Foreign Languages
Nahid Akbarzadeh; Janolah Karimi Motahhar
Abstract
The late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries were the time for the formation of new schools of art in Europe. The rise of realism was the result of fundamental changes in the understanding of the world and a fundamental revision of the relationship between man and the world. In post-labor Europe, ...
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The late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries were the time for the formation of new schools of art in Europe. The rise of realism was the result of fundamental changes in the understanding of the world and a fundamental revision of the relationship between man and the world. In post-labor Europe, the approach of writers and poets, previously based on reason (classics) or on individual fantasies (romantics), changes dramatically and the individual's confrontation with his surroundings became the main subject of this literary school. Realism portrayed the collective feelings and realities around it. This literary school was divided into different branches, including magical realism, bourgeois, critical, surrealism, and so on. The traces of this literary school are also evident in the works of Iranian writers. Iran underwent fundamental political, social, and cultural changes in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Therefore, literary movements in Iran have undergone important changes. Following the Constitutional Revolution, land reform, the entry of the printing industry, translation of literary works, etc., the language and style of writing in Iran changed. Folk, fluent, simple, and humorous language replaced the court and official language. Short stories, footnotes, and socio-historical novels replaced didactic literature and mystical theology.
Foreign Languages
Mostafa Hosseini
Abstract
The Effect of Persian Literature on English Literature written by Hassan Javadi is one of the sources of the course Generalities of Comparative Literature. This book addresses the effect of Persian literature on English literature from the late middle ages to the end of the twentieth century. The present ...
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The Effect of Persian Literature on English Literature written by Hassan Javadi is one of the sources of the course Generalities of Comparative Literature. This book addresses the effect of Persian literature on English literature from the late middle ages to the end of the twentieth century. The present book falls within the framework of comparative literature, especially the French school because Javadi mentioned these sources one by one and provided sufficient evidence and documentation on the basis of valid and first hand sources. Studying the literary relationships, especially the effectiveness and affectedness of writers and poets, in the language and literature of various countries is one of the most important areas of research of the French comparative school. The present article investigates this book in the realm of comparative literature and has three main sections: The first section introduces the work and its author and the position of this book compared to similar books and identifies its strengths and weaknesses. The second section addresses the formal analysis of the book and discusses its drawbacks and shortcomings and the third section investigates the content analysis.