Art
Masoumeh Karimi; Kouros Samanian
Abstract
It is about a half-century since the intellectual foundations of the concept of Islamic art have been dramatically challenged. This new trend has been culminated after the end of the colonial era, setting the stage for the spread of Islamic thought, the consequent establishment of Islamic Art museums ...
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It is about a half-century since the intellectual foundations of the concept of Islamic art have been dramatically challenged. This new trend has been culminated after the end of the colonial era, setting the stage for the spread of Islamic thought, the consequent establishment of Islamic Art museums in the West, and later, through the September 11 attacks. Simultaneously, the museology became a beneficial approach towards the study of the arts of Islamic regions through which the museum plays a crucial role in creating the knowledge of Islamic Art. Published in 2012, Islamic Art and the Museum; Approaches to Art and Archeology of the Muslim World in the Twenty-First Century was the first in this area. Using content analysis and taking a muselogical view, the current study recognizes the main approaches towards the representation of Islamic Art in American and European museums. The results show that although it is a worthwhile source with main challenges included, it can be criticized in terms of its fundamental approach towards the museum, the hegemony of historiographical point of view, the problematic relationship between some articles and titles, and its emphasis on one or two geographical areas.
Linguistics and Ancient Languages
Moussa Ahmadian; Ehsan Mehri
Abstract
Chomsky’s innate theory of language has had a significant impact on first language acquisition studies, and it focused on child language in order to recognize the stages of development, and proposed new theories for better understanding of first language acquisition. The current study aims ...
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Chomsky’s innate theory of language has had a significant impact on first language acquisition studies, and it focused on child language in order to recognize the stages of development, and proposed new theories for better understanding of first language acquisition. The current study aims to: 1. review the first language acquisition and development theories in general, and 2. review and analyze the previous studies on the acquisition and development of Persian language as a first language in particular to reveal the current status of research findings in the field. To these aims, the related studies were referred to in three indexing resources: Magiran, Noormags, SID from 1365 to 1394. Seventy-six articles were found and put into five categories: causal-correlational, descriptive, review, comparative, and reliability and validity studies. The analysis of the findings indicated that most of the studies have been conducted in the field of rehabilitation, considering variables relating to language acquisition and development impairment. There were a few descriptive studies investigating the development of Persian language as a first language. Finally, the research designs seem to be ignorant of Tomasello’s usage-based theory, Bruner’s pragmatic theory, Halliday’s functional theory, and Vygotsky's sociocultural theory of learning.
Linguistics and Ancient Languages
Morteza Taghavi
Abstract
Natural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM) approach is one of the most outstanding attempts at contemporary semantics to analyze and describe meaning cross-culturally, originated by Anna Wierzbicka. This approach claims that there are a number of universal concepts, called ‘semantic primitives’, ...
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Natural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM) approach is one of the most outstanding attempts at contemporary semantics to analyze and describe meaning cross-culturally, originated by Anna Wierzbicka. This approach claims that there are a number of universal concepts, called ‘semantic primitives’, through which any simple or complex meaning in any language can be described. It may further act as a tool for cutting across the differentiating borders of various cultures with the aim of semantic description and cross-cultural semantics. Moreover, many works have applied this approach to more than 30 languages, adding to the list of semantic primes. The present paper intends to review Wierzbicka’s book entitled “Cross-Cultural Pragmatics: The Semantics of Human Interaction” (2003), aiming at presenting her framework, looking through chapters and discussing the pros and cons and basic tenets of her approach. Finally, the paper concludes that the NSM approach is certainly promising and valuable for cross-linguistic and cross-cultural descriptions; however, a number of groundless claims should be avoided.
Persian Language and Literature
Yadollah Nasrollahi
Abstract
Negaresh and Virayesh is a valuable work of Ahmad Samii (Gilani) which has been a student book, and a resource for students k for many years in teaching writing and spelling. The numerous prints and a large number of reprints have proved it to be of great interest to readers and ...
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Negaresh and Virayesh is a valuable work of Ahmad Samii (Gilani) which has been a student book, and a resource for students k for many years in teaching writing and spelling. The numerous prints and a large number of reprints have proved it to be of great interest to readers and audiences. The book has two main parts: Writing and Editing, in which Samii Gilani has explained and argued as much as possible, citing evidence and arguments. The major errors and slips found in the first section (writing) of the work are: lack of introduction, section titles in sentence form, inconsistent paragraph organization, insertion and explanation of non-writing entries; research paper, reference, definition section. They do not seem appropriate to the writing effect. Editing section errors (mentioning linguistic errors) include: not giving sufficient reasons for enumerating linguistic errors (editing language), insisting on the contradiction of word spellings, separation in spelling contradicting spelling words with the Farsi script. This article seeks to cite as much as possible the evidence of the work. The research method of this paper is comparative, analytical, and critical, the evidence of which is gathered through documentary and invoice method.
Persian Language and Literature
Roya Yadolahi Shahrah
Abstract
In this article, the book “Comment on Comment”, written by Seyyed Ali Kashefi Khansari, consisting of 12 book reviews, a pathology of children's literary theory books, and a response to review response, was investigated and criticized in two sections. In the first section, the form and content ...
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In this article, the book “Comment on Comment”, written by Seyyed Ali Kashefi Khansari, consisting of 12 book reviews, a pathology of children's literary theory books, and a response to review response, was investigated and criticized in two sections. In the first section, the form and content generality of the book were reviewed, and in the second section, all the articles separately, based on the principles of book review were reviewed. Finally, the lack of a comprehensive introduction, problems in the number of index pages, lack of reasoning and rationality of most of the claims made in the book, lack of citation and examples of claims and reviews when necessary, often the lack and sometimes deficiency of citing references, non-use of lexicons and specific language and some writing and typing problems are major drawbacks of the book. The strengths and weaknesses of book review articles include: Introducing the history and subject area of books and their place among similar works in most articles, sometimes exceeding mere review, proposing new topics, categorizing and indexing or numbering reviews and axes of review in some articles that facilitates receiving concepts, and in the whole book, its simple and suitable appearance. Finally, the book was considered inappropriate for the academic research and education.
Foreign Languages
Ahmad Ramezani; Payvand Mihandoust
Volume 18, Issue 8 , December 2018, , Pages 147-165
Abstract
The purpose of this article was to analyze English language teaching program for students with intellectual disabilities, and review the English course book (student book and workbook developed for 7th graders with intellectual disabilities) as well as the teachers’ guide. The method applied ...
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The purpose of this article was to analyze English language teaching program for students with intellectual disabilities, and review the English course book (student book and workbook developed for 7th graders with intellectual disabilities) as well as the teachers’ guide. The method applied was descriptive–analytic. Regarding the proposed criteria by the Council for Reviewing Books and Texts on Humanities, strengths and weaknesses in terms of form and content were presented. The vital strong points were presenting frequent language functions and social routines, and color printing of the student book. The crucial weaknesses included the old-fashioned way of teaching English alphabets, the inappropriate method of introducing numbers, designing improper activities regarding the students’ capabilities, and the low quality of the pictures both in student book and workbook. For reviewing the teacher’s guide, the evaluation criteria proposed by Hemsley (1997) known as global evaluation and detailed evaluation, has been applied. The strong points of the teachers’ guide were providing clear teaching guidelines, considering learning procedures based on recent researches and modern theories, presenting the objective of the course, and providing appropriate guidelines for evaluation. Some of the weaknesses were ignoring students’ different learning styles, not introducing appropriate way of error correction, and inappropriate bookbinding. At last, some suggestions were proposed to ameliorate both the quality and the content of the course book and work book considering the students’ capabilities.
Arabic Language and Literature
Payman Salehi
Volume 18, Issue 4 , August 2018, , Pages 113-136
Abstract
Considering that contemporary prose texts, in addition to the educational aspect, more than any time, reflects the culture and beliefs of a community and influences them; a book that is introduced as the reference for the curriculum, in addition to proper structure and content, should be in line with ...
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Considering that contemporary prose texts, in addition to the educational aspect, more than any time, reflects the culture and beliefs of a community and influences them; a book that is introduced as the reference for the curriculum, in addition to proper structure and content, should be in line with the latest literary theories and approaches, so it could fulfill its literary mission. For this reason, this research, using the method of rereading the work in both quantitative and qualitative analyses, has tried to see whether the book entitled ‘Malameh Al-Nathr Al-Hadith & Fonouneh’ by Omar Daqaq, Mohammad NajibTalawy, and MoradAb-AlrahmanMabrouk has enough potential to be used as a reference for the curriculum of Arabic language and literature. The results show that, in spite of its advantages, such as a completely legible font, ideal layout and technical performance of some authors of this book, it has many quantitative and qualitative disadvantages that if it is used as a reference for the curriculum, it would be very weak and incomplete. Some of the quantitative disadvantages of the book are very little use of punctuation marks and not having index, no list of references and the bibliography of the history of literature at the end of the book. Besides, some of the qualitative disadvantages of the book are not being reprinted after 18 years, thematic and content deficiencies of the titles, irregularity and incoherence of the text, inadequate citation, lack of up-to-date and valid resources and also defective presentation of the titles and wrong inference.
political science
Mohammad Hossein Jamshidi
Volume 17, Issue 8 , January 2018, , Pages 111-128
Abstract
We briefly reviewed and criticized David Beetham’s book of “Max Weber and the Theory of Modern Politics”. This work produces the most comprehensive framework about Max Weber’s political theory with and analytical method and a historical perspective. It studies the review of the ...
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We briefly reviewed and criticized David Beetham’s book of “Max Weber and the Theory of Modern Politics”. This work produces the most comprehensive framework about Max Weber’s political theory with and analytical method and a historical perspective. It studies the review of the central concern of Weber to prospects for the liberal parliament in the authoritarian societies in the era of mass politics and bureaucratic organizations. It shows how this concern has led him to review the theory of democracy.The special feature of this book is the full dominance of the writer about the widespread German works in Weber’s political thought of. This book is an authoritative guide about Max Weber’s political philosophy. Although it relatively has a logical structure, it is rather understandable and it is away from complexity, grandiloquence, literary gravity and ambiguity. Moderation approach governs it. This book needs to be reviewed and criticized like any other scientific works. So, we have reviewed this book, based on the rational and methodical criteria, and we have tried to express as far as possible its advantages and disadvantages without prejudice and ignorance.
Archaeology
Hasan Basafa; Mohammad Sadeghdavari
Volume 17, Issue 4 , September 2017, , Pages 19-31
Abstract
The book "Archeology of Ancient Iranian societies in the Third Millennium B.C” is one of the specialized books about the third millennium archeology of the Iranian plateau with a special look into the southeastern region of Iran. This book is written by "Enrico Ascalone", translated by "Seyed Mansour ...
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The book "Archeology of Ancient Iranian societies in the Third Millennium B.C” is one of the specialized books about the third millennium archeology of the Iranian plateau with a special look into the southeastern region of Iran. This book is written by "Enrico Ascalone", translated by "Seyed Mansour Seyed Sajadi" and published by the Organization for Researching and Composing University Textbooks in the Humanities with the aim of being lectured as the main or supplementary source for the course-"Iranian Archaeology at the Beginning of Urbanization". What is mentioned in the introduction of the book by the author is the identification of the cultural poles of Iran's plateau during the third millennium B.C, the degree of repulsion and attraction between those poles, and then the study of the special fields of trade. In this regard, the analysis of the business systems with Susa centrality-as an Elamite unit-was his aim. The present paper tries to study and analyze the book in terms of its form and content-especially formal comprehensiveness, logical order and principles-according to the author's approach, which is of analytical approaches to urban archeology and finally its strengths and weaknesses are explained. The results indicate many merits in terms of content and respect for the authoring principles of an impartial work. On the other hand, the book has weaknesses in translation, editing and matching of specialized terminology, the use of archaeological resources, and archaeological fundamentals of the peripheral regions of Iranian Plateau.
Archaeology
Meysam Labbaf-haniky
Volume 17, Issue 4 , September 2017, , Pages 149-162
Abstract
Cities as the cradles of social relations are considered as the significant phenomena in historical and archaeological point of views. Establishing the earliest cities, therefore, has been regarded as a crucial step in the evolution process of the societies. The Sasanian cities, presenting the complicated ...
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Cities as the cradles of social relations are considered as the significant phenomena in historical and archaeological point of views. Establishing the earliest cities, therefore, has been regarded as a crucial step in the evolution process of the societies. The Sasanian cities, presenting the complicated form of the cities during the late antiquity, have been investigated by Reza Mehrafarin in the book entitled ‘Sasanian Cities’. The book, including worthwhile information about some Sasanian cities, has been compiled after the published reports, articles, and books. Nevertheless, like other scientific works, the book contains some major shortcomings in the coverage of the relevant publications and some minor shortcomings in its content.
Linguistics and Ancient Languages
Masood Khoshsaligheh; Abdullah Nowruzy
Volume 16, Issue 41 , January 2017, , Pages 121-136
Abstract
Making a systematic inquiry and applying appropriate methods and approaches to investigating a phenomenon are among the main academic concerns. Within translation studies, endeavors have been made to illustrate different aspects of related methodology. In this regard, Research Methodologies in Translation ...
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Making a systematic inquiry and applying appropriate methods and approaches to investigating a phenomenon are among the main academic concerns. Within translation studies, endeavors have been made to illustrate different aspects of related methodology. In this regard, Research Methodologies in Translation Studies aims to cover a wide range of interdisciplinary methodologies and contribute to the cross-fertilization of diverse research practices that inform translation studies. In this book, Saldanha and O'Brien emphasize the priority of understanding epistemology and ontology of research to engaging in any research. They explain the main elements and principles of a systematic research and try to deal with the main issues of research in descriptive translation studies such as product, process, participants and context. This paper aims to critically discuss the content and structure of the book. The paper begins with a brief review of the chapters at the first step and then continues by reasoning and exemplifying the potential strengths and weaknesses. Considering the aims of authors and the strengths and weaknesses, the paper discusses its appropriateness for using it as a textbook at MA and PhD levels in Iranian universities, as it has been used for the purpose immediately after publishing.
Persian Language and Literature
Mahmoud Fazilat
Volume 13, Issue 26 , April 2013, , Pages 33-56
Abstract
Paradox is not only a literary rhetorical device or a poetic image, but also a logical, philosophical and cosmological concept. It had been neglected in the rhetorical and literary works of the past due to its being regarded the same as other literary devices such as metaphor. Persian poets, especially ...
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Paradox is not only a literary rhetorical device or a poetic image, but also a logical, philosophical and cosmological concept. It had been neglected in the rhetorical and literary works of the past due to its being regarded the same as other literary devices such as metaphor. Persian poets, especially in mystical literature and modern poetry, have used the richest paradoxical ideas in their poems. In the light of such paradoxical phrases, their poetic language has gained a permanent effect and novelty. Using paradox, the poet reconciles between contradictory and incongruent matters, and creates the impossible which is the most beautiful and wonderful image of imagination. Paradoxical ideas were obviously manifested in Sanai’s mystical poems. Therefore, the oldest examples of paradoxical ideas can be found in his works. In the present paper, the issue of paradox in Sanai’s works is studied.
Arabic Language and Literature
Sabereh Siavashi
Volume 12, Issue 25 , April 2013, , Pages 57-68
Abstract
Arabic language, with a history from Jahiliyyah (ignorance) up to now, has been always noticed by the literary figures and authors of different nations. The relationships, challenges and exchanges between Iranian people and Arabs are so deep that it doesn’t need to mention its history. The Iranian ...
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Arabic language, with a history from Jahiliyyah (ignorance) up to now, has been always noticed by the literary figures and authors of different nations. The relationships, challenges and exchanges between Iranian people and Arabs are so deep that it doesn’t need to mention its history. The Iranian scholars and students’ increasing interest to the history of Arabic literature increases the importance of translating and compiling estimable and original works in this area. Since Hanna al-Fakhouri’s book titled Arabic Literature History, translated by AbdolMohammad Ayati, is one of the first-hand sources of postgraduate education test in Arabic study as well as the importance and popularity of this book, this article tries to review it in an analytical-descriptive method, then introduces its weak and strong points, and finally provides some suggestions and corrections for the researchers and those who are interested.
History
Sajjad Hoseini
Volume 11, Issue 23 , December 2012, , Pages 67-85
Abstract
Literary biography of Majma'-ol-Khavas was written in 1016 (lunar/hijri) in Turkish, by Sadeqi-Beik Afshar, prominent writer in Safavid era, and in 1327 solar/hijri (1949) was edited and translated into Persian by Dr. Abdol Rasul Khayam Pour, a professor in Tabriz University.This biography provides us ...
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Literary biography of Majma'-ol-Khavas was written in 1016 (lunar/hijri) in Turkish, by Sadeqi-Beik Afshar, prominent writer in Safavid era, and in 1327 solar/hijri (1949) was edited and translated into Persian by Dr. Abdol Rasul Khayam Pour, a professor in Tabriz University.This biography provides us with very precious information about literary situation in Turk and Tajik communities of Iran at that time. Furthermore, flourishing of literature and art and their importance among kings, princes, and governors of Safavid emperor, and some of the kings and tribal chiefs of Ottoman, Gurkani , and Uzbak are reflected in Majma'-ol-Khavas.Sadegi beik-Afshar was born in Tabriz, and studied painting. Due to flow of political events he went to Qazvin and Isfahan, and got acquainted to many of outstanding Artists of Tabriz, Qazvin and Isfahan schools of painting. He also mentioned names and biography of some of these painters in Majma'-ol-Khavas due to their poetic nature.Not only does this article aim at providing an explanation of the importance of this book in historiography of Safavid era, but also it tries to criticize some shortcomings of its translation.
Arabic Language and Literature
Seyyed Reza Najafi
Volume 10, Issue 20 , September 2010, , Pages 31-40
Abstract
This article is a review on the book E’rāb al-Quan al-Karim( in which the book mentioned in the title has been reviewed briefly, than the strong points of the book have been represented, and finally there are some suggestions for improving the book with the hope to follow in the future.
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This article is a review on the book E’rāb al-Quan al-Karim( in which the book mentioned in the title has been reviewed briefly, than the strong points of the book have been represented, and finally there are some suggestions for improving the book with the hope to follow in the future.
Arabic Language and Literature
Soudabeh Mozaffari
Volume 10, Issue 20 , September 2010, , Pages 69-87
Abstract
This book has been compiled by Dr Abbas Iqbali and Seyyed Reza MirAhmadi and published in SAMT University Press for the 2-credite course “Reading mystical texts”, the field of Arabic Language and literature, MA. In this book, at first the authors have defined some common mystical words ...
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This book has been compiled by Dr Abbas Iqbali and Seyyed Reza MirAhmadi and published in SAMT University Press for the 2-credite course “Reading mystical texts”, the field of Arabic Language and literature, MA. In this book, at first the authors have defined some common mystical words and terms, then, have inserted some selected classic and modern mystical texts for students in order to make familiar them with these kinds of texts.Since the authors’ aim was to write a book for the use of students in all higher education institutions, the defects of the book should have been minimal. Although the authors have used the salient mystical books, I found many mistakes in the book, both in form and content, during my teaching in the classrooms. So, I discussed them in this article with the aim to make it better for the use of students. I hope this book will be published with less mistakes in the future.
