political science
Seyede Motahare Hosseyni
Abstract
The works written about Russia are few and mostly have literary, political, journalistic, or security genres. The book “Society and Culture of Russia” has tried to have a general and comprehensive look at the topic of culture in Russian society, which has received less attention in Russian ...
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The works written about Russia are few and mostly have literary, political, journalistic, or security genres. The book “Society and Culture of Russia” has tried to have a general and comprehensive look at the topic of culture in Russian society, which has received less attention in Russian studies. After introducing the book and the author, this article has criticized and analyzed the author's attention to the topic of Russian society and culture. For this purpose, the background and origin of the work have been examined, then with internal structural criticism, the degree of coherence and logical order of the work and its appearance, grammatical and typographical problems have been analyzed. It also deals with its methodology and also explains its content strengths. In the following, extra-structural (basic) criticism of the book is made, and after analyzing and checking the degree of harmony of the contents of the work with its assumed principles and foundations and stating the existing strengths and contradictions, the degree of connection and challenge of the contents of the work with religious and Islamic foundations and principles is discussed.
Arabic Language and Literature
Behnam Farsi; Zahra Esfandiary
Abstract
Feminism is a school of thought that has been found to restore the oppressed rights of women and establish equity with and sometimes supremacy over men. After its pervasion in Western countries, the phenomenon slipped through such Muslim nations as Saudi Arabia. In her novel "Ontha al-Aankaboot" (Female ...
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Feminism is a school of thought that has been found to restore the oppressed rights of women and establish equity with and sometimes supremacy over men. After its pervasion in Western countries, the phenomenon slipped through such Muslim nations as Saudi Arabia. In her novel "Ontha al-Aankaboot" (Female Spider), Qumasha al-Ayan, a Saudi Arabian author, addresses women's problems and the challenges facing feministic movements in her country. Using a descriptive-analytic method, this study aims to firstly investigate the differences between the social structures of western and Islamic countries regarding feminist approaches and secondly to demonstrate the obstacles against the advancement of the feminist movement in Saudi Arabia to discuss social problems women face in that society with emphasis on the afore-mentioned novel. As the study results show, the Industrial Revolution and the subsequent need for women's workforce induced feministic feelings in Western countries. In contrast, such feelings have not found the opportunity to develop in Islamic nations, specifically in Saudi Arabia, since there is not only a fundamental conflict between Islam and feminism but also the normalization of patriarchy in these countries. Moreover, the male-oriented interpretation of laws in some Arab Muslim countries has limited women in different areas.
political science
Seyyed Reza Hoseini; Mostafa Rezaee; Amir Etemadi Bozorg
Abstract
Vanessa Martin is an English-speaking scholar of contemporary Iranian history who attempts to examine the Constitutional Revolution from an external perspective and its socio-political developments in her book. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to study the book analytically-critically in terms ...
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Vanessa Martin is an English-speaking scholar of contemporary Iranian history who attempts to examine the Constitutional Revolution from an external perspective and its socio-political developments in her book. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to study the book analytically-critically in terms of form, method, theory and content. Vanessa Martin's focus in this book is to identify political currents and socio-economic and local developments outside of Tehran that have had a direct impact on the Constitutional Revolution and its aftermath. A review of the book shows that the author has tried to define local constitutionalism in relation to national identity. The findings show that from the author's point of view, in terms of the traditional context of Iranian society and the clergy, the constitutional revolution is considered a historical and religious issue, but intellectuals consider it a mythical and modern issue. Vanessa Martin's innovation in this book is to identify the role of local forces, especially in the regions of Azerbaijan, Bushehr, Fars and Isfahan in the Constitutional Revolution, but in the type of classification of political currents and their definition of the constitutional revolution, there are problems that need to be corrected in later versions.
History
Nematollah Zakipour
Abstract
By Adopting a critical approach to reading text, the present article examines and evaluates the book Historiography and its Developments in Iran and the World, a joint work of Hossein Mirjafari and Abbas Ashouri-Nejad. The book reviewed in this article, which is dedicated to Payame Noor University as ...
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By Adopting a critical approach to reading text, the present article examines and evaluates the book Historiography and its Developments in Iran and the World, a joint work of Hossein Mirjafari and Abbas Ashouri-Nejad. The book reviewed in this article, which is dedicated to Payame Noor University as a textbook on "Historiography and its Developments in Iran and the World" as a sourcebook at the undergraduate level in history, is no exception to this rule. Academic textbooks are expected to meet the required scientific standards. Despite the authors' efforts to compile a documentary on historiography, this book has some drawbacks including lack of a detailed table of contents, index, typographical errors, poor writing and grammar, the indentation of some sentences, poor citation and documentation, lack of separation of sources in the bibliography, etc. In terms of the content, formal considerations and lack of explanation of terms and concepts, improper use of first-hand sources, unbalanced volume of the sections, the existence of clichéd content, etc. are also observed. The author of the article tries to review and evaluate the book and explain its strengths and weakness, to present his suggestions to the authors and the textbook publishing council in order to increase the scientific-educational aspect of this book and its structured quality.
Foreign Languages
Reza Kiani
Abstract
Among the books of Amir Khosrow Dehlavi, the famous Indian thinker and writer, there is a book that has serious differences with his other works, and it is really brilliant. This book is called Dolarani and Khezer Khan, despite its great cultural and social significance, it is an anonymous work in Iran. ...
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Among the books of Amir Khosrow Dehlavi, the famous Indian thinker and writer, there is a book that has serious differences with his other works, and it is really brilliant. This book is called Dolarani and Khezer Khan, despite its great cultural and social significance, it is an anonymous work in Iran. In this work, Amir Khosrow, while telling a love story, has briefly narrated how Islam was spread and expanded by the kings of the Ghori dynasty in India. There are important sources from the spread of Islam to Iran, but perhaps we have read and heard less about its spread to other countries, especially those with strong indigenous and patriotic civilizations. In this work, while narrating one of the Indian emotional stories, special attention is paid to the changed social, political and even cultural conditions of that time in India. The purpose of this study is to introduce and recognize this lesser known but important work, and to recognize the content by emphasizing its social paradigms. Documentary and library methods have been used to obtain the results. Findings show us that the new religion has changed some of the beliefs, traditions and social rituals of the people of that land, such as marriage in a Muslim way, attention to marriage and family formation within a group, and so on.
Science and Technology Studies
Mahmoud Mokhtari
Abstract
This article reviews the book The Relationship between Religion and Technology. The main effort of the book, as the author himself states, is to study the interaction of technology and religion in the context of the Islamic worldview, as well as to present a theory for achieving Islamic technology. The ...
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This article reviews the book The Relationship between Religion and Technology. The main effort of the book, as the author himself states, is to study the interaction of technology and religion in the context of the Islamic worldview, as well as to present a theory for achieving Islamic technology. The present article first examines the main concern of the book and its place among other publications of the author. Then the research methodology of the book author will be assessed. Finally, a detailed evaluation of the author's project on Islamic technology will be presented. The claim of this article is that the book does not succeed in achieving a coherent theory about Islamic technology, and this effort needs to be modified and completed. In fact, the author's view focuses on the intentions of the designers and users of technological artifacts, not on the structure and physical properties of the artifacts, and thus the concept of "religious technology" is reduced to what the author calls "non-religious technology" (as opposed to anti-religious).
political science
Bahram Navazeni
Abstract
This is a review of the book "Islam in Russia: the politics of identity and security” by Shirin T. Hunter, the Iranian-American Professor of Georgetown University, in collaboration with two of the researchers at the Center for strategic and international studies, Jeffrey Thomas and Alexander Melikishvili, ...
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This is a review of the book "Islam in Russia: the politics of identity and security” by Shirin T. Hunter, the Iranian-American Professor of Georgetown University, in collaboration with two of the researchers at the Center for strategic and international studies, Jeffrey Thomas and Alexander Melikishvili, published in New York in 2004. A translation of this work is done by Elahe Koulaei, Professor at Tehran University, and two of his colleagues, Seyedeh Motahare Hussein and Asma Moini by Nei press in Tehran. Although the book may not be considered as the main textbook for political science course subjects, but may certainly be acknowledged as holding valuable information about the Soviet Government and politics, the big power's foreign policy, in all branches of BA, MA and PhD fields of political science, international relations, and regional studies. This article is also trying to introduce this work and its authors and translators, as well as critically analyze the structural and contextual weakness and suggest some corrective tips for the next edition of it.
political science
Bahram Navazeni
Abstract
The book “Religion and Theory of International Relations: Theory and Practice” is a collection of articles compiled and translated into Persian by Asgar Ghahramanpour Bonab from scattered articles and journals by Daniel Filpat and several other researchers of international relations. By compiling ...
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The book “Religion and Theory of International Relations: Theory and Practice” is a collection of articles compiled and translated into Persian by Asgar Ghahramanpour Bonab from scattered articles and journals by Daniel Filpat and several other researchers of international relations. By compiling these articles, the translator has attempted to address the important role of religion in shaping international relations in the Westphalian period and by evaluating its position among various mainstream and minor theories of international relations such as realism, liberalism, and constructivism, he has explored the function of different world religions such as Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, and Judaism, both in inciting civil strife and converging, and in uniting and strengthening the world peace. Given the importance of familiarity with different types of religions, as well as their historical role in the formation of societies and their developments, especially in the contemporary period, this article examines and evaluates this book and tries to recommend some formal as well as content revisions on translation, equivalence, and references. The authors of the articles, as well as the translator, seem to have neglected to observe the prevailing modern situation of the separation of religion from politics and the marginalized religion in contemporary international relations.
political science
Mohammad Shojaeian
Abstract
Liberals claim that they do not impose any restrictions on the critique of ideas and institutions because any restriction means restricting freedom of expression as one of the most important aspects of freedom. Accordingly, in liberal discourse, insults to divine prophets are defended as an example of ...
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Liberals claim that they do not impose any restrictions on the critique of ideas and institutions because any restriction means restricting freedom of expression as one of the most important aspects of freedom. Accordingly, in liberal discourse, insults to divine prophets are defended as an example of freedom of expression. The central theme of the book “Is Criticism Secular?” is related to the above discussion. This book contains articles written by Talal al-Assad and Saba Mahmoud and criticizes the liberal view of criticism and its relation to freedom of expression. This article examines and criticizes these views. Both Assad and Saba Mahmoud tried to reject the “dual rational argument” that puts Christianity, secularism, rationality, tolerance, and freedom on one side, and Islam, fundamentalism, obedience, bigotry, and limitation on the other side. Assad emphasizes the violation cases that exist in the functioning and existing laws of modern societies. However, he should have taken a critical analytical approach to the perfectionism inherent in the views of Western thinkers, especially in liberal discourse, as a violation of the moral neutrality they claim. Saba Mahmoud rejects the claim of separation of religion from politics by emphasizing modern discourse and underlines the bias of the Western critical tradition. His discussion complements the issues that Talal al-Assad seeks.
Anthropology
Amir Qorbanpoor Lafmejani
Abstract
Lifestyle, which determines a person’s orientation to life, was first introduced in psychology by Alfred Adler. Adler's anthropological perspective, has influenced the formation of the concept of lifestyle. According to Adler, man is a social being whose most important motivation is to overcome ...
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Lifestyle, which determines a person’s orientation to life, was first introduced in psychology by Alfred Adler. Adler's anthropological perspective, has influenced the formation of the concept of lifestyle. According to Adler, man is a social being whose most important motivation is to overcome inferiority and attain perfection in life, by relying on free will. Also, man is inherently neutral to moral values, and moral values are not real. According to the anthropological view of this theorist and the social and cultural conditions of his life, which is fundamentally different from the Iranian Islamic society, it is necessary to criticize and examine this theory according to the intellectual foundations of Islam. From the Islamic point of view, man is a two-dimensional being whose relation is not limited to the social environment and is also related to himself, God, and nature. Also, the human will is in line with the will of God, and as a result of this will, he is responsible for his behaviors. According to Islam, the purpose of life is to worship and a nearness to God. That is, if all the behaviors of a Muslim man are for God and His pleasure, that is, his intention to do things is only God’s pleasure, he will approach God, and the purpose of his creation will be achieved.
History
Maryam Doalatraftar Haghighi; Mohammad Sepehri
Abstract
The works written in Samanid’s period in the field of history are partly the continuation of simple writing in the late second century A.H. The prose by a number of historians in the Samanid Period is artifact and the authors just tried to praise the ruler’s emirs and ministers exaggeratedly. ...
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The works written in Samanid’s period in the field of history are partly the continuation of simple writing in the late second century A.H. The prose by a number of historians in the Samanid Period is artifact and the authors just tried to praise the ruler’s emirs and ministers exaggeratedly. They counted them as the right kings of time. Historiography in this period was mostly based on personal observation, and for this reason access to the documents belonging to this period is very important. The main questions of this research are as follows: what are the essential features of historiography in the Samanid’s Period? What are the strengths and weaknesses of the best historical sources in this Period? This research explains the strong and weak points of historiography in the Samanid’s Period and also tries to identify the main features of historical sources within this era. Among the important features of Islamic historiography in this Period, the cultural and civilizational attitude of historians, holistic historiography, the appearance of rationalist analytical and educational attitude, combining various sciences such as History, Geography, Astronomy, and knowledge about different science and fields can be mentioned. Some other things that we can see in the historical compilations of this period are: starting to translate (Balamy historiography), avoiding the methods of news compilation based on the principles and traditions of Hadith records and also the appearance of new methods of historiography (local history like history of Bokhara). In general, the boom of historiography and the appearance of some important historical works in the period of Samanid are achieved through a variety of factors in the realm of this Iranian Family.
Sociology
SeyedSaeid ZahedZahedani
Volume 18, Issue 12 , June 2019, , Pages 157-180
Abstract
This book follows a political development in the Middle East. After World War II, at the time of the U.S. investments in Europe and the third world countries, development became a subject of study in social sciences. According to Modernization Theories, political development should follow economic ...
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This book follows a political development in the Middle East. After World War II, at the time of the U.S. investments in Europe and the third world countries, development became a subject of study in social sciences. According to Modernization Theories, political development should follow economic and cultural developments. Mostly at this phase, Islamic societies resist development because of its secular, humanist, and experimental sciences bases. Thereby, development confronts challenges in Islamic countries. Articles of this book explain hardships of liberal democracy in Islamic countries and suggest some solutions. They believe there should be negotiations between Iran and the U.S., the top powers of the region, in order to avoid conflicts. Other suggestions are the interpretation of religious texts according to liberal principles, promotion of gender equality, and enhancement of women's' participation in social life.
History
Rohullah Bahrami
Volume 18, Issue 1 , April 2018, , Pages 23-43
Abstract
“The Islam of Sufis” is the title of a book authored by the Tunisian writer, Mohammad Tayeb, on the Tasawwuf and Irfan. Our purpose is not only to introduce and scrutinize the book but also to revise and criticize its contents. Therefore, characteristics such as general structure, ...
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“The Islam of Sufis” is the title of a book authored by the Tunisian writer, Mohammad Tayeb, on the Tasawwuf and Irfan. Our purpose is not only to introduce and scrutinize the book but also to revise and criticize its contents. Therefore, characteristics such as general structure, outline, adjustment, publication, introductory aims and theoretical themes, discussions, conclusions, and cited references are addressed. Moreover, the author’s methodological approach and his analytical logic or reasoning, along with drawbacks of the work, are discussed. Methodologically, the hermeneutic approach of Sufism Islam, lack of paying attention to the geographic extension of Tasawwuf and the variety of Sufism movements, lack of genealogical and critical attitude to the origins of Sufism thoughts, and taking the Tasawwuf as a kind of Islamic religion (Sufism Islam) are the most notable criticized issues.
Philosophy
Maryam Saneapour
Volume 17, Issue 7 , January 2018, , Pages 55-76
Abstract
This article introduces, analyzes, and criticizes the book entitled: "An Introduction to Sufism, the Inner Path of Islam" written by Eric Geoffroy and translated from French to English by Roger Gaetani. Geoffroy, in this work, explains the inner spirituality of Islam. He has studied Sufism from many ...
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This article introduces, analyzes, and criticizes the book entitled: "An Introduction to Sufism, the Inner Path of Islam" written by Eric Geoffroy and translated from French to English by Roger Gaetani. Geoffroy, in this work, explains the inner spirituality of Islam. He has studied Sufism from many aspects and reviewed the origins of the Islamic Mysticism up to present. The author has used Sufism as a magnifier, and he has observed a unique spirituality which is existed in all the inner forms of Islam.One of the advantages of this book is its wide historical perspective which considers the most important Sufi dervishes from the early days of Sufism formation up to now. Moreover, Geoffroy has studied the discussions, theories, and practices which caused to form Sufism fairly and accurately. In this book, the global and unifying aspects of Sufism which can contrast with radical sectarianisms have been highlighted. Geoffroy has attempted to make a balance between the early Islamic mystics like special treatment of the subject balances the voices of long ago as Ibn Arabi, Rumi, Hallaj, etc. and the contemporary mystics.In this article, the most important issues of the book have been emphasized, and their positive or negative aspects have been reviewed.
Philosophy
Abdurrazzaq Hesamifar
Volume 14, Issue 31 , October 2014, , Pages 1-11
Abstract
Abstract: The relation between science and religion is one of the most important issues that is discussed in the philosophy of science and the philosophy of religion and it is regarded in two fields: the human demand to both of them and the confrontation of their propositions in describing the laws of ...
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Abstract: The relation between science and religion is one of the most important issues that is discussed in the philosophy of science and the philosophy of religion and it is regarded in two fields: the human demand to both of them and the confrontation of their propositions in describing the laws of nature. This issue was not out of the domain of the deeply assessing of Motahhari and his dealing with it can be traced in his books; the work that has been done by Motahhari’s attitude to the science and religion. In this book, writer tries to present Motahhari’s view on the issue according to his books. He has discussed it in two ways: the relation between science and faith and emphasis on human’s demand to both of them and the conflict between science and religion. Religion, in his view, is fixed and certain while science is variable and uncertain. The target of this article is to review the book and to suggest some revisions for it
Persian Language and Literature
Mehdi Dashti
Volume 14, Issue 30 , September 2014, , Pages 35-55
Abstract
This paper is provided whit the aim of review and critique of "comparative review of religion and mythology in Shahnameh of Ferdowsi, Khamseh of Nezami and Mantiq Al-Tayr of Attar" written by Dr.H.Zomorrodi professor at The University Of Tehran. The Results of this study , primarily is that the basis ...
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This paper is provided whit the aim of review and critique of "comparative review of religion and mythology in Shahnameh of Ferdowsi, Khamseh of Nezami and Mantiq Al-Tayr of Attar" written by Dr.H.Zomorrodi professor at The University Of Tehran. The Results of this study , primarily is that the basis of the author in this book, is accepting an irrational and unscientific theory from some Western about religions and myths and their relationship with each other and how they are emerged, have been expressed. Second, Methods of author 's research is not based on the scientific methods , because on whole of the book, in each part, the author first brings some contents of the myths of various nations and then by cutting verses of Shahnameh or Khamseh or Mantiq Al-Tayr inspires that those texts are affected by those myths and they are revealed . Third, is the author’s neglect in connection with the Ferdowsi , Nizami and Attar and their firm as a conscious belief in Islam and Islamic culture manifested that seen in their workd from place to place which is totally different with myths and theories are the so-called mythology . The results of the author 's work is an attempt to show that there is a similarity between the great texts of Persian classical literature and the ideological view of Western Mythologists, and that they are nothing but Asatir Al-Avvalin.
