Sociology
Asghar Izadi-Jeiran
Abstract
The relationship between individual and culture as the main subject in psychological anthropology had been engaged anthropologists from the early days of the discipline. Culture and Identity: The History, Theory, and Practice of Psychological Anthropology (second edition, 2007) by Charles Lindholm is ...
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The relationship between individual and culture as the main subject in psychological anthropology had been engaged anthropologists from the early days of the discipline. Culture and Identity: The History, Theory, and Practice of Psychological Anthropology (second edition, 2007) by Charles Lindholm is one of the best and most comprehensive resources in this field. The book is organized into five sections, with thirteen chapters. Lindholm began the book by exploring of self and individual in the culture and thought of the West, then turn to anthropology to show its contribution through ethnographic research. Some classic subjects of psychology such as self, thinking, emotions, and mental disorders are discussed by reference to anthropological legacy. Culture and Identity has many strengths including a good and concise review of philosophical approaches, extensive use of data of anthropological fieldworks, grounding the discussions of psychological anthropology in the broader contexts of some events in the scientific community, comprehensiveness of bibliography, and combining theory with experimental examples.
Sociology
Reza Bigdelou
Abstract
Identity, or the examination of who and what man is, has developed as a type of historical awareness and serves a variety of individual and societal functions. Due to the complexity of the identification process and the vastness of layers and aspects of identity, the growth of globalization, the establishment ...
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Identity, or the examination of who and what man is, has developed as a type of historical awareness and serves a variety of individual and societal functions. Due to the complexity of the identification process and the vastness of layers and aspects of identity, the growth of globalization, the establishment of modern and postmodern educational institutions and frameworks to describe its principles, elements, and functions, and the implications of recent political, social, and economic events, the subject of identity has become a critical and fundamental concern. In Iran also, identity has emerged as a critical social, political, and scientific issue. The purpose of this article is to perform a critical examination of the book Iranian Identity: From Antiquity to the End of Pahlavi emphasizing both its strengths and weaknesses. The study's findings signify that the book has become a widely cited source in the Iranian scientific ـ research community as a result of its theoretical principles and research methodology; however, the book's lack of operational definitions for key concepts, emphasis on Iranian identity discussion while ignoring other identity discussions, and inconsistencies in the theoretical and methodological framework, reliance on the periods of political history, and a neglect of the challenges resulting from the confrontation between Iranian and national identities, all contribute to the book's shortcomings.
Sociology
Mohammad Abbaszadedh; Sajjad Mesgarzadeh
Abstract
In the present article, the book Cities and Consumption written by Mark Jayne with a Persian translation by Morteza Ghalich was critically reviewed. Among the advantages of this book, we can refer to the views, theories, empirical backgrounds, case studies about the city, and consumption. The translation ...
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In the present article, the book Cities and Consumption written by Mark Jayne with a Persian translation by Morteza Ghalich was critically reviewed. Among the advantages of this book, we can refer to the views, theories, empirical backgrounds, case studies about the city, and consumption. The translation and writing of the book, despite providing important information about cities and consumption categories, need some critics, including the fact that despite the second edition of the book, the literary editing of translated texts was ignored and the inaccurate translation from the original texts is considerable. To the extent that some of the translated parts are incompatible with the original text of the book. Also, the content of the book does not provide a comprehensive explanation of the relationship between cities. In other words, the book has no theoretical or methodological presuppositions and the chapters are not formulated based on the main aim of the book. Jayne failed to explain the consumer and consumption status in the relationship between the structure of the political economy and the formation of the modern city and consumer society. He only considers consumption as an independent variable that is used by the consumer as a tool in shaping the modern city and everyday life; A claim that is not followed or substantiated in most parts of the book. Also, since the book is released in 2006, the statistical information and empirical backgrounds are not up to date.
political science
Shahab Dalili
Abstract
Numerous works and research have been written and published regarding the study and critique of the situation in the Middle East region. One of the most important analytical approaches in this regard is the analysis of identity conflicts. Regional and international thinkers and experts have analyzed ...
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Numerous works and research have been written and published regarding the study and critique of the situation in the Middle East region. One of the most important analytical approaches in this regard is the analysis of identity conflicts. Regional and international thinkers and experts have analyzed the current situation in the Middle East from this perspective. Amin Maalouf, a Lebanese-French national, focuses on the situation in the region and, consequently, the situation in the contemporary world from the perspective of identity conflicts. This article is dedicated to the review and critique of the book “Deadly Identities” and consequently the well-known study approach in his other works. A review of the book “Deadly Identities” shows that Ma’louf takes a critical approach to the situation of identity confrontations and traces the current situation in the Middle East to the historical period of the Crusades and the main reason for today's situation is introducing the identity “insiders”. Another elimination causes dissatisfaction on the part of individuals, peoples and tribes in different nations and creates violence, terror, war, and suicide attempts.
political science
Aliashraf Nazari
Abstract
The dynamic nature of political changes in the last two decades has led to a move towards new areas of science in order to understand and provide a realistic analysis of these changes. In the meantime, political psychology has attempted to bridge the gap between psychological, sociological, historical, ...
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The dynamic nature of political changes in the last two decades has led to a move towards new areas of science in order to understand and provide a realistic analysis of these changes. In the meantime, political psychology has attempted to bridge the gap between psychological, sociological, historical, philosophical, anthropological, and linguistic issues, in spite of the complexities that exist in different scientific fields, and to open new possibilities for reflection on political transformations. The expanding knowledge of political psychology with the multidisciplinary, dynamic, and applied nature has opened new horizons for those interested in presenting a new analysis of politics. The focus of the present paper is the introduction, critique and evaluation of the “Political Psychology” book, edited by John T Jost and Jim Sidanius in 2004 and published in New York by the Psychology Press. The main purpose of this article is methodological and theoretical analysis, critique, and evaluation of “Political Psychology” textbook.
political science
Bahram Navazeni
Abstract
This is a review of the book "Islam in Russia: the politics of identity and security” by Shirin T. Hunter, the Iranian-American Professor of Georgetown University, in collaboration with two of the researchers at the Center for strategic and international studies, Jeffrey Thomas and Alexander Melikishvili, ...
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This is a review of the book "Islam in Russia: the politics of identity and security” by Shirin T. Hunter, the Iranian-American Professor of Georgetown University, in collaboration with two of the researchers at the Center for strategic and international studies, Jeffrey Thomas and Alexander Melikishvili, published in New York in 2004. A translation of this work is done by Elahe Koulaei, Professor at Tehran University, and two of his colleagues, Seyedeh Motahare Hussein and Asma Moini by Nei press in Tehran. Although the book may not be considered as the main textbook for political science course subjects, but may certainly be acknowledged as holding valuable information about the Soviet Government and politics, the big power's foreign policy, in all branches of BA, MA and PhD fields of political science, international relations, and regional studies. This article is also trying to introduce this work and its authors and translators, as well as critically analyze the structural and contextual weakness and suggest some corrective tips for the next edition of it.
political science
hamid sajadi
Abstract
Over the past few decades, along with the increasing the complexity of social relationships in today’s societies, wider understanding of security has evolved and outweighed the military dimension, encompassing economic, social, environmental, and political aspects. In this regard, new definitions ...
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Over the past few decades, along with the increasing the complexity of social relationships in today’s societies, wider understanding of security has evolved and outweighed the military dimension, encompassing economic, social, environmental, and political aspects. In this regard, new definitions of security have been formulated, one of the most important of which is the concept of societal security. Despite the fundamental need for societal security in Iran’s society, research activities in the field of security are mainly focused on defense, international, national security and foreign policy. Thus, this paper reviews and analyzes three outstanding and main works that have attempted to theoretically formulate societal security in Iranian society. The book entitled "A Theoretical Introduction to Societal Security" by Ghadir Nasri (2011) is an effort to identify the principles of societal security in various theories which explain the main components of societal security in Iran based on such principles. “Societal Security: An Islamic Approach” (2013) by Asghar Eftekari aims at identifying societal security patterns in Islamic discourse and proposing operational principles for strengthening societal security in Islamic society. In “Historical Sociology of Security in Iran” (2012), adopting a historical sociological approach, Mirsondosi tries to provide a deep understanding of societal security based on historical developments in Iran and within the relationships in social, political, economic, and cultural areas. In the present research, introducing these works, their efforts to establish the societal security in Iranian society are examined in terms of their form and content.
Sociology
Khadijeh Safiri; Elnaz Shir Mohammadi
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to present a critical evaluation of The Deadly Identities, a book resulted from life experiences of the French-Lebanese author, Amin Maalouf, which has been written to explain an extremely significant issue: fascism, desire for domination, and deadly identities will be arisen ...
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The purpose of this paper is to present a critical evaluation of The Deadly Identities, a book resulted from life experiences of the French-Lebanese author, Amin Maalouf, which has been written to explain an extremely significant issue: fascism, desire for domination, and deadly identities will be arisen if different identities are offended and threatened with annihilation. People’s identities contain several and on occasion paradoxical elements; in other words, they benefit from hybrid identity. Therefore, one special possession should not be ascribed to them; they must demand all their belongings. By hybrid identity, it means that an individual can possess two nationalities, be born from parents with two different religions, speak in some languages whilst considers all of these as his/her possessions and see him/herself as belonging to them, too. In accordance with this meaning, human being’s dignity, departed from all identical differences, should be preserved. The most noticeable critical results, related to the form of the book, include typesetting, incorrect pronunciation of English words, and grammatical errors. Ignoring agency and the process of determining identity can be considered as the most severe criticisms in relation to the content.
Foreign Languages
Saeed Rezaei; Ashkan Latifi
Volume 15, Issue 36 , November 2015, , Pages 39-52
Abstract
Abstract The present study investigates the cultural and identity parameters manifested in the seventh grade English language textbook (Prospect 1) at Iranian schools. The primary focus of the study was on the characters, locales, apparel, foods, drinks, and professions presented in the book. ...
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Abstract The present study investigates the cultural and identity parameters manifested in the seventh grade English language textbook (Prospect 1) at Iranian schools. The primary focus of the study was on the characters, locales, apparel, foods, drinks, and professions presented in the book. The analysis of this textbook was based on content analysis, interview with 8 teachers and 12 domain experts in language teaching who had taught and analyzed the book respectively. The results of this analysis showed that the authors of the book were not successful enough in communicating and manifesting the cultural points in the book. The whole book was designed based on the Iranian local culture, as explicated by the Iranian Ministry of Education,shying away from the international cultural points. In addition, most of, if not wholly, cultural and identity issues of Tehran were highlighted and the parameters of other ethnicities and cultures were marginalized or totally neglected. Based on the findings achieved, some guidelines are provided at the end of the paper.
