political science
Ali Bagheri Dolatabadi
Abstract
Studying Iran's foreign policy is one of the most interesting topics among the people and the academic community. This behavior is not specific to Iranians and can, also, be seen among other foreign researchers concerning Iran's foreign policy. Luciano Zaccara is one of the authors who has surpassed ...
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Studying Iran's foreign policy is one of the most interesting topics among the people and the academic community. This behavior is not specific to Iranians and can, also, be seen among other foreign researchers concerning Iran's foreign policy. Luciano Zaccara is one of the authors who has surpassed her counterparts in addressing this issue and has edited a book on the “Foreign Policy of Iran under President Hassan Rouhani’s First Term”. The lack of translation of the book into Persian encouraged the author to introduce the work and critique it in terms of content and form. What makes the book prominent is the participation of some well-known authors in writing the chapters, addressing some areas that have received less attention in Iranian research, such as relations with Africa and the pathology of Hassan Rouhani's foreign policy. Lack of theoretical framework for the discussions, incoherence between the contents of the chapters, and ignoring the scientific neutrality by some authors of the book are among the weaknesses of the work.
Jurisprudence and Law
Mohammad Javad Javid
Abstract
Governments have commitments with respect to the natural rights of individuals. The right to religion and the right to knowledge are two of the citizens’ natural rights which can be defined in compliance with the constitution. Hence, religion and knowledge are among the subject matters of fundamental ...
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Governments have commitments with respect to the natural rights of individuals. The right to religion and the right to knowledge are two of the citizens’ natural rights which can be defined in compliance with the constitution. Hence, religion and knowledge are among the subject matters of fundamental rights in the Iranian as well as the French revolution. Each of the two revolutions has enjoyed the concept of faith and ideology to such an extent that they have influenced various areas and arenas after the revolution. Therefore, this paper is based on the hypothesis that the two revolutions of 1789 and 1979, one being against religion and the other for it, have had similar impacts on culture and in particular public understanding. In this regard, paying attention to the central role of the state commitments in strengthening and reducing the costs of a believer citizen can serve as an explanation concerning the extent of such impact in the present situation.Keywords: Iran, France, Law, Religion, Education, Laïcité.Governments have commitments with respect to the natural rights of individuals. The right to religion and the right to knowledge are two of the citizens’ natural rights which can be defined in compliance with the constitution. Hence, religion and knowledge are among the subject matters of fundamental rights in the Iranian as well as the French revolution. Each of the two revolutions has enjoyed the concept of faith and ideology to such an extent that they have influenced various areas and arenas after the revolution. Therefore, this paper is based on the hypothesis that the two revolutions of 1789 and 1979, one being against religion and the other for it, have had similar impacts on culture and in particular public understanding. In this regard, paying attention to the central role of the state commitments in strengthening and reducing the costs of a believer citizen can serve as an explanation concerning the extent of such impact in the present situation.
History
Nematollah Zakipour
Abstract
By Adopting a critical approach to reading text, the present article examines and evaluates the book Historiography and its Developments in Iran and the World, a joint work of Hossein Mirjafari and Abbas Ashouri-Nejad. The book reviewed in this article, which is dedicated to Payame Noor University as ...
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By Adopting a critical approach to reading text, the present article examines and evaluates the book Historiography and its Developments in Iran and the World, a joint work of Hossein Mirjafari and Abbas Ashouri-Nejad. The book reviewed in this article, which is dedicated to Payame Noor University as a textbook on "Historiography and its Developments in Iran and the World" as a sourcebook at the undergraduate level in history, is no exception to this rule. Academic textbooks are expected to meet the required scientific standards. Despite the authors' efforts to compile a documentary on historiography, this book has some drawbacks including lack of a detailed table of contents, index, typographical errors, poor writing and grammar, the indentation of some sentences, poor citation and documentation, lack of separation of sources in the bibliography, etc. In terms of the content, formal considerations and lack of explanation of terms and concepts, improper use of first-hand sources, unbalanced volume of the sections, the existence of clichéd content, etc. are also observed. The author of the article tries to review and evaluate the book and explain its strengths and weakness, to present his suggestions to the authors and the textbook publishing council in order to increase the scientific-educational aspect of this book and its structured quality.
History
Yazdan Farrokhi
Abstract
Research on the situation of women during the Mongol rule, due to the different views that the Mongols had about the position of women in politics and society, is one of the important fields of research on the history of Iran that has attracted the attention of some scholars. However, despite the importance ...
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Research on the situation of women during the Mongol rule, due to the different views that the Mongols had about the position of women in politics and society, is one of the important fields of research on the history of Iran that has attracted the attention of some scholars. However, despite the importance of this field, compared to other fields, a small number of coherent and problem-oriented research in this field has been done and published. Therefore, the publication of the book Women in Mongol Iran, which was originally the author's doctoral dissertation, deserves to be introduced, reviewed, and evaluated. The author claims that he has addressed this issue due to the lack of in-depth study in this important field, and therefore, this article seeks to evaluate the achievement of this aim in this book. The present article, in a descriptive-analytical method and with a critical approach, addresses the question: to what extent has the author's achievements been able to achieve a fundamental and deep understanding of women in Mongol Iran? It seems that the author has been successful in achieving his specific goals and, in addition to some content and form, has provided a solid achievement and foundation for further research in this field.
History
Iraj Varfinezhad
Abstract
The issue of underdevelopment has always been one of the research attractions for researchers. Underdevelopment has been one of the main concerns of Iranian reformers and thinkers, at least since the early Qajar period, which has led to various findings and perspectives on its cause, as well as offering ...
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The issue of underdevelopment has always been one of the research attractions for researchers. Underdevelopment has been one of the main concerns of Iranian reformers and thinkers, at least since the early Qajar period, which has led to various findings and perspectives on its cause, as well as offering various solutions to overcome it. Numerous books and works have been written on this subject, but one of the books that has recently been published in this regard is Etiology of Iran’s underdevelopment. The study of the book shows that this work can be criticized from three aspects: form, methodology and content, and the purpose of this research is to clarify the weaknesses and shortcomings of the book in the mentioned domains. All in all, it seems that the book doesn’t have any special innovation and it has not been able to open a new scientific horizon in this field.
Sociology
Naser Sedghi
Abstract
The study of the concept of Iran and national identity in relation to the issue of the ethnic and linguistic diversity of Iranian society is the main subject of the book “Iran in five narratives”. In the opinion of the author, our understanding of a phenomenon called Iran is a theoretical ...
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The study of the concept of Iran and national identity in relation to the issue of the ethnic and linguistic diversity of Iranian society is the main subject of the book “Iran in five narratives”. In the opinion of the author, our understanding of a phenomenon called Iran is a theoretical and philosophical structure, not a fixed and permanent concept. Therefore, existing understandings of national identity and Iranianness can be criticized. By referring to the ethnic-linguistic and geographical diversity of Iranian society, the author seeks to provide a pluralistic reading of the concept of Iran and national identity. Criticizing the reductionist nationalist discourse, he considers Iranianness and national identity as a category beyond the single element of being Aryan and Persian. he believes that all Iranian ethnic groups and languages such as Turkish, Arabic, Kurdish, Baluchi, and Turkmen should be considered Iranian and based on that, the concept of Iran and national dignity should be redefined. Based on such a view, the author reviews and critiques the "narratives" of Shari’ati, Motahhari, Al-Ahmad, Zarrinkoob and Maskoob about the concept of Iran, national identity and the issue of linguistic diversity. In the present study, based on the method of qualitative content analysis, the narrations of the mentioned thinkers about Iran and national identity have been presented based on the author's reading and then the author's views on the concept of Iran and national identity have been studied. In the final discussion, the shortcomings of the book of Iran in Five Narratives are stated.
Art
Alireza Taheri; Samira Nasr Esfahani
Abstract
In the prehistoric and pre-Islamic civilizations of Iran, human beings have used sculpture and iconography to express their needs and beliefs. These works show the attitude, culture, cover, religion, and progress in the life of the past in ancient Iran. These figurines included animals, humans, and even ...
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In the prehistoric and pre-Islamic civilizations of Iran, human beings have used sculpture and iconography to express their needs and beliefs. These works show the attitude, culture, cover, religion, and progress in the life of the past in ancient Iran. These figurines included animals, humans, and even mythological and religious sculptures that were produced in each period according to the knowledge of the day with their own materials and methods. Each of these works had its own consumption and special application according to human needs at the same time and the changes in attitude, religion, beliefs, and daily life of the time made the figurines with different coverings, arrangements, decorations, exaggerations, and accents. The Iconography of pre-Islamic woman in Iran is a translation of two articles by Aurelie Daems, a Belgian researcher and archaeologist, published by Ali Akbar Vahdati in 2009. However, this book provides very useful and valuable information to researchers and archaeologists, but like any other scientific work, it has its drawbacks.
Economy
Saeed Attar
Abstract
The political economy approach means analyzing the political roots of economic performance. The main purpose of this article is to review and evaluate the most important strengths and weaknesses of the book "Political Economy of the Islamic Republic" by Bahman Ahmadi Amoui. In the framework of political ...
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The political economy approach means analyzing the political roots of economic performance. The main purpose of this article is to review and evaluate the most important strengths and weaknesses of the book "Political Economy of the Islamic Republic" by Bahman Ahmadi Amoui. In the framework of political economy analysis, the book tries to examine the orientations and practices of the Iranian economy in the 1981s and 1991s. The book is prepared in 6 chapters and includes a series of interviews with 6 decision-makers of the Iranian economy in that period. In the first half of this article, I first introduce the book in general. Then, the advantages and disadvantages of the book along with its content advantages are examined. In the second half of the article, the content of the book is reviewed and critiqued. In this section, the components of an "in-depth analysis of the political economy of the Islamic Republic" are examined. This paper is analytical research with a critical approach through a case study of the book.
Foreign Languages
Zeinab Sadeghi Sahlabad; Mahboubeh Mobasheri
Abstract
The purpose of the present study is to show the influence of Iranian culture and literature on another territory. Russian futurist, Vlimir Khelebnikov (1922-1884), was one of those poets who greatly influenced Iranian culture and literature. He was one of the Russian poets who had the chance to be present ...
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The purpose of the present study is to show the influence of Iranian culture and literature on another territory. Russian futurist, Vlimir Khelebnikov (1922-1884), was one of those poets who greatly influenced Iranian culture and literature. He was one of the Russian poets who had the chance to be present in Iran and came to Gilan during the uprising of Mirza Kochak Khan along with the Red Army forces in Gilan and was able to get acquainted with Iran. Orientalism is one of the most prominent aspects of his poetry, in which we will only examine the themes of his six-volume collection of poems in the present study. The re-creation of Iranian themes with new manifestations in his poetry has rendered Khelebnikov’s poetry beautiful and exquisite. Although Iran’s influence on him is not limited to literary and mythical aspects of Iran and beyond, it can be examined in cultural, religious, historical, and biological and natural dimensions, But Iranian scholars have paid little attention to his work. An examination of Khelebnikov’s poetry reveals his love for Hakim Ganjeh and reflects on his military poems as well as Shahnameh’s myths.
Archaeology
Roghayeh Rahimi Sorkhani
Abstract
The present study tries to evaluate and pinpoint the structural and content weaknesses and strengths of the book, entitled Archaeology of Iran (Tourism Planning and Management), authored by Karim Hajizadeh and Parviz Pourkarimi. In terms of content, the book is one of the rare and vanguard compilations ...
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The present study tries to evaluate and pinpoint the structural and content weaknesses and strengths of the book, entitled Archaeology of Iran (Tourism Planning and Management), authored by Karim Hajizadeh and Parviz Pourkarimi. In terms of content, the book is one of the rare and vanguard compilations in the field of the relationship between archeology and tourism in Iran. However, it has some deficiencies in different parts of this subject. The author in the present paper aimed to analyze and criticize the features and deficiencies of content and writing from several viewpoints, such as the conformity of the book subjects with approved topics by Planning Higher Council, the correctness or inaccuracy of the relationship between the content and the title of the book, the quality of the use of valid and new references as well as the typographic mistakes that cannot be ignored. The present article suggests that the book, despite its rich content and impact on the applied archaeology, seems to be used as an academic course of "Archaeology of Iran" needs to be reconsidered.
History
Maryam Doalatraftar Haghighi; Mohammad Sepehri
Abstract
The works written in Samanid’s period in the field of history are partly the continuation of simple writing in the late second century A.H. The prose by a number of historians in the Samanid Period is artifact and the authors just tried to praise the ruler’s emirs and ministers exaggeratedly. ...
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The works written in Samanid’s period in the field of history are partly the continuation of simple writing in the late second century A.H. The prose by a number of historians in the Samanid Period is artifact and the authors just tried to praise the ruler’s emirs and ministers exaggeratedly. They counted them as the right kings of time. Historiography in this period was mostly based on personal observation, and for this reason access to the documents belonging to this period is very important. The main questions of this research are as follows: what are the essential features of historiography in the Samanid’s Period? What are the strengths and weaknesses of the best historical sources in this Period? This research explains the strong and weak points of historiography in the Samanid’s Period and also tries to identify the main features of historical sources within this era. Among the important features of Islamic historiography in this Period, the cultural and civilizational attitude of historians, holistic historiography, the appearance of rationalist analytical and educational attitude, combining various sciences such as History, Geography, Astronomy, and knowledge about different science and fields can be mentioned. Some other things that we can see in the historical compilations of this period are: starting to translate (Balamy historiography), avoiding the methods of news compilation based on the principles and traditions of Hadith records and also the appearance of new methods of historiography (local history like history of Bokhara). In general, the boom of historiography and the appearance of some important historical works in the period of Samanid are achieved through a variety of factors in the realm of this Iranian Family.
History
Sayyed Abolfazl Razavi
Abstract
This present paper criticizes the interpretive approaches of Beatrice Forbes Manz’s, a researcher of Mongol and Timurid era, on the book "Power, Politics and Religion in Timurid Period in Iran". Manz survey “Shahrokh's Era History” and specially relations between society and government ...
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This present paper criticizes the interpretive approaches of Beatrice Forbes Manz’s, a researcher of Mongol and Timurid era, on the book "Power, Politics and Religion in Timurid Period in Iran". Manz survey “Shahrokh's Era History” and specially relations between society and government by different viewpoints and come up with new horizons. Thus, after introducing each chapter briefly about the Timurid surveying arena, it criticizes epistemological basics and author’s model theory through which the author interprets relations between society and government. The mentioned criticisms honor author’s viewpoint in coming up with new horizons in Timurid historiography, provoke readers to see Timurid’s successor’s society and government’s structure in a different way, pay attention to her attitude about Shahrokh Era History.
Sociology
Mohamad Farhadi
Volume 18, Issue 12 , June 2019, , Pages 181-206
Abstract
Poverty and inequality in Iran are two important phenomena the depth and breadth of which have attracted the attention of social and economic thinkers and have been studied from various perspectives. "The Necessity of Fighting Poverty and Inequality in Iran" by Saeed Madani Qahfarhchi is one of these ...
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Poverty and inequality in Iran are two important phenomena the depth and breadth of which have attracted the attention of social and economic thinkers and have been studied from various perspectives. "The Necessity of Fighting Poverty and Inequality in Iran" by Saeed Madani Qahfarhchi is one of these research findings.Reviewing and criticizing these studies are a necessary prerequisite for defining literature on poverty and inequality in Iran. From the methodological point of view, the present paper criticizes this book and provides some theoretical imperatives and a way to complete it. In a critique, this article is not seen as a defect, which provides some suggestions for the completion of this project with an empathetic attitude. After the introduction of the effect of some shortcomings, the chapters of the book are discussed, and in the next step, the systematic analysis of the methodological, theoretical, and epistemological perceptions of the book is introduced.The result of this article is that the approach of the book is more descriptive and does not provide an explanation of poverty in Iran. Accordingly, the book does not introduce the category of inequality and its causes and reasons in Iran. The lack of a deliberate look and a definite stance on poverty and inequality in this book is one of the main points that this article emphasizes.
Economy
Hamid Padash; Mohamad Ajirlu; bahman khodapanah
Volume 18, Issue 9 , February 2019, , Pages 39-52
Abstract
A business environment refers to the factors affecting the performance of enterprises the managers or owners of which cannot change or improve them. The book “Improving the Business Environment and the Realization of Resistive Economy” is a book whose author has sought to establish a relationship ...
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A business environment refers to the factors affecting the performance of enterprises the managers or owners of which cannot change or improve them. The book “Improving the Business Environment and the Realization of Resistive Economy” is a book whose author has sought to establish a relationship between the business environment and the realization of a resistive economy. To this end, the ease of doing business index was selected and attempts were made to scrutinize it using comparative tables and charts. This article is structured with format review and content review. The author's referent (business environment) has a wide range of distinct indices that have important differences, and not all of these cases and referents can be considered similar and identical, but the author only refers to one of the indices, which is an important index. Considering the fact that the book pursues an excellent goal, it adds a concise explanation of the relationship between the business environment and the resistive economy to the richness of the work, and it is expected that the author pays attention to the points raised in subsequent editions to enhance the quality of the work.
History
Farshid Naderi
Volume 18, Issue 10 , February 2019, , Pages 271-290
Abstract
Józef Wolski’s works on the Arsacid history and culture have led to a new approach which has shed new light on the unknown and ambiguous aspects of the Arsacid Empire. For him, the first step in reconstructing the picture of Arsacid period in the framework of the Ancient Persian history ...
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Józef Wolski’s works on the Arsacid history and culture have led to a new approach which has shed new light on the unknown and ambiguous aspects of the Arsacid Empire. For him, the first step in reconstructing the picture of Arsacid period in the framework of the Ancient Persian history is reexamining and revising the ideas long held by historians of this period. The method implemented is to extract Wolski’s basic vision and approach out of his key writings. To this end, many of his most important papers were translated or summarized. Among the most important achievements of this study in introducing his works is that the Persian domestic sources gained prominence and were changed into canonical works. To do so, a systematic criticism of Greek and Roman sources related to the Arsacid Empire was done. Moreover, the most fundamental strategy of the author under discussion was to find the ideological links between Arsacid and Achaemenid traditions. To unravel these links, he brings forth the hypothesis concerning Arsacid Iranism. Although not fully successful, his ideas were instrumental in modifying the negative opinions towards the empire.
Sociology
Abdol Reza Navah
Abstract
“Critical Bibliography of Shiite Sociology” is a book in which the authors deal with the Shiite religion from a sociological point of view and with regard to the works published during the last seven decades. In each of the eight chapters of the book, the authors have examined one of the ...
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“Critical Bibliography of Shiite Sociology” is a book in which the authors deal with the Shiite religion from a sociological point of view and with regard to the works published during the last seven decades. In each of the eight chapters of the book, the authors have examined one of the practical social issues of religion. In each chapter, one of the most investigative research articles is divided into topics according to characteristics such as the sociological study, the volume of the article, and the applicability of the postscripts. Due to the nature of group writing, the book does not have the necessary coordination in terms of content and subject matter. The authors of the book have tried to address the Shiite religion not from a theological, philosophical or jurisprudential point of view, but from its social aspect and the effects it has on society and cohesion among the people. The eight chapters of the book are as follows: Social History; Clericalism and Religious Authority; Politics and Power; Art, Literature, and Culture; Rites; Mysticism and Sufism; Religious Places and Pilgrimage; Expectation and Mahdism (Mahdawiyya). The method used in this work should be considered as a documentary and hermeneutical method in which the authors of various articles have further described their perceptions of a book and its content.
Foreign Languages
Mohammad Ahmadi Safa; Shadi Donyaee; Shilan Sohrabi; Mojtaba Farahani; Dayan Khasemi; Elahe Saeedpanah
Volume 18, Issue 8 , December 2018, , Pages 1-24
Abstract
This study set out to evaluate a rather newly developed textbook entitled "Prospect I". The textbook is developed as the main text for the nationwide application at the first grade of high school English courses by the Iranian ministry of education. To this end, a researcher-made questionnaire was developed ...
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This study set out to evaluate a rather newly developed textbook entitled "Prospect I". The textbook is developed as the main text for the nationwide application at the first grade of high school English courses by the Iranian ministry of education. To this end, a researcher-made questionnaire was developed and pilot tested. Bartlett's test of Sphericity, Keiser-Meyer-Olkin sampling adequacy measure, exploratory factor analysis and factor loadings, and Cronbach's Alpha measure of internal consistency were all run on the pilot study data, and the results verified acceptable levels of validity and reliability for the questionnaire. The validated questionnaire was given to 188 high school English teachers chosen based on convenience sampling procedure from seven provinces of the country. Moreover, 146 teachers sat for a semi-structured interview. The questionnaire and interview data analyses results revealed that the participating teachers were not satisfied with several aspects of the text including layout and design, the exercises and activities, the integration of the four skills, teachers book, grammar, vocabulary, language functions, and the proposed teaching methodology of the text.
Economy
Fatemeh Mehraban
Volume 17, Issue 3 , September 2017, , Pages 93-112
Abstract
This paper reviews the concepts mentioned in the book "Economics for Everyone", and provides a critical view on the content of the book. The emphasis of the book and the author's reasons for writing the book is that there is not enough exchange of information between economic students and populace about ...
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This paper reviews the concepts mentioned in the book "Economics for Everyone", and provides a critical view on the content of the book. The emphasis of the book and the author's reasons for writing the book is that there is not enough exchange of information between economic students and populace about economic issues. Although the book presents difficult and complex economic concepts in macroeconomics for public community through simple,, eloquent, and fluent language, the book ., the book does not seem suitable for those people people who lack the knowledge of economy because they need to know the assumptions and concepts in this field. Furthermore, overemphasis on the simplification of the concepts has led the author to neglect many of the prerequisite concepts. This leads to the reduced cohesion andlogical arrangement in details.Despite the overall coherence and the presentation of the analysis based on the neo-classical view, it seems that the review and reorganization of work in such a way that the reader can understand the relationship between the concepts listed and the course bookhelps to increase the coherence of the book.
political science
Elham Rasooli Saniabadi
Volume 16, Issue 41 , January 2016, , Pages 77-96
Abstract
International Relations theory as the most important field in human science divided to Foreign Policy analysis ( FPA) and international politics (IP) in behavioral revolution with different identities. Two subfield attend to study of state but from different perspectives. From that ...
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International Relations theory as the most important field in human science divided to Foreign Policy analysis ( FPA) and international politics (IP) in behavioral revolution with different identities. Two subfield attend to study of state but from different perspectives. From that time to now many books and articles have written about foreign policy analysis. For example the book of decision making patterns in Iran’s foreign policy places in this context and the main aim of this paper is the validity check of this Persian book. So in the first section of this paper we introduce the book and then we will list the prominent points and defects of this book. Finally we end the paper with conclusion.
Economy
Hossein Meisami; Ahmad Shabani; Mohammad Hasan Haqiqi
Volume 13, Issue 27 , April 2013, , Pages 135-155
Abstract
I This research attempts to not only study the status quo of preparing theses at Iranian universities in the fields of Islamic banking and economy, but also explore the existing challenges in this area offer solutions to them. To this end, this study investigates a sample of theses defended at the University ...
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I This research attempts to not only study the status quo of preparing theses at Iranian universities in the fields of Islamic banking and economy, but also explore the existing challenges in this area offer solutions to them. To this end, this study investigates a sample of theses defended at the University of Tehran, Shahid Beheshti University, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Imam Sadiq University, Tarbiat Modarres University, Mofid University, Al-Zahra University and the University of Economic Sciences. The findings of the research which have been obtained through the methods of library research and content analysis reveal that a significant number of defended theses focused on conventional economy. In the best-case scenarios, they have applied those areas on Iran’s economy. Thus, theses in which the concepts and applications of Islamic banking and economy are directly explored are few and far between. Furthermore, there appears to be a number of specific challenges and factors leading to the poor research in the area of Islamic banking and economy, which cannot be ignored. The findings of this research offer clear-cut solutions to reform the system of research in Islamic banking and economy.
Jurisprudence and Law
Manoochehr Tavassoli Naeeni
Volume 10, Issue 21 , December 2011, , Pages 1-205
Abstract
Establishing Iran law schools which were of the same style as law schools in Belgium and France during Qajar dynasty, caused Iran legal system to have a tendency to German- Roman legal traditions in addition to Islamic law. The history of law education in Iran shows that at the moment, Iran legal system ...
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Establishing Iran law schools which were of the same style as law schools in Belgium and France during Qajar dynasty, caused Iran legal system to have a tendency to German- Roman legal traditions in addition to Islamic law. The history of law education in Iran shows that at the moment, Iran legal system is far away from legal systems of the developed countries and has lost its dynamic nature. Thus we are in need of pathology of different fields of study in law in academic centers, regarding different dimensions like resources, teaching methods, and curriculum development. This can be done by comparative study of law education in Iran and other countries. In this article, we try to compare the history of law education and teaching method in Iran and France.
