each course plays an important role in achieving its goals and competencies. The “Creative writing” course is one of the general courses of Farhangian University at the aim of improving learners’ ability to write fluently ...
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Syllabus of the subject as a guideline and determinant policy of each course plays an important role in achieving its goals and competencies. The “Creative writing” course is one of the general courses of Farhangian University at the aim of improving learners’ ability to write fluently and creatively. This study criticizes the existing syllabus and emphasizes obviating shortcomings to achieve the objectives. it is believed with minor changes, especially in the budgeting of existing course contents and the emphasis on high levels of learning, and it is possible to increase learners’ ability to create creative writing genres and to increase writing creativity in general. The statistical population of this study is the student-teachers in the field of educational sciences, the entrance of 1397 in Farhangian University of Mazandaran. The samples are three homogenized groups from among the 9 groups of students in this field. This study is applicable, and it has compared two experimental groups trained with changes in the topic of the control group who was trained exactly according to the topic by incorporating quasi-experimental method. The results showed that the scores of the experimental group in both writing creative literary types and in each element of creativity were significantly improved compared to the control group by emphasizing the need for changes or revision on the existing syllabus.
Arabic Language and Literature
Amir Moqaddam Mottaqi; Ali Ahmadzadeh
Abstract
The book The Science of Literary Society written by Anwar Abdul Hamid Al-Musa is one of the recent works in which the author comprehensively deals with the emergence and growth of literary sociology from the beginning to the present day. As well as a chapter on Arabic works in this area, their critique ...
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The book The Science of Literary Society written by Anwar Abdul Hamid Al-Musa is one of the recent works in which the author comprehensively deals with the emergence and growth of literary sociology from the beginning to the present day. As well as a chapter on Arabic works in this area, their critique is also given. In order to introduce this book, we decided to examine this work based on a descriptive analytical method from both formal and content aspects to finally reveal the advantages and disadvantages and the success rate of the author in writing this work. Based on the results, we can consider the psychological and eloquent style, observance of writing rules, fit of the content with the title and logical sequence between the contents, strength and accuracy and neutrality in the analyses and critiques, among the advantages of this book. Type and size of fonts, lack of novelty in the title and its generality, failure to achieve the purpose of research, mere collection of materials, inappropriate and unscientific citation method, repetition and content, non-problematic work, bias in quoting content and conclusion, and being inadequate, are considered among the most important flaws and shortcomings of this work.
