History
Sayyid Abolfazl Razavi; Hossein Hozhabrian
Abstract
The era of Ilkhanid's rule, according to historical requirements, was accompanied by the growth of Persian historiography. Numerous historiographical works that appeared in the Ilkhanids realm and on the other hand in the realm of the Mamluks have strengthened the record of Islamic-Iranian historiography ...
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The era of Ilkhanid's rule, according to historical requirements, was accompanied by the growth of Persian historiography. Numerous historiographical works that appeared in the Ilkhanids realm and on the other hand in the realm of the Mamluks have strengthened the record of Islamic-Iranian historiography and eased the way for understanding the history of this era. Among them, Wassaf, a literate-historian who has used a different method in presenting historical interpretations in literary style and historical structure played a special role. The book Life, Time and Historiography of Wassaf is important because it deals with such a historian and has been studied for this reason. The critique of this book is done by the distinction between the two concepts; explanation and interpretation, as well as differing concepts of historian and history-researcher, further the attention to both negative and positive approaches, pursues this goal to show that there is a difference between understanding of history and historiography and current interpretive understanding of the historian’s explanation, should not be considered historiography.
History
Nematollah Zakipour
Abstract
By Adopting a critical approach to reading text, the present article examines and evaluates the book Historiography and its Developments in Iran and the World, a joint work of Hossein Mirjafari and Abbas Ashouri-Nejad. The book reviewed in this article, which is dedicated to Payame Noor University as ...
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By Adopting a critical approach to reading text, the present article examines and evaluates the book Historiography and its Developments in Iran and the World, a joint work of Hossein Mirjafari and Abbas Ashouri-Nejad. The book reviewed in this article, which is dedicated to Payame Noor University as a textbook on "Historiography and its Developments in Iran and the World" as a sourcebook at the undergraduate level in history, is no exception to this rule. Academic textbooks are expected to meet the required scientific standards. Despite the authors' efforts to compile a documentary on historiography, this book has some drawbacks including lack of a detailed table of contents, index, typographical errors, poor writing and grammar, the indentation of some sentences, poor citation and documentation, lack of separation of sources in the bibliography, etc. In terms of the content, formal considerations and lack of explanation of terms and concepts, improper use of first-hand sources, unbalanced volume of the sections, the existence of clichéd content, etc. are also observed. The author of the article tries to review and evaluate the book and explain its strengths and weakness, to present his suggestions to the authors and the textbook publishing council in order to increase the scientific-educational aspect of this book and its structured quality.
Methodology
Mohsen Alviri
Abstract
Thinking about history has increased and gained a wide range of changes in recent decades. If we consider the “Philosophy of History” to be the result of these changes, given the almost great distance between us Iranians and the world level of these studies, the importance of the methodical ...
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Thinking about history has increased and gained a wide range of changes in recent decades. If we consider the “Philosophy of History” to be the result of these changes, given the almost great distance between us Iranians and the world level of these studies, the importance of the methodical awareness of new studies and approaches in this issue becomes clear. “History by Narrative of Philosophy: From Herodotus to Alain Badiou”, deserves to be read as an outstanding book in this field because of its characteristics. This article is a critical review of the book in the following topics: the ambiguity of the book’s title, the divergent multiplicity of the book’s purpose, the confusion in the chapters and sub-chapters, the ambiguity of the position of this book among the other works in this field, the obvious lack of paying attention to the Eastern and Islamic heritage, Confusion and inconsistency of the terms related to the currents of thought and finally ambiguity in new definition of history. After reflecting on the technical and editorial aspects of the work, the paper concludes that although the book fails to distinguish between the philosophical narrative of history and narrative of the philosophy of history, and so it has been far from the conventional mentality of historians, but it has many useful benefits for them.
Art
Majid Sarsangi; Sadeq Rashidi; Farhad Amini
Abstract
The book of the Theatre in Safavid Period by Yaghoob Azhand is a work that historically mentions the theatrical performances common in the Safavid period and the origins and backgrounds of these practices, and is therefore of particular interest to historians. In this article, first, by briefly comparing ...
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The book of the Theatre in Safavid Period by Yaghoob Azhand is a work that historically mentions the theatrical performances common in the Safavid period and the origins and backgrounds of these practices, and is therefore of particular interest to historians. In this article, first, by briefly comparing this work with some other works published in the field of history of theater in Iran, we outline its place among these exegetical works and its distinguished aspects. In the following, while reviewing the method of segmenting the method of presenting this historiography and comparing it with the conventional methods of theater historiography, we have criticized this work as a work in the field of Iranian theater history. In the same way, using the theory of performance, some of the species mentioned in this work have been examined as executive types, and their strengths and weaknesses have been expressed. Finally, by examining the general approach of the work in relation to the historiography of the play, the work’s status is evaluated as an academic work.
Methodology
Mohsen Morsalpour
Abstract
The book, Historiography: An Introduction, written in seven chapters by Roger Spalding and Cristopher Parker has studied various issues in the field of historiography and has explored contents on the philosophy of history and the method of research in history. The authors place their emphasis on the ...
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The book, Historiography: An Introduction, written in seven chapters by Roger Spalding and Cristopher Parker has studied various issues in the field of historiography and has explored contents on the philosophy of history and the method of research in history. The authors place their emphasis on the science of history (history as a report) and consider the essential components of historical inquiry as the study of historical and intellectual schools. The authors have, therefore, studied schools such as the Whig historiography, progressive Idea, National Socialism, Gender in history, Marxism, and cultural history. These sections can be a model for studying historical and intellectual schools. In addition, writers have written about undergraduate essay writing tips that are useful for students. The present article, using an analytical approach, critically reviews the book and concludes that despite its weaknesses, defects of writer’s theories, and limited perspective, it is a useful guide for undergraduate essay writing and a good model for studying historical schools.
History
Maryam Doalatraftar Haghighi; Mohammad Sepehri
Abstract
The works written in Samanid’s period in the field of history are partly the continuation of simple writing in the late second century A.H. The prose by a number of historians in the Samanid Period is artifact and the authors just tried to praise the ruler’s emirs and ministers exaggeratedly. ...
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The works written in Samanid’s period in the field of history are partly the continuation of simple writing in the late second century A.H. The prose by a number of historians in the Samanid Period is artifact and the authors just tried to praise the ruler’s emirs and ministers exaggeratedly. They counted them as the right kings of time. Historiography in this period was mostly based on personal observation, and for this reason access to the documents belonging to this period is very important. The main questions of this research are as follows: what are the essential features of historiography in the Samanid’s Period? What are the strengths and weaknesses of the best historical sources in this Period? This research explains the strong and weak points of historiography in the Samanid’s Period and also tries to identify the main features of historical sources within this era. Among the important features of Islamic historiography in this Period, the cultural and civilizational attitude of historians, holistic historiography, the appearance of rationalist analytical and educational attitude, combining various sciences such as History, Geography, Astronomy, and knowledge about different science and fields can be mentioned. Some other things that we can see in the historical compilations of this period are: starting to translate (Balamy historiography), avoiding the methods of news compilation based on the principles and traditions of Hadith records and also the appearance of new methods of historiography (local history like history of Bokhara). In general, the boom of historiography and the appearance of some important historical works in the period of Samanid are achieved through a variety of factors in the realm of this Iranian Family.
History
moslem soleimanian; siavsh yari; Zoleikha Amini
Abstract
The history of Abbasid era is the focus of attention from different angles, but previous studies have rarely dealt with it. This work has been considered and investigated as a political work so far. By traditionally scrutinizing the context of this book and critical analysis, one can realize other ...
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The history of Abbasid era is the focus of attention from different angles, but previous studies have rarely dealt with it. This work has been considered and investigated as a political work so far. By traditionally scrutinizing the context of this book and critical analysis, one can realize other existing aspects than Askandarbeig Monshi incidents. Though Abassid period history is the continuation of the Islamic Iranian histographic heritage, the basic approaches in this way of historiography should be sought in Iranian Islamic history heritage. Relying upon the critical discourse, the writers of the present study have made the most attempts to deal with more important issues such as history stimulant, insight identification, fatalism, and other social relations in Askandarbeig Monshi to be responded in Abassid period history. The results of the current investigation reveal that Askandarbeig Monshi has interpreted the events with relying on the same theology, heroic, and political approaches; besides, he has known the history instigator as the God given manifestation by Safavid kings. Undoubtedly his work can be considered as a scares study in the realm of perspicacity and theology. It has been far more exceedingly than other Iranian traditional historians so that his work is a somehow considerable work in the field of historical society by introducing the low-level pundits of Safavid dynasty.
History
Abolhasan Fayaz Anush
Abstract
It is said that the relationship between history and theory is like “the deaf dialog”. It means that there are incongruous interests between them, and maybe the interpretation itself, causes an inconsistent relation between historians and theorists. The present paper explains that every historian ...
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It is said that the relationship between history and theory is like “the deaf dialog”. It means that there are incongruous interests between them, and maybe the interpretation itself, causes an inconsistent relation between historians and theorists. The present paper explains that every historian needs to have a theoretical base for writing and studying history. Then, it emphasizes that to criticize the historical works the critics must be aware of the theoretical base they criticize, and they themselves have to adopt a specific theoretical base. So, every theoretical base is pertinent to the metahistorical field, and it means that the historians who theorize have to attend to necessaries more than facts gathering. Therefore, the most necessary debate is an explanation of the relationship between the critique of history and metahistory. The paper analyzes different levels of historical knowledge to explain the relationship.
History
Behzad Karimi
Volume 18, Issue 10 , February 2019, , Pages 231-252
Abstract
The main purpose of this article is to analyze and criticize the ideological ideas of the historiography of Shah Isma'il I Safavid in the book of Iran in the Safavid Era by Ali Akbar Velayati. This book is organized in 656 pages, in one introduction and five chapters, with the aim of examining ...
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The main purpose of this article is to analyze and criticize the ideological ideas of the historiography of Shah Isma'il I Safavid in the book of Iran in the Safavid Era by Ali Akbar Velayati. This book is organized in 656 pages, in one introduction and five chapters, with the aim of examining Iranian history during the Safavid Era. Before attempting to enter the main part of the article, the author has tried to draw up a record of the use of ideological approaches in the history of the Safavid Era. In this way, there are two general and ideological critical and formal approaches that can be explicitly taken from political or religious ideas behind both. From the author's point of view, the history of Iran in the Safavid Era is based on works that can be considered as ideological official works. Given the importance of the Safavid history in two types of critical and official ideological historiography, the author has tried to identify and extract the official ideological agenda in the book, focusing on the period of Shah Isma'il I. In this way, the author, while criticizing the sources of study data, has tried to classify events that have undergone ideological readings based on first-hand resources and then analyze according to the identified agenda.
History
Sayyed Abolfazl Razavi
Volume 18, Issue 1 , April 2018, , Pages 185-202
Abstract
The present paper, paying attention to the relation between «history» and «historiography» concepts, aims to review the internal and external features of the book "Persian Historiography to the End of the Twelfth Century" which is authored by Julie Scott Meisami. Meisami studies ...
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The present paper, paying attention to the relation between «history» and «historiography» concepts, aims to review the internal and external features of the book "Persian Historiography to the End of the Twelfth Century" which is authored by Julie Scott Meisami. Meisami studies and interprets historiographical insights of historians of the Samanid and Ghaznavid and Seljuks era from her point of view, and subject which has been elaborated by her in process of evaluation of Persian historiography. But, the point is that how much this researcher of history and literature arena could perceive the historiographical discourse of Iran in middle age, and her book came up with new horizon in historiography arena. Meisami's book has been criticized with positive and negative approaches together and from all aspects follows dynamic of history science. Thus, besides introducing the book’s subjects and expressing the surveying position, the purpose is to criticize its subjects. The problem is to see whether Meisami has methodical approaches in drafting and surveying, and if the answer is positive, how much she was committed to methodological and epistemological bases.
History
Reza Taherkhani; Mohammad sepehri
Volume 18, Issue 1 , April 2018, , Pages 235-257
Abstract
There are not enough main references and contexts related to Aghkoyunlular era despite political and cultural revolution of Iran in their sovereignty in the second part of ninth century AH and whatever had been recognized until now is not published critically. The works have been compiled in the Field ...
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There are not enough main references and contexts related to Aghkoyunlular era despite political and cultural revolution of Iran in their sovereignty in the second part of ninth century AH and whatever had been recognized until now is not published critically. The works have been compiled in the Field of Historiography in this era, which was a continuation of simple writing through late seventh century AH. Historians’ works of this era are synthetic and technical. The writers have exaggerated about the praise of Aghkoyunlular Turkmen, and they have called them the best Islamic governors of the era. The histories of this era are complementary of one another and its historiography is based on personal observations and documentaries of that era. Therefor, It is so important, so the main question of the present study is to see what the strong and weak points of Aghkoyunlulars historians works are. It is seen that the present study could determine the principles, cosmology rules, strong and weak points of Historiography of this era. Descriptive–analytical method was used in this study.
political science
Majid Hosseini; Meisam Ghahreman
Volume 17, Issue 8 , January 2018, , Pages 129-149
Abstract
In this article, we have dealt with a critique and the relationship between terror and contemplation based on the Eagleton, Habermas, Derrida, Chomsky' viewpoints in the book" terror and contemplation". Since the present book revolves around different and sometimes opposite viewpoints about controversial ...
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In this article, we have dealt with a critique and the relationship between terror and contemplation based on the Eagleton, Habermas, Derrida, Chomsky' viewpoints in the book" terror and contemplation". Since the present book revolves around different and sometimes opposite viewpoints about controversial ideas in political sciences (terror and contemplation), a theoretical challenge about a single phenomenon (such as September 11th event) is introduced to the readers; therefore, a complicated mentality is provided for readers to reflect more on the twisted societal phenomena. In a general criticism, all of the above-mentioned viewpoints about a historiography of a terrorist event (each one from a specific perspective) have their own defects, and this has been acting as a block against making a comparison between terror and contemplation; consequently, it leads to better understand the phenomenon with different dimensions, and in the critiques, an attempt has been made to pay attention to it.
