Anthropology
Sayyed Hossein Hosseini
Abstract
The main question of this study is to determine the conceptual relation between "social refining (Tahzibe ejtemaie)" with "social human" to address one of the most important challenges of today's society on how human interaction in complicated and new social relations. Therefore, after introducing the ...
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The main question of this study is to determine the conceptual relation between "social refining (Tahzibe ejtemaie)" with "social human" to address one of the most important challenges of today's society on how human interaction in complicated and new social relations. Therefore, after introducing the general framework of the book "Social Human" by Dahrendorf and briefly describing its formative dimensions, this study deals with the basic concepts of social humans. This study will show that it is possible to go beyond the thought of a "problem analysis unit" and provide a more precise social conception. Although Dahrendorf considered two concepts of social role and social position as the constituents of social human beings and in this way, the two realities of individual and society are interconnected, since the subject in his mind was not "social refining", it has not been studied so far how we can link social human to social refining? In his analysis, Dahrendorf assumed an independent identity for the two concepts of individual and society, and according to him, a social human is a human being who has different social roles. Thus, social human should be called "human in society", but in another analysis, the individual cannot be imagined independently of society, but the real identity of individuals is formed in society and social relations. The present study deals with the three features of social refining and organizational power. Finally, it emphasizes the research necessities in this regard and especially the issue of a comprehensive moral plan.
Arabic Language and Literature
Rasoul Balavi
Abstract
This book deals with interaction which is one of the important criticism problems related to literary genres. Interaction is regarded as a perfect standing for literary genres. The researcher Basma Aros tried to examine this idea and Maqāmah and how much this prosimetric literary genre accedes ...
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This book deals with interaction which is one of the important criticism problems related to literary genres. Interaction is regarded as a perfect standing for literary genres. The researcher Basma Aros tried to examine this idea and Maqāmah and how much this prosimetric literary genre accedes to interactive reading. Choosing Maqamah as a project for this study was a conscious choice because Maqamat is regarded as the basis of the literary genres, and it went beyond other prosimetric literary genres. We chose the book “the Tiger and the Wolf “ written by Sahl Ibn Haroon because it contains conflicting interaction be embodied in an interrelated genre approach. To accomplish this study, the researcher also worked on Maqamat "Badi Al-zamn Al-Hamadzani" and Maqamat "Abi Qasem Al-hariri. According to the descriptive-analytical method, In this critical study, we will focus on the mentioned book to reach some points of conclusion which reveal the rank and importance of this book. Our results show that this book aims at disclosing the secrets of interactive relations among literary genres and their contribution in changing the viewpoint to the genres and their role in the interactive course. In order to show the role of interaction in reading prosaic texts through applying old and modern opinions, the researcher chose the Maqam genre because it includes an exciting genre interaction.
Arabic Language and Literature
Omid Izanloo
Abstract
Reader-response criticism is a new method of critique which tries to investigate the reader and the literary texts through a new attitude. The birth of this theory was the result of the intersection of the author-centered approach and the text-centered approach. The contemporaneity of the subject indicates ...
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Reader-response criticism is a new method of critique which tries to investigate the reader and the literary texts through a new attitude. The birth of this theory was the result of the intersection of the author-centered approach and the text-centered approach. The contemporaneity of the subject indicates the necessity of examining the subject and Hassan Mustafa Sahloul tries to answer this necessity in Nazaruyat Alqira'at Walta'awyl Al'adabii Waqadaya book. The criticism of nazaruyat Alqira'at Walta'awyl Al'adabii Waqadaya with a descriptive-analytical method shows that Hassan Mustafa Sahloul scrutinized the reader-response criticism approach. This book is written in an introduction and six chapters with in a small number of pages. The contents of the book are simplified in a way that is easily understood by the audience but a large number of chapters and titles has caused the dispersion and incoherence of the most important issues in this theory and in practice, the reader of the book cannot have a coherent classification of this theory and its related branches. There is no precise reference in the text of the book and this makes the reader of the book not know which sources to refer to for the rest of the study in this field. Also, the author has not examined the origin of this theory and its thinkers, and the ideas of some thinkers in the field of reading criticism have also been neglected.
political science
Morteza Bahrani
Abstract
This article is based on a review of Socialism: A Failed Idea That Never Dies (by Kristian Niemietz). Where Niemietz believes that the idea of socialism is still alive despite its successive failures, I will argue that the problem is not that the "ideas" are dead or alive. Human mental phenomena ...
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This article is based on a review of Socialism: A Failed Idea That Never Dies (by Kristian Niemietz). Where Niemietz believes that the idea of socialism is still alive despite its successive failures, I will argue that the problem is not that the "ideas" are dead or alive. Human mental phenomena include ideas, judgments, and wills. Ideas never die; whether it is the idea of socialism or the idea of God or the Idea of the dragon. The main issue is the rightness or wrongness of human will. Accordingly, I have tried to show, in a critical phenomenological way, that socialism is a will to failure. If it is repeated and experienced a thousand more times, it will achieve nothing but failure. On the contrary, and by historical experience, it is capitalist liberalism that has set before us the right and progressive will. For those of us who have stepped forward in the process of progress, the moral imperative is to put aside the socialist temptations of equal distribution. The beginning of our progress is to step on the path of production. Production and exchange of capital are the other words of free exchange and the right to freedom. It is only with this right that we can achieve ourselves in this worldly world.
Anthropology
Parvin Ghasemi
Abstract
This paper seeks to address aspects of contemporary Iranian anthropology by focusing on one of the works of Margaret Mead, a prominent American anthropologist. One of these aspects goes back to the introduction of a less-known work by Margaret Mead in Iran. In this regard, the position of classical works ...
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This paper seeks to address aspects of contemporary Iranian anthropology by focusing on one of the works of Margaret Mead, a prominent American anthropologist. One of these aspects goes back to the introduction of a less-known work by Margaret Mead in Iran. In this regard, the position of classical works in Iranian academic anthropology is discussed. Anthropology, in the work of Margaret Mead, is based on philanthropy, presence, understanding, theorizing, as well as futurism in the past. The principles of understanding this type of anthropology is imagination, writing, philanthropy, movement, and seeing. Without addressing the classics in anthropology education, current Iranian academic education pays less attention to these basic works in anthropology. Iranian university anthropology, its curricula, the quantity and quality of student participation in curriculum design and development, need to be reviewed and revised. Reviewing classical works, extracting hidden and obvious principles in these texts and compiling curricula based on those principles according to the needs of this science taken from the opinions of students and graduates, will be effective in improving this area.
Persian Language and Literature
Arash Amraei
Abstract
The ability of the Persian language with its cultural contexts made many Persian words and expressions have different meanings and functions under different situations. Expressing the metonymy of various phrases and expressions in the Persian language is one of these functions. For this reason, metonymy ...
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The ability of the Persian language with its cultural contexts made many Persian words and expressions have different meanings and functions under different situations. Expressing the metonymy of various phrases and expressions in the Persian language is one of these functions. For this reason, metonymy has always been considered by linguists, poets, and authors as part of the language and culture of any society. Metonymy is the beautiful, artistic, and implicit expression of different topics used by poets and authors as a subtle technique in expressing their purposes. Due to the extensive use of metonymy by Persian poets and authors, the collection, analysis, and interpretation of metonymy is a critical and competent task. Hassan Anwari and his colleagues complied and published a dictionary called “Sokhan Dictionary of Metonymy,” which is analyzed in this study. This book was published in two volumes in 1783. After reviewing and evaluating different concepts related to the book, the book structure has been succinctly introduced. Then, the content analysis and evaluation of the book was done. It was found that since this culture has been extracted from discourse culture, except metonymy, some other irrelevant entries have been mixed with it, leading to some incongruities and misinterpretations. In so doing, some of the most egregious problems are enumerated. It was finally concluded that this book needs to be seriously revised and rectified.
Anthropology
Mahdi Baratifar; Hadi Vakili
Abstract
According to the normative theories, one can speak of the three types of duty-based ethics, result-based ethics, and virtue-based ethics. A study of the history of Islamic rational-narrative traditions reveals the foundations and perspectives of all three types of ethics among Muslim thinkers. According ...
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According to the normative theories, one can speak of the three types of duty-based ethics, result-based ethics, and virtue-based ethics. A study of the history of Islamic rational-narrative traditions reveals the foundations and perspectives of all three types of ethics among Muslim thinkers. According to the authors, the fourth type of ethics can also be considered as “Caliphate-oriented ethics”, which is based on the assumption and succession between man and God, or in the sense of human Rabbi and Abd. In this article, we attempt to examine the concept of “Caliphate-based ethics” by examining the mystical ethics in the tradition of theoretical mysticism. According to the authors, (1) this type of ethics may be the correct interpretation of “mystical ethics” - in the tradition of theoretical mysticism attributed to Ibn al-Arabi; (2) Imam Khomeini’s mystical ethics is more compatible with “caliphate-based ethics” than other normative ethics theories; and (3) Caliphate-based ethics is subordinated to virtue ethics. In fact, the Caliphate’s ethics should be viewed as a virtue theory that differs in the nature of virtues, the method of recognizing virtues, and how to achieve virtues with conventional approaches to virtue ethics. In short, in this theory, virtues are the attributes of God, the method of recognizing virtues is the knowledge of the virtues, and the method of becoming virtuous is to imitate God and then become the caliph of God through mystical conduct in three stages. Purification, Polishing, and Adornation. In fact, it is this methodology of knowledge and moral development that is based on anthropology and mystical theology, which is found in the mystical works of the school of theoretical mysticism, including the mystical works of Imam Khomeini.
Sociology
Maryam Esakafi Noghani
Abstract
The book The Decline of Patriarchy, The Collapse of the Family, or the Advent of the Civil Family explores two possibilities in the family situation in Iran, which, according to the author, can exist simultaneously. With a critical approach, he has tried to evaluate policies and plans in the family and ...
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The book The Decline of Patriarchy, The Collapse of the Family, or the Advent of the Civil Family explores two possibilities in the family situation in Iran, which, according to the author, can exist simultaneously. With a critical approach, he has tried to evaluate policies and plans in the family and to find alternatives to the pathology of diagnosis and strategies. This article reviews the critical review of this book. The study of the structure, form, content, and method of research in this book showed that although the subject of the book is a very interesting, new topic and very attractive, there is a lot of research that could be the subject of future research and research dissertations. But this book has fundamental defects in the structure so it seems that while the book's contents are not well-integrated, the main contents are in the first part of the book, and the following sections repeat the first chapter. The content also has conceptual and theoretical contradictions, and the author's allegations do not have reason to believe persuasive arguments and evidence. The methodology also has ambiguities which, despite the title and good subject of the book, are not proposed to the students in the present form.
Economy
S.M. Reza Amiri Tehrani
Abstract
This article aims at reviewing Tamaddon’s idea about economic psychology, which is presented in his book titled as "Views on Economic Psychology". Firstly, the role of psychologism in the history of science and its relevance to philosophy, humanities, and social sciences is introduced. This is ...
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This article aims at reviewing Tamaddon’s idea about economic psychology, which is presented in his book titled as "Views on Economic Psychology". Firstly, the role of psychologism in the history of science and its relevance to philosophy, humanities, and social sciences is introduced. This is to say that, psychologism in Britain, utilitarianism, psychologism in Germany and the Austrian school of economics are reviewed. British psychologism which believes in universal scientific laws abstracted from experiences in order to explain human behavior, is crystallized in methodological individualism and rationalism. German psychologism in its historical approach is to understand and describe human behavior. The Austrian school of economics is somewhere between these two schools of psychologism, meaning that while it recognizes social and cultural entities, it is also indebted to methodological individualism. John Maynard Keynes introduces the concept of animal spirit and shows its impacts on individual behaviors and suggests the economic psychology of a society of individuals based on conventions. Secondly, the economic psychologism ideal of Tamaddon and its relevance to philosophical and economic thoughts, especially to that of John Maynard Keynes’ attitude is surveyed. This article is based on descriptive and analytical methodology.
Economy
Saeed Seyed Hosseinzadeh Yazdi; Mohammad javad Sharifzadeh; Adel Paighami
Abstract
The study of the role of government in the school of German Ordoliberalism in order to be considered as an alternative to the neoliberal capitalist system after the global crisis of 2008 and influencing the development model of West Germany after World War II and its effects on the model of EU governance ...
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The study of the role of government in the school of German Ordoliberalism in order to be considered as an alternative to the neoliberal capitalist system after the global crisis of 2008 and influencing the development model of West Germany after World War II and its effects on the model of EU governance and some other countries are important. The purpose of this article is to review, evaluate and critique the analysis" of works produced and translated into Persian in this field. some suggestions were made as follows: citing sources and first-hand thinkers of this school, distinguishing between similar concepts, correcting in-text references and equations Making specialized reforms, using valid analysis methods, paying attention to the foundations of ontology, anthropology, arithmetic, and ethics and its effect on the role of the government in this school and its critique from an Islamic perspective, and finally paying attention to different dimensions of the role of the state in this school, including the role of the economic constitution, social policy, and finally the presentation of an analytical model of concepts related to the role of the state and the relations and interactions between them.
Methodology
Seyed Mohammad Reza Taghavi
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to criticize the book “Methodology of Religious Studies (New Edition)”, written by Faramarz Gharamlaki in 2013. The book was evaluated from two dimensions of form and content. Formally, the book met most of the requirements and was evaluated favorably. In terms ...
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The purpose of this study was to criticize the book “Methodology of Religious Studies (New Edition)”, written by Faramarz Gharamlaki in 2013. The book was evaluated from two dimensions of form and content. Formally, the book met most of the requirements and was evaluated favorably. In terms of content, the book contains technical points in most of the book’s chapters which can prepare the reader for research, using the current scientific approaches. Indeed, this book is an extension of the methods accepted in current scientific research. Of course, the author has made great efforts to document the methods using religious texts; however, the base of most parts of the book is the same as the common sciences. To explain the hierarchy of religious science, to set up a methodological system appropriate to Islamic worldview, ontology, and epistemology, a serious effort of religious scholars is needed in order to development of the methodology of Islamic humanities.
Anthropology
Parisa Goudarzi; Mohsen Shabani
Abstract
Moral psychology is one of the emerging disciplines in interdisciplinary studies in the field of moral philosophy and psychology. Moral psychology seeks to bridge the boundaries of science and philosophy in the field of psychology and ethics. The Righteous Mind: Why Good People Are Divided by Politics ...
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Moral psychology is one of the emerging disciplines in interdisciplinary studies in the field of moral philosophy and psychology. Moral psychology seeks to bridge the boundaries of science and philosophy in the field of psychology and ethics. The Righteous Mind: Why Good People Are Divided by Politics and Religion? by Jonathan Haidt is one of the most influential works in this field. In this paper, the authors have tried to bring the boundaries of psychology and ethics closer to each other. Haidt seeks to suggest a way of thinking about two divisive issues in human life: politics and religion. For this purpose, he has used the available resources in the fields of philosophy, moral philosophy, psychology, social sciences, and genetics. Much of the book's data is lived and experienced by the author himself. This has made the present book an excellent one in the field of psychology and ethics, especially in the field of moral intuitionism and social intuitionism. The author believes that understanding and empathizing with the political and religious views of others or, in his words, validating the moral matrices of others, eliminates divisions between people. Due to its very simple language, coherent and empirical analyzes, this book can be made available to the general public, both academics and non-academics.
Jurisprudence and Law
Ali Asghar Esmaili Far; GholamHossein Massoud; Mohammad Kazem Emadzadeh
Abstract
The deferment of bank’s claims and the impossibility of collecting or delaying their receipt can be considered as a clear violation of banking Achilles. The range and prolongation of this situation could jeopardize the power of paying banks and, ultimately, their bankruptcy, and the bank’s ...
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The deferment of bank’s claims and the impossibility of collecting or delaying their receipt can be considered as a clear violation of banking Achilles. The range and prolongation of this situation could jeopardize the power of paying banks and, ultimately, their bankruptcy, and the bank’s bankruptcy is a comprehensive crisis in affairs. Financial and economic conditions of the country, systematic corruption, non-compliance with regulations, regulatory failure, lack of specific judicial and executive procedures, and inefficiencies of the judiciary are among the most important causes of this problem in the banks. Solving this problem requires a comprehensive and scientific approach to banking in Iran. The ambiguities and complexities of the ruler’s regulations and jurisprudential attitudes toward issues of inherently legal rights or the provision of legal-jurisprudential solutions for matters that are not in the realm of rights have doubled the problems.
Anthropology
shiva Alinaghian
Abstract
Many Scholars believe that “Imagined Communities” is one of a most influential Books in Late 20th. Based on the Anderson’s Point of view, Nationalism is not a false capitalist consciousness, instead it is produced by one of a fundamental aspects of capitalism. “Print Capitalism” ...
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Many Scholars believe that “Imagined Communities” is one of a most influential Books in Late 20th. Based on the Anderson’s Point of view, Nationalism is not a false capitalist consciousness, instead it is produced by one of a fundamental aspects of capitalism. “Print Capitalism” in its historical context, is a type of economic corporation which is not only affected on the formation and distribution of culture, but it also was a part of capitalist production as well. His contribution was to show how print industry helped development of national units. A critical review can declare Anderson’s analysis is less practical and useful. It could not explain how a nation is distinguished from other types of community which he has constructed in the book. In addition, his analysis faces three serious problems: his understanding of nation is something classless, asocial and universal; minorities, marginal and subaltern groups are absent in his analysis, and finally he is unconsidered to sexuality structures and women’s reproductive role in generating a nation. These obstacles base his construction of citizenship and nation upon white, middle class, educated European men.
Sports Science and Physical Education
Mohsen Hallaji
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to criticize the book “Instructional Models for Physical Education”. The research method of critical philosophical exploration and society was the study of the content and structure of the book. National Criticism Questionnaire was used as a tool and framework ...
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The purpose of this study was to criticize the book “Instructional Models for Physical Education”. The research method of critical philosophical exploration and society was the study of the content and structure of the book. National Criticism Questionnaire was used as a tool and framework for the critique. The book has 693 pages, two parts, and 15 chapters. The findings of the review were presented in two dimensions: description and interpretation of the form and content of the work. The points regarding the form analysis include layout, literary editing, full ID, and good quality prints. Some content scores include content in sections and chapters, content matching with the headlines of some academic lessons, expanding the idea of designing and implementing physical education lessons’ shapes such as low charm, large numbers book pages. Content failures encompass duplication of content, relative neglect to refer to existing scientific theories, lack of mentioning the integration patterns, the problem of teaching a book during a semester for a two-unit lesson, moderate and weak equation of specialized terminology, and uncertainty to translate book. According to the teacher’s guide books, this book is not recommended to Iranian Physical education teachers.
political science
Mohammad Javad Tahsili,; Maghsoud Ranjbar; Mohammad Torabi
Abstract
Mostashar al-Dawla's treatise “One Word” is one of the most important and original writings of the Qajar period in the field of legalism and on this basis, is the foundation of understanding the idea of legalism in Iran in the Qajar era and also recognizes the lineage of the constitutional ...
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Mostashar al-Dawla's treatise “One Word” is one of the most important and original writings of the Qajar period in the field of legalism and on this basis, is the foundation of understanding the idea of legalism in Iran in the Qajar era and also recognizes the lineage of the constitutional movement in Iran. Hamed Ameri has studied this work in his book Modernity and Legalism and this article is a critique of his writing about this book. The most important critique of the book, it is descriptive and the author lacks a critical approach to the work, while the treatise "One Word" by Mostashar al-Dawla can be criticized in various ways, which are discussed in this article and the most important critique of the above treatise is that Mostashar al-Dawla’s has become reductionist in understanding the law and its meaning and this has led to her serious misunderstanding of the place and meaning of law in the modern world. This misconception has had a significant effect on the non-realization of legalism in the contemporary history of Iran.
political science
Mohammad Ali Tavana
Abstract
Abdal-llah Belqiziz, a Moroccan philosopher in Arabic and Modernity: A Study of Modernist Discourse, poses the question of how he encountered Arab intellectual discourses (authentic, reformist, and liberal) with modernity and why these discourses have not succeeded in opening the way to Arab modernity? ...
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Abdal-llah Belqiziz, a Moroccan philosopher in Arabic and Modernity: A Study of Modernist Discourse, poses the question of how he encountered Arab intellectual discourses (authentic, reformist, and liberal) with modernity and why these discourses have not succeeded in opening the way to Arab modernity? According to Belqiziz, the main problem goes back to the theoretical framework of these discourses, which contains the following problems: 1. A mechanical definition of the relationship between oneself and another; 2- Linear view of history; 3- Incomplete understanding of modernity. In contrast to Belqiziz, the discourse of critical rationalism is the solution to these problems because of its reliance on the internal dialectic between self and the other, self and the other dialectical critique, nonlinear view of history (simultaneous intellectual history), cultural understanding of modernity, avoidance of absolutism, as well as the possibility of combining Western and Islamic. However, it seems that Belqiziz’s solution still has two fundamental problems: 1- The inevitability of modernity; 2- Lack of pure indigenous epistemological system and methodology for the transition to progress.
Arabic Language and Literature
Hedayatollah Taghizadeh
Abstract
Curriculum planners are always looking to revise curriculum content. The "Arabic language teaching" curriculum in 2016 was revised by Farhangian University and replaced the "Arabic language and literature secretary" curriculum. Considering the effect that the curriculum has on improving the level of ...
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Curriculum planners are always looking to revise curriculum content. The "Arabic language teaching" curriculum in 2016 was revised by Farhangian University and replaced the "Arabic language and literature secretary" curriculum. Considering the effect that the curriculum has on improving the level of knowledge, skills and attitudes of students, it is necessary to be scrutinized. Therefore, the present study seeks to address the pathology of the curriculum in this field. The research information was obtained through documentary studies and by using quantitative and descriptive methods and using the researcher-made questionnaire in a statistical population consisting of professors of Farhangian University of Tehran, in a purposeful and comprehensive manner. The results show that the most important quantitative changes have been the reduction of the share of specialized units from 93 units to 54 units and the increase of the share of educational courses. A significant reduction in the units of texts and history from 46 units to 8 units, and the reduction of language skills units from 36 units to 20 units are among the new weaknesses of the new program. Increasing the internship units from 4 units in two semesters to 8 units in four semesters and defining thematic-educational courses and teacher work experience are among the strengths of this program.
Persian Language and Literature
Ahmad Behnami
Abstract
“Haqiqat-ol Hadiqat: Selections & Excerpts of All Chapters of Sanai Ghaznavis Hadiqat-ol Haqiqat” is a book compiled by Homeira Zomorodi, with the aim of providing a selection from “Sanai Ghaznavis Hadiqat-ol Haqiqat” book and related commentary. Was the book successful in ...
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“Haqiqat-ol Hadiqat: Selections & Excerpts of All Chapters of Sanai Ghaznavis Hadiqat-ol Haqiqat” is a book compiled by Homeira Zomorodi, with the aim of providing a selection from “Sanai Ghaznavis Hadiqat-ol Haqiqat” book and related commentary. Was the book successful in achieving its purpose of familiarizing Persian literature readers and students with this significant Persian literary work? In order to evaluate the text accuracy, the author refers to valid sources such as Persian dictionaries, the original text of Sana’i Ghaznavi’s book, old Persian texts sharing common anecdotes with the original text, and commentaries and explications. As a result of such evaluation, few shortcomings have been found, some of which can be cited as various writing, editing, and printing-related flaws in the text, and the citations of verses in many cases are incorrect. In several instances, there are also inaccurate interpretations of verses, incorrect presentation of anecdotes and allusions origins, and flawed translation of cited Arabic phrases. Also, many verses are left unexplained.
Methodology
Fatemeh Javadzadeh Shahshahani
Abstract
After the approval of the title of “Philosophy of Science in Psychology” as a two-credit course for undergraduate university students of psychology, several textbooks were developed with a similar title. The most recent textbook, by Dr. Khosro Bagheri was published by the Organization for ...
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After the approval of the title of “Philosophy of Science in Psychology” as a two-credit course for undergraduate university students of psychology, several textbooks were developed with a similar title. The most recent textbook, by Dr. Khosro Bagheri was published by the Organization for Researching and Composing University Textbooks in the Humanities. Taking these two points into consideration, the current book is introduced and evaluated; however, its modification and completion in the next edition will certainly provide an opportunity for a unique textbook to be developed in philosophy of psychology. In the present study, after the introduction of different chapters of “Philosophy of Psychology Science”, the book is evaluated from several angles, including (the appearance, title, consistency with the approved course of this credit, appropriateness with the approved syllables of the relevant courses, and the appropriateness of books with similar books). The evaluation result indicate that the present book “Philosophy of Psychology Science” which is written by Khosro Bagheri, as a textbook of “Philosophy of Psychology Science”, has many advantages; however, it revision in the next edition in terms of name, volume, chapter numbers, title and content, is needed in order for it to be matched well with the developed topics for this course. Finally, one suggestion would be offered, improving the philosophy of psychology science course and some reasons for that.
Arabic Language and Literature
Farhad Rajabi
Abstract
The art of play is the result of human social life, more than any other type of art in relation to social man, and accordingly, its connection with the new civilization can be emphasized more than other components. In the new era, the play is one of the most important topics for critical discussions, ...
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The art of play is the result of human social life, more than any other type of art in relation to social man, and accordingly, its connection with the new civilization can be emphasized more than other components. In the new era, the play is one of the most important topics for critical discussions, whether as a text or as a collection of narratives performed by actors on stage to the extent that the critical and historical books of this type of art have a wide range of the oldest types of art. One of the most recent works of this kind is Nashat 'al-Masrah fi al-Mashreq, (The Emergence of Theater in the East), whose author has studied the origin and evolution of this art in the Orient, focusing on Lebanon and Syria, Turkey and Iran. The article intends to provide a critical reading of it by adopting a descriptive method, and the results show that although the value of the book in question is small, the author has been able to use accurate methods in reviewing the evolution of the work as a historical-analytical book by using reliable documents and sources.
Sociology
Asghar Izadi-Jeiran
Abstract
The relationship between individual and culture as the main subject in psychological anthropology had been engaged anthropologists from the early days of the discipline. Culture and Identity: The History, Theory, and Practice of Psychological Anthropology (second edition, 2007) by Charles Lindholm is ...
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The relationship between individual and culture as the main subject in psychological anthropology had been engaged anthropologists from the early days of the discipline. Culture and Identity: The History, Theory, and Practice of Psychological Anthropology (second edition, 2007) by Charles Lindholm is one of the best and most comprehensive resources in this field. The book is organized into five sections, with thirteen chapters. Lindholm began the book by exploring of self and individual in the culture and thought of the West, then turn to anthropology to show its contribution through ethnographic research. Some classic subjects of psychology such as self, thinking, emotions, and mental disorders are discussed by reference to anthropological legacy. Culture and Identity has many strengths including a good and concise review of philosophical approaches, extensive use of data of anthropological fieldworks, grounding the discussions of psychological anthropology in the broader contexts of some events in the scientific community, comprehensiveness of bibliography, and combining theory with experimental examples.
Management and Policy Making
Saeed Azadeh; Ali Akbar Farhangi; Seyed Mohammad Zahedi
Abstract
Trust is a vital and essential factor for individual and organizational success that increases order, stability and predictability of the future. The aim of this study is to design a model of intra-organizational trust through collective action in education in Tehran. Experts including senior managers, ...
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Trust is a vital and essential factor for individual and organizational success that increases order, stability and predictability of the future. The aim of this study is to design a model of intra-organizational trust through collective action in education in Tehran. Experts including senior managers, professors and leading consultants in the field of management of the organization were considered as the statistical community. Nine experts were interviewed in-depth using the snowball sampling method. In the quantitative phase, all education staff in Tehran were considered as a community. Three hundred seventy-seven were selected as a statistical sample. Data collection tools in the qualitative phase of the research were in-depth and unstructured interviews with experts. The data were analyzed based on the data theory method (open, axial and selective coding). In the quantitative phase of the research, a closed and researcher-made questionnaire was used. SPSS, LISREL and smart-PLS software were used for descriptive and inferential analysis. The results showed that collective action within and between the structural layers of the organization through the redesign of organizational processes can increase intra-organizational trust in education in Tehran.
Economy
Ali Saeedi
Abstract
Methodology of Islamic Economics is a textbook for MA and PhD students of Islamic economics. Using the concept of institution, the author has tried to make a connection between the Shari'a rules, as matters of conventionals, and economic realities and concludes that differences of conventionals in Islamic ...
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Methodology of Islamic Economics is a textbook for MA and PhD students of Islamic economics. Using the concept of institution, the author has tried to make a connection between the Shari'a rules, as matters of conventionals, and economic realities and concludes that differences of conventionals in Islamic societies and others, requires differences in social realities and so Islamic economics requires a different methodology. The author then examines a list of institutions derived from the Shari'a rules and how it affects social realities. The main drawback of the book is to move away from the methodology and there is almost no discussion about the evaluation of theories of Islamic economics or the criterion of the scientific nature of these theories. Much of the book discusses the differences between Islamic economics theories from those of neoclassical economics. The author has used some concepts of institutionalism without clarifying the relationship between institutionalism and Islamic economics. The critique of the foundations of neoclassical economics also relies on other schools of economics, including the German historical school and behavioral and institutional economics, while the author was expected to critique from the perspective of Islamic economics. It is suggested that the title of the book can be changed and the author can make a fundamental review of the book's topics in the next edition.
Jurisprudence and Law
Afshar Akbari; Wali Rostami; Faramarz Atrian
Abstract
Authorities and courts, dealing with complaints and disputes arising out of different disputes within a community, form a part of the legal system of that community. These authorities are usually created by legal mechanisms and are responsible for handling and adjudicating disputes and voting against ...
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Authorities and courts, dealing with complaints and disputes arising out of different disputes within a community, form a part of the legal system of that community. These authorities are usually created by legal mechanisms and are responsible for handling and adjudicating disputes and voting against them. Some of these authorities have jurisdiction to handle specific disputes and disputes that are known as proprietary. It is important to take responsibility for the lawsuit against the government because of the high power and authority of the government over private individuals and how to prove it. Therefore, in this article, we review the legal system of the civil liability status of the government and the competent authorities dealing with its claims in Iranian law by comparing UK law. The government’s civil responsibility has made it a turning point in the Iranian legal system.
