political science
Seyede Motahare Hosseyni
Abstract
The works written about Russia are few and mostly have literary, political, journalistic, or security genres. The book “Society and Culture of Russia” has tried to have a general and comprehensive look at the topic of culture in Russian society, which has received less attention in Russian ...
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The works written about Russia are few and mostly have literary, political, journalistic, or security genres. The book “Society and Culture of Russia” has tried to have a general and comprehensive look at the topic of culture in Russian society, which has received less attention in Russian studies. After introducing the book and the author, this article has criticized and analyzed the author's attention to the topic of Russian society and culture. For this purpose, the background and origin of the work have been examined, then with internal structural criticism, the degree of coherence and logical order of the work and its appearance, grammatical and typographical problems have been analyzed. It also deals with its methodology and also explains its content strengths. In the following, extra-structural (basic) criticism of the book is made, and after analyzing and checking the degree of harmony of the contents of the work with its assumed principles and foundations and stating the existing strengths and contradictions, the degree of connection and challenge of the contents of the work with religious and Islamic foundations and principles is discussed.
Anthropology
Leila Ardebili
Abstract
Linguistic anthropology, as one of the most important subfields of anthropology, seeks to examine how language, as a social entity, plays an active role in the life of a society and encodes various aspects of social relations in a society. This branch of science, which is interdisciplinary in essence, ...
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Linguistic anthropology, as one of the most important subfields of anthropology, seeks to examine how language, as a social entity, plays an active role in the life of a society and encodes various aspects of social relations in a society. This branch of science, which is interdisciplinary in essence, tries to study the linguistic phenomena in a social context instead of in a vacuum, and thus decipher the hidden social components behind the use of different linguistic levels, from phonology and lexicography to syntax and semantics. The present article critically examines “Living Language: An Introduction to the Anthropological Linguistics” written by Laura M. Ahearn aims to show how the hidden social spheres of language, such as culture, thought, socialization, gender, race, ethnicity, power, etc. can be studied in terms of linguistic use in different contexts. By considering language as a map, we can find a way to understand the society in question.
Art
Zahra Hosseinabadi; Zahra Hosseinabadi
Abstract
“Shohaz” is a collection of essays by Abdul Salam Bozorgzadeh, a cultural activist in Sistan and Baluchestan province of Iran. This book has been written with the aim of introducing the arts and customs of the people of this region and examining the limitations surrounding the development ...
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“Shohaz” is a collection of essays by Abdul Salam Bozorgzadeh, a cultural activist in Sistan and Baluchestan province of Iran. This book has been written with the aim of introducing the arts and customs of the people of this region and examining the limitations surrounding the development of this province. The distribution of the Baluch population, as a native ethnic group in Iran, is more in the southern part of the province. The people of these regions have unique cultural characteristics in areas such as clothing, music, celebrations, language, and customs. So far, little has been done to record issues related to Balochistan culture and art. “Shohaz” book is one of the books that has tried to introduce and record the culture and art of this region. The purpose of the present study, while briefly introducing this book, is to formally critique and analyze its content in a descriptive-analytical manner. The results show that the present book has been successful in providing information about Baluchi art and literature. Lack of logical coherence between essays, unclear target audience, grammatical and spelling mistakes, use of other people's content without citation and weak content are some of the drawbacks of the book. Nevertheless, the author's cultural concerns and efforts to introduce Balochistan are acknowledgeable.
Linguistics and Ancient Languages
Saleh Tabatabai; Arsalan Golfam
Abstract
Because of its clear presentation of topics, comprehensive scope and its illustrative application of theories, Language, Mind and Culture: A Practical Introduction by Zoltán Kövecses has secured its place as a textbook of Cognitive Linguistics. That is why the book has been translated into ...
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Because of its clear presentation of topics, comprehensive scope and its illustrative application of theories, Language, Mind and Culture: A Practical Introduction by Zoltán Kövecses has secured its place as a textbook of Cognitive Linguistics. That is why the book has been translated into Persian. However, its erroneous Persian translation has not managed to preserve the original book’s merits and has sometimes misinformed or even misled the reader. Most of the problems with the Persian translation constitute formal defects, including conspicuous misspellings and wrong equivalents for proper nouns, and content mistakes, including wrong renderings of general and technical terms and incorrect translations that produced vague or even unintelligible sentences. After giving a broad outline of the original and its contents, the present review has enumerated the various types of the defects in its Persian translation with numerous examples in order to illustrate and correct some of its critical flaws and also to put forward a proposal for the total revision of the translation.
Management and Policy Making
Rasoul Ranjbarian; Zainab Delrobaei
Abstract
One of the best ways to maintain knowledge and efficiency of knowledge capital is knowledge management. Knowledge management is a management tool and the process of creating value from the invisible assets of the organization. The purpose of this article is to critically review the book Fundamentals ...
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One of the best ways to maintain knowledge and efficiency of knowledge capital is knowledge management. Knowledge management is a management tool and the process of creating value from the invisible assets of the organization. The purpose of this article is to critically review the book Fundamentals and Theory of Religious Knowledge Management and its Applications by Hassan Ali Nemati Shamsabad. In this article, an attempt was made to critically and unbiasedly critique the book with a descriptive-analytical approach, citing evidence and documents based on the evaluation criteria introduced by the Council for the Review of Humanities Texts and Books. The tool of critique of the worksheet was the critique of the textbooks and academic books of the Council for the Review of Humanities Texts and Books. Criticisms were presented in both form and content. Accordingly, the main strengths of the book are the comprehensiveness of the content, systematic approach, coherent and structured view of the issues, compatibility of the work with Islamic wisdom and modeling in scientific-academic sources according to Islamic sources. One of the shortcomings and points that can be improved in the book is that it has a theoretical rather than practical effect. This article tries to add to the richness of the book's topics by looking critically at the formal and content dimensions of the work and relying on research citations.
Philosophy
Mahdi Abootalebi Yazdi; Ali Moradkhani; Meysam Sefid Khosh
Abstract
The basis of the theory of secularism is that as modernity progresses (a set of phenomena including science, technology, and rational forms of authority), the influence of religion gradually diminishes, but Charles Taylor argues that the modern world not only hasn’t destroyed religion, but also ...
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The basis of the theory of secularism is that as modernity progresses (a set of phenomena including science, technology, and rational forms of authority), the influence of religion gradually diminishes, but Charles Taylor argues that the modern world not only hasn’t destroyed religion, but also in many cases, has led to its growth and development. The book The Secular Age is a detail of his views on secularism. Taylor talks about situations in the past where belief in God was pervasive, but things developed in such a way that belief in God became an option among other options. He describes the process of spreading secularism in the new West and what has happened to religion. In this process, for the religious, "God" and for the non-religious, "reason" describes perfection. This article, with a brief look at Taylor's work, examines the movement of the West (Western Europe and North America) from religious societies to secular societies, and after analyzing Taylor's theory of secularism, critiques and summarizes his ideas.
Sociology
Asghar Izadi-Jeiran
Abstract
The relationship between individual and culture as the main subject in psychological anthropology had been engaged anthropologists from the early days of the discipline. Culture and Identity: The History, Theory, and Practice of Psychological Anthropology (second edition, 2007) by Charles Lindholm is ...
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The relationship between individual and culture as the main subject in psychological anthropology had been engaged anthropologists from the early days of the discipline. Culture and Identity: The History, Theory, and Practice of Psychological Anthropology (second edition, 2007) by Charles Lindholm is one of the best and most comprehensive resources in this field. The book is organized into five sections, with thirteen chapters. Lindholm began the book by exploring of self and individual in the culture and thought of the West, then turn to anthropology to show its contribution through ethnographic research. Some classic subjects of psychology such as self, thinking, emotions, and mental disorders are discussed by reference to anthropological legacy. Culture and Identity has many strengths including a good and concise review of philosophical approaches, extensive use of data of anthropological fieldworks, grounding the discussions of psychological anthropology in the broader contexts of some events in the scientific community, comprehensiveness of bibliography, and combining theory with experimental examples.
political science
Mokhtar Nouri; Ghodrat Ahmadian
Abstract
The book Virtuous Life in the Secular Age is the work of the Iranian thinker Farhang Rajaee and the Canadian philosopher Charles Taylor. This book is written based on a common concern between the two thinkers. This common concern is the relationship between "religion and modernity" and the possibility ...
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The book Virtuous Life in the Secular Age is the work of the Iranian thinker Farhang Rajaee and the Canadian philosopher Charles Taylor. This book is written based on a common concern between the two thinkers. This common concern is the relationship between "religion and modernity" and the possibility of a religious life in the modern world. The book is a combination of authorship and translation and written in the Framework of Thomas Springs. In the present article, while introducing and reviewing the mentioned work, its critique and critical evaluation will be on the author’s agenda. Criticism of the work indicates that methodologically the work has not been able to implement the four stages of Springs. Therefore, the most important critique of the present work can be considered a "methodological" critique.
Philosophy
Mohammad Reza Ahmadi Tabatabai
Abstract
Addressing the issue of the philosophy of war difficult. In other words, the relationship between Philosophy and war seems to be a difficult one. Alexander Moseley is a Political Philosophy Editor for the IEP (Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy and he has lectured on the Philosophy and morality of war ...
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Addressing the issue of the philosophy of war difficult. In other words, the relationship between Philosophy and war seems to be a difficult one. Alexander Moseley is a Political Philosophy Editor for the IEP (Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy and he has lectured on the Philosophy and morality of war at several British universities. In his book called The Philosophy of War, he explained why humans fight against each other? He said, what I hope to establish in this work is that the Principles of war’s origins involve all aspects of our nature, culture, and thinking. We fight because we believe in fighting, and our beliefs have to change if we wish to abandon war. The research method in this book and this article is analytical and philosophical. The main question in “The Philosophy of War” is why humans fight and how through changing their beliefs and attitudes toward this devastating and ominous event, they can stand against humans and governments.
Art
Ali asghar kalantar; Sadeq Rashidi
Abstract
The aim of this article is to critically review the content and form of a book on Islamic Art (collection of essays and lectures). This book is one of the basic books on Islamic art discourse with different approaches. The authors of this book have sought to study the nature of Islamic art, through theoretical ...
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The aim of this article is to critically review the content and form of a book on Islamic Art (collection of essays and lectures). This book is one of the basic books on Islamic art discourse with different approaches. The authors of this book have sought to study the nature of Islamic art, through theoretical discussions in the context of historiographical, jurisprudential, mystical, sociological, semiotic, and hermeneutic attitudes. The main issue of this paper is to raise the fundamental question of how mystical and judgmental approaches to traditionalist discourse as well as historical approaches to descriptive discourse can analyze and interpret Islamic art and thus open the door to understanding and understanding the complexities of Islamic art discourse. We reveal the formation. The importance and critical importance of a critical look at Islamic art textbooks for a more detailed analysis as well as explaining the mechanisms and characteristics of the various approaches to Islamic art discourse analysis seem significant. For this reason, it is necessary to demonstrate the importance of the book in question by revealing its analytical functions aimed at guiding audiences and students concerned with Islamic art studies.
political science
Mohammad Mehdi Ardebili
Abstract
Hegel and Nietzsche are mainly represented as two opposing poles in the nineteenth-century intellectual and philosophical sphere. Nietzsche has been introduced as the fierce critique of the Hegelian dialectic and the radical opposite to the modern metaphysics that Hegel was represented. This image has ...
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Hegel and Nietzsche are mainly represented as two opposing poles in the nineteenth-century intellectual and philosophical sphere. Nietzsche has been introduced as the fierce critique of the Hegelian dialectic and the radical opposite to the modern metaphysics that Hegel was represented. This image has gradually faded away since the second half of the twentieth century. Although Hegel is the peak of modern metaphysics and Nietzsche as the initiator of postmodernism, criticizing metaphysics, but the philosophical similarities and conceptualizations of these two figures show the falsification or at least the inadequacy of this modern/postmodern duality. In spite of some superficial perceptions, Hegel and Nietzsche are very close in their intellectual and philosophical foundations. We can read Hegel by Nietzsche and Nietzsche by Hegel. This is the goal Elliot Jurist has outlined in Beyond Hegel and Nietzsche: Philosophy, Culture, and Agency. But for doing so, he put the concept underlying his work, which is very important for both philosophers: the concept of culture. The present article will review the book from three perspectives: First, a formal critique of the work; second, a critique of the author's general approach and, finally, a critique of the Persian translation of the book and his approach.
Foreign Languages
tahereh rezaei
Abstract
Selecting the book tailored for criticism and theory lessons is a challenge for the professors, affecting class success and students' sense of satisfaction. This course is offered to students in different academic disciplines in Iran, and therefore, a proper book to teach this course is needed in the ...
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Selecting the book tailored for criticism and theory lessons is a challenge for the professors, affecting class success and students' sense of satisfaction. This course is offered to students in different academic disciplines in Iran, and therefore, a proper book to teach this course is needed in the academic publication market in Iran. In this market, there are numerous books, most of which are translations of English-language texts. Since the course Criticism and Theory are among the most difficult lessons for students, selecting the right book can reduce the burden on the students and professors. In the present article, the author compares the Rutledge's Literary Criticism and Cultural Theory Handbook edited by Simon Malpas and Paul Vick with some examples of English criticism in English language and literature to illustrate the strengths and weaknesses of this book, and evaluate in terms of educational value. It also presents suggestions for making it applicable in the classroom. Eventually, the author believes that the Rutledge's Literary Criticism and Cultural Theory Handbook is a considerable book for teaching the course Criticism and Theory, and a proper translation can meet the needs of other disciplines.
Philosophy
amir sadeqi; maryam saneapour
Abstract
In the recent decades, religious pluralism has been extensively discussed as a theory that claims to establish reconciliation between the religious diversities based on an interpretation of the absolute truth. John Hick, as one of the main theoreticians in this field, has presented a comprehensive discussion ...
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In the recent decades, religious pluralism has been extensively discussed as a theory that claims to establish reconciliation between the religious diversities based on an interpretation of the absolute truth. John Hick, as one of the main theoreticians in this field, has presented a comprehensive discussion regarding this notion in his book: An Interpretation of Religion. Hick’s theory can be analyzed from different prospects in his book and it offers the opportunity to probe its both positive and negative aspects. Hick has attempted to express his theory philosophically through the interpretation of those religions emerged from divergent cultures and traditions in alignment. Besides, this theory can be assessed by the study of the exterior and the interior compatibility of the Pluralism theory by focusing on his book whether it is possible to accept the results of Hick’s theory based on his arguments and reasoning or not.
History
Farshid Naderi
Volume 18, Issue 10 , February 2019, , Pages 271-290
Abstract
Józef Wolski’s works on the Arsacid history and culture have led to a new approach which has shed new light on the unknown and ambiguous aspects of the Arsacid Empire. For him, the first step in reconstructing the picture of Arsacid period in the framework of the Ancient Persian history ...
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Józef Wolski’s works on the Arsacid history and culture have led to a new approach which has shed new light on the unknown and ambiguous aspects of the Arsacid Empire. For him, the first step in reconstructing the picture of Arsacid period in the framework of the Ancient Persian history is reexamining and revising the ideas long held by historians of this period. The method implemented is to extract Wolski’s basic vision and approach out of his key writings. To this end, many of his most important papers were translated or summarized. Among the most important achievements of this study in introducing his works is that the Persian domestic sources gained prominence and were changed into canonical works. To do so, a systematic criticism of Greek and Roman sources related to the Arsacid Empire was done. Moreover, the most fundamental strategy of the author under discussion was to find the ideological links between Arsacid and Achaemenid traditions. To unravel these links, he brings forth the hypothesis concerning Arsacid Iranism. Although not fully successful, his ideas were instrumental in modifying the negative opinions towards the empire.
Foreign Languages
Mahzad Sheikholislami
Volume 18, Issue 8 , December 2018, , Pages 187-201
Abstract
In this article we try to have a contextual and structural review about the first part of Nuova Grammatica Pratica Della Lingua Italiana written by Susanna Nocchi. This book was published in 2002 for the first time by Alma publications; and in 2011 was republished in a new and modified ...
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In this article we try to have a contextual and structural review about the first part of Nuova Grammatica Pratica Della Lingua Italiana written by Susanna Nocchi. This book was published in 2002 for the first time by Alma publications; and in 2011 was republished in a new and modified version. In current academic year (2017-2018), the first part of this book has been used for teaching Italian grammar to pre-university students of Italian literature in Faculty of Foreign Languages and Literatures of University of Tehran. The current article not only tries to express weaknesses and strengths of this grammar book but also attempts to highlight its cultural orientation.
Educational Science
Ali Reza Asareh
Volume 17, Issue 6 , November 2017, , Pages 243-255
Abstract
In his book L’éducation cultures et sociétés, Le Thanh Khoi presents a general and universal theory of education. The book is presented in two parts of " Statement of the Problem ", in three chapters (Theory and Concepts, Generality and Complexity, and Understanding and explanation) ...
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In his book L’éducation cultures et sociétés, Le Thanh Khoi presents a general and universal theory of education. The book is presented in two parts of " Statement of the Problem ", in three chapters (Theory and Concepts, Generality and Complexity, and Understanding and explanation) and "Providing a General and Universal Model of Education" in 7 chapters (People, Languages and Ethnicities, Natural Environment, the productive system, ideas and values, the role of personalities, the socio-political structures and movements and international relations. Khoi's analysis of psychology was analytic-theoretical- paraphrastic and commentary and all are qualitative methods and of course, sometimes he uses analogy and deduction. In the statistical population of his research, many of the samples lacked the chance of being selected. In some cases, the researcher's deduction and inference were limited by the conceptual definition. The main point in this research is ignoring the methodology concepts and postmodernism paradigms (which is authenticating the qualitative pluralism). Unlike postmodernism, he authenticates the universalist and general frameworks related to the modernism positivism. In addition, the examples presented, his teaching methods and approaches to educators and individuals, etc., affect the traditional and old education and are somewhat distant from new theories and ideas.
Art
Javad HoseinzadehSadati
Volume 17, Issue 4 , September 2017, , Pages 33-44
Abstract
The culture and arts of ancient Iran is so rich that after a century, the researchers are still introducing them and yet they remained flourishing. The book of “History of Culture and Art of Iran (Before the Islam)” is one of the text that is prepared to introduce pre-Islamic culture and ...
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The culture and arts of ancient Iran is so rich that after a century, the researchers are still introducing them and yet they remained flourishing. The book of “History of Culture and Art of Iran (Before the Islam)” is one of the text that is prepared to introduce pre-Islamic culture and art of Iran to interested students and people. From diachronic point of view, this book has tried to introduce different aspects of Pre-Islamic culture and arts of Iran briefly to the next generation. Today one the biggest problems all around the world, which includes us, is the crisis of identity, and such texts that introduce our ancient cultures to the new generations of students is necessary. This paper first reviews the format and content of the book, and then it proposes some points that can improve the next publications if the authors apply them.
Foreign Languages
Seyyed Mohammad Reza Adel; Fatemeh Talebian
Volume 15, Issue 36 , November 2015, , Pages 133-158
Abstract
“Prospect 1” is a newly designed and published book for English learners at high schools in Iran. The authors’ aimhas been to localize the content, form, and pictures of the book based on the Iranian culture. In particular, the purpose of this study was to analyze the pictures of the ...
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“Prospect 1” is a newly designed and published book for English learners at high schools in Iran. The authors’ aimhas been to localize the content, form, and pictures of the book based on the Iranian culture. In particular, the purpose of this study was to analyze the pictures of the book from the point of views of Turkish, Persian, and Kurdish (Kormanj) students. The instruments used in the study were a questioner designed and validated by the researchers and a semi-structured interview. One hundred eighty two subjects (48 Kurdish, 77 Turkish, and 57 Persianstudents) were chosen as the participants of the study. Using Chi square, the analysis of the results showed that some pictures were not appropriately selected and the learners showed differences in understanding and interpreting the meaning and purposes of these pictures. It was concluded that when selecting pictures, it is better to consider sub cultures in Iran, too.
Linguistics and Ancient Languages
Atousa Tafreshi; Ahmad Vasookolaee
Volume 12, Issue 24 , April 2012, , Pages 15-34
Abstract
Objective: This research aims at investigating the role of culture in language teaching through reviewing the concepts of language and culture and examining their relation. The literature and some theories in the field are reviewed in order to clarify the relation between these fields and throw the light ...
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Objective: This research aims at investigating the role of culture in language teaching through reviewing the concepts of language and culture and examining their relation. The literature and some theories in the field are reviewed in order to clarify the relation between these fields and throw the light on language teaching and learning process and some research needs from a different perspective. Method: Descriptive-analytic method is used to review the studies. Results and Discussion: Culture teaching not only has some positive effects in foreign language learning and being a competent foreign language speaker, but also it is somehow inevitable in language teaching process. To teach culture there are different methods which can be used. In fact teaching foreign language can be effective only when some of the cultural features of language society are taught.
