نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکترای سیاست‌گذاری علم و فناوری، مرکز تحقیقات سیاست علمی کشور

2 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت فناوری، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی

3 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت فناوری، دانشگاه تهران

4 کارشناس ارشد مدیریت فناوری، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی

چکیده

کشور ایران، مانند اکثر کشورهای دارای ذخایر نفت و گاز، با وضع سیاست‌ها و قوانین مختلف به‌دنبال حداکثرسازی سهم داخل در قراردادهای بین‌المللی نفتی است؛ اما این سیاست‌ها همواره با چالش‌هایی در تدوین و پیاده‌سازی مواجه بوده‌اند که نتیجۀ آن ‌تحقق‌نیافتن کامل هدف ارتقای سهم داخل در قراردادهای بین‌المللی است. در این نوشتار، به نقد و بررسی موانع و چالش‌های تدوین و پیاده‌سازی سیاست‌ها و قوانین و مقررات ارتقای سهم داخل پرداختیم و تلاش کردیم که راه‌کارهایی برای رفع موانع احصاءشده ارائه کنیم. پارادایم این پژوهش از نوع تفسیری است و ازمنظر هدف از دسته تحقیقات کاربردی است. رویکرد این پژوهش از نوع استقرایی است و از نوع کیفی و استراتژی داده‌بنیاد در نظر گرفته شده است. گردآوری داده‌ها ازطریق مطالعات کتاب‌خانه‌ای، تحلیل قوانین و اسناد بالادستی، و تحلیل مصاحبه‌های نیمه‌باز با شرکت‌های اکتشاف و تولید (E&P) نفتی، پیمان‌کاران و شرکت‌های خدمات نفتی (OSC,EPC)، و سازندگان تجهیزات صنعت نفت با تکیه بر مدل تحلیل مضمون به شناسایی چالش‌ها و راه‌کارهای مرتبط پرداخته شده است. نتایج حاصل از این پژوهش مجموعۀ چالش‌ها را به سه دستۀ چالش‌های سیاست‌گذاری کلان و اجرایی، چالش‌های شرکتی، و چالش‌های قراردادها و مناقصات تقسیم می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Critique of the Policies and Laws to Promote Local Content in International Contracts and Present the Selected Solutions, with Emphasis on the Oil and Gas Sector

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hoosein Heirani 1
  • Mahdi Hamidi 2
  • Mahdi Sahafzade 3
  • Mahdieh Nasrini 4

1 PhD in Science and Technology Policy, National Research Institute for Science Policy

2 PhD Candidate in Technology Management, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran

3 PhD Candidate in Technology Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

4 MSc in Technology Management, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Like most countries with oil and gas reserves, Iran has sought to maximize its domestic share in international oil contracts by adopting different policies and laws. Nevertheless, these policies have always faced challenges in formulating and implementing them, resulting in the failure to fully realize the goal of enhancing domestic share in international treaties. This article reviews the barriers and challenges of formulating and implementing policies, laws, and regulations to improve internal sharing, and attempts to provide solutions to the identified barriers. The paradigm of this research is interpretive, and it can be considered as an applied research from the objective point of view. The approach of this study is inductive and qualitative, and its database strategy is considered. Data collection is done through library studies, upstream legal analysis and documentation, analysis of semi-open interviews with oil exploration and production companies (E&P), oil contractors and service companies (OSC, EPC), and oil industry equipment makers relying on thematic analysis model. Identification of related challenges and strategies is discussed. The results of this research divide the set of challenges into three categories: macro and executive policy challenges, corporate challenges, and contract and tender challenges.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Policies and Laws
  • Challenges
  • Local Content
  • International Oil and Gas Contracts
  • Solutions
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