Persian Language and Literature
Mahmoud Fazilat
Volume 13, Issue 26 , April 2013, , Pages 33-56
Abstract
Paradox is not only a literary rhetorical device or a poetic image, but also a logical, philosophical and cosmological concept. It had been neglected in the rhetorical and literary works of the past due to its being regarded the same as other literary devices such as metaphor. Persian poets, especially ...
Read More
Paradox is not only a literary rhetorical device or a poetic image, but also a logical, philosophical and cosmological concept. It had been neglected in the rhetorical and literary works of the past due to its being regarded the same as other literary devices such as metaphor. Persian poets, especially in mystical literature and modern poetry, have used the richest paradoxical ideas in their poems. In the light of such paradoxical phrases, their poetic language has gained a permanent effect and novelty. Using paradox, the poet reconciles between contradictory and incongruent matters, and creates the impossible which is the most beautiful and wonderful image of imagination. Paradoxical ideas were obviously manifested in Sanai’s mystical poems. Therefore, the oldest examples of paradoxical ideas can be found in his works. In the present paper, the issue of paradox in Sanai’s works is studied.
Arabic Language and Literature
Soghra Falahati
Volume 12, Issue 25 , April 2013, , Pages 69-89
Abstract
Literary figures or rhetorical ornament are those devices which are employed by men of letters to adorn their language. These figures are not a part of language but are the product of time and environment where language grows and flourishes. Considering the closeness of Persian and Arabic languages and ...
Read More
Literary figures or rhetorical ornament are those devices which are employed by men of letters to adorn their language. These figures are not a part of language but are the product of time and environment where language grows and flourishes. Considering the closeness of Persian and Arabic languages and the existing evidence one can say that almost all Arabic literary figures are also used in Persian. The way these figures are introduced in Persian shows that they are presented sometime withThe same names and functions as in Arabic;Name less used in Arabic;New names or a translation of Arabic names;Somehow altered function;A completely different function.In this research it is shown, however, that some Arabic literary figures are not used in Persian.In Persian there are some figures which the Persian speakers have borrowed from other languages and aren’t mentioned in ancient Arabic books written on this subject. On the other hand, modern authors pay less attention. In her study of some samples the researcher in this article highlights the relationship between the science of rhetoric and this science showing that in both languages the issues of the above science deal also with literary figures. The article finally proves that rhetoric for the first time was introduced as an independent science in Arabic language and the speakers of Persian followed the Arabic example.
