political science
Mohammad Shojaiyan
Abstract
In Spheres of Justice Walzer offers an explanation of the principles of distributive justice based on an understanding of the meanings of the various social good. This explanation of justice is “pluralistic” and based on the idea of “complex equality.” Walzer’s point is ...
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In Spheres of Justice Walzer offers an explanation of the principles of distributive justice based on an understanding of the meanings of the various social good. This explanation of justice is “pluralistic” and based on the idea of “complex equality.” Walzer’s point is that each area of social life has its own criteria for distributing social good, and one area should not be extended to other areas. The opposite of Walzer’s ideal justice is coercion and domination, which means the domination of the standard of justice in one area over other areas of social life. The diversity of the principles of the distribution of social good, the attempt to reconcile pluralism and equality, and the opposition to the domination of capital over the realm of political power are among the highlights of Walzer”s theory of justice. Walzer’s critics, on the other hand, argue that Walzer’s conservative nature makes him unable to take a clear critical stance on the wrong ways of distributing social good. Lack of a clear criterion for understanding the social criteria of the distribution of goods, the relativity of social meanings, and inability to provide a criterion for criticizing incorrect methods in the distribution of social good are among the most important criticisms of Walzer’s theory of justice.
political science
Seyed Reza Mousavi
Abstract
Equality and Partiality is authored by American (with a Serbian descent) philosopher Thomas Nagle in political philosophy. In this book, the author tries to create a logical correlation between personal and non-personal goods, and by so doing he hopes to have unknotted the moral implications of ...
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Equality and Partiality is authored by American (with a Serbian descent) philosopher Thomas Nagle in political philosophy. In this book, the author tries to create a logical correlation between personal and non-personal goods, and by so doing he hopes to have unknotted the moral implications of partiality between these two concepts both in theory and in practice. In the practical sphere, Nagle puts more emphasis on economic aspects of equality among citizens than on the cultural, political, and social aspects. This paper examines Equality and Partiality in three sections. It first concerns itself with the structure and appearance of the book, then it discusses the position of Nagle and his book in modern political philosophy, and it finally analyzes the content of the book and evaluates the achievement of the Nagle’s book in defending the school of impartiality especially on economic grounds. Nagle’s efforts focus on identifying the problems from his own personal and impersonal views about the social and economic inequality, with the equal presuppositions. Of course, these efforts have not led to clear-cut solutions.
