Arabic Language and Literature
Mohammadreza Najjarian; Nafise Raisi Mobarake
Abstract
The research in Saadi's Arabic poetry is not at par with the Persian poems of this famous Iranian poet, either in terms of quality or quantity, this is more obvious in the correction and description of the text of these poems. The book of review of “Saadi's Arabic Poems Based on Applied Criticism” ...
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The research in Saadi's Arabic poetry is not at par with the Persian poems of this famous Iranian poet, either in terms of quality or quantity, this is more obvious in the correction and description of the text of these poems. The book of review of “Saadi's Arabic Poems Based on Applied Criticism” was published for the first time in 2015 by Shahid Madani University of Azerbaijan publisher. Amir Muqaddam Mottaghi, the author of the book, has tried, in his research, to evaluate Saadi's Arabic poems based on a research theory called applied criticism. He introduces this criticism as one of the types of practical criticism based on the effect on the reader. His book was published in 2017. The author has collected the contents of the book in three chapters. First, the theoretical framework of the discussion, then Saadi's life and works, and at the end, the review of Saadi's Arabic poems has been compiled on the basis of practical criticism. In this article, an effort is made to describe, analyze and criticize the mentioned book in the four axes of research structure, Saadiology, documentation of information and in-text references, errors, and content deficiencies. The insufficient and disorganized research method, the author's incorrect research theory, and the author's disregard for the principle of reference in the research have distracted the author from compiling a scientific and academic book that will resemble Saadi's Arabic poetry for the audience.
Arabic Language and Literature
Hesam Hajmomen Sichani
Abstract
This study examines the translation of Mohammad Baher from the book Literary Criticism of Principles and Methods by Seyyed Qutb, from the perspective of information transfer. The question is, what are the most important challenges of information transfer in translating the book? and in what areas ...
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This study examines the translation of Mohammad Baher from the book Literary Criticism of Principles and Methods by Seyyed Qutb, from the perspective of information transfer. The question is, what are the most important challenges of information transfer in translating the book? and in what areas is the translator's performance in terms of information transfer and why is it damaged? The study method is descriptive-analytical, and the Arabic book has been adapted to the Persian translation then the cases in which the translation has been damaged in the transmission of information have been extracted. The order of these injuries is then identified and the injuries are categorized. Under each category, injuries and their occurrence and causes are analyzed. The theory behind the study is Katrina Rice's "text typology" theory. This analysis shows that the translation is damaged in terms of information transfer in five areas: term, word, word combination, sentence, and inter-sentence relations. Finally, it will be concluded that the main challenge of translating the book is the fluctuation of language between the role of information and expression, and the other is the testimony of the various texts quoted in the book.
Foreign Languages
Hamideh Behjat
Abstract
A look into the history of the literature of the ancient nations reveals that epics are the most fundamental works. Major role players of such epics are the heroes who have their roots in the unconscious beings of a collection of human beings and their existence provides a response to man’s wishes, ...
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A look into the history of the literature of the ancient nations reveals that epics are the most fundamental works. Major role players of such epics are the heroes who have their roots in the unconscious beings of a collection of human beings and their existence provides a response to man’s wishes, aspirations, and needs. Therefore, hero-making is a phenomenon well inside man’s innate. The Indo-European tribes and then Iranians and Germans are no exception. This has resulted in such glorious epics as Shahnameh and The Song of the Nibelungs. This book has a special status in German Literature. The valuable work marks the national treasure and cultural heritage of the German language. This study tries to draw a critique and investigate the book in order to contribute to its better and more identification while encouraging Persian language scholars and literary figures to read the work. This research is the first in its kind to briefly introduce of “The Song of the Nibelungs”. After providing a concise summary of the story, this study explains concepts of the episode and epic and related history. Then while offering a careful investigation of the issue, this study criticizes the structure and content of this epic and identifies the episodic and historical elements of the work.
Persian Language and Literature
Amir Hossein Zanjanbar; Ayoob Moradi
Abstract
The book Children’s Literature in Iran is a university textbook that covers most of the topics of the Ministry of Science, for two units of “Children’s Literature” course at the undergraduate level. The author of the book is Mohammad Dehrizi, one of the authors of “Writing” ...
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The book Children’s Literature in Iran is a university textbook that covers most of the topics of the Ministry of Science, for two units of “Children’s Literature” course at the undergraduate level. The author of the book is Mohammad Dehrizi, one of the authors of “Writing” book in high school, a graduate of literature and one of the poets and writers of children and adolescents, who has won several national awards. The book was first published in 2009 under the title Iranian Children and Adolescent Literature, and its new edition was published in 2020. The book has many positive aspects, but due to common methodological weaknesses between this book and many books which are written in the realm of children's literature, the present study prefers to critique this book from an approbation point of view, rather than a critical one. A book has a scientific function to the extent that it can present the paradigms of a theory to the reader in a systematic hierarchy. Therefore, the main purpose of this article is to examine the method of systematizing the paradigms introduced in the book. In this regard, the book is reviewed in six areas: education, methodology, content, editing, chaptering, and aesthetics. This research, for the first time in Iran, reviews a book in the field of theoretical literature for children and adolescents.
Persian Language and Literature
Alireza Mohammadi Kalesar
Abstract
Methodology of literary research in the subject of citation is in relation to research ethics. In other words, the methodological mistakes can be followed by the moral ones. This paper, in this regard, critics the book Abd–ol-Hoseyn Zarinkoub’s Lectures of Literary Criticism by Ahmad Khatami. ...
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Methodology of literary research in the subject of citation is in relation to research ethics. In other words, the methodological mistakes can be followed by the moral ones. This paper, in this regard, critics the book Abd–ol-Hoseyn Zarinkoub’s Lectures of Literary Criticism by Ahmad Khatami. One of the emphasized points in this article is the ambiguous boundary between the author’s speech and his sources. This ambiguity has various dimensions including equivalence of sources and equivalence of main concepts and terms. In other words, as elimination of the distinction between the author and sources in citations of this book, as if there was no difference between author’s view and sources, and even among sources. The result of this point is the naturalization in the definition of main concepts and terms. In the end, it is argued that the methodological mistake has had obvious moral consequences and faults.
Arabic Language and Literature
Oveis Mohamadi
Abstract
Investigation of the Literary Texts: Critical Approaches in Poetry and Narrative Texts is a work in literary criticism in which the authors try to present a practical criticism about some selected texts, which are mostly written by contemporary Arab authors and poets. This book, as a critical criticism, ...
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Investigation of the Literary Texts: Critical Approaches in Poetry and Narrative Texts is a work in literary criticism in which the authors try to present a practical criticism about some selected texts, which are mostly written by contemporary Arab authors and poets. This book, as a critical criticism, does not consist of a mere description of critical theories, but the criticism is executed on the text. In this book, there are some weaknesses that are considerable and should be criticized; moreover, these weaknesses are present in lots of books and articles written in literary criticism. Then, the so-mentioned book is criticized in this article in form and content. Lack of mention of equivalences of technical terms in Latin and lack of use of footnotes or misuse of it, and also lack of coherence in the structures of narrative selected texts are the most obvious problems in the form of book. Regarding the content of book, the most important criticism is the restriction of the concept of critical theories and misreading it. In addition, the presented approaches are without a coherent structure and method and are written according to an immediate impression. Samples of these two problems are seen in dispersed ideas and incoherent analyses, simplistic readings, presentation of obvious ideas and criticisms and lack of referring to important references.
Arabic Language and Literature
Farhad Rajabi
Abstract
Literary criticism has been considered as one of the branches of research in the field of literature for a long time and has always been used as a method for analyzing, evaluating, and correcting literary texts. This branch of human knowledge nowadays, in view of the breadth and variety of literary productions, ...
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Literary criticism has been considered as one of the branches of research in the field of literature for a long time and has always been used as a method for analyzing, evaluating, and correcting literary texts. This branch of human knowledge nowadays, in view of the breadth and variety of literary productions, requires the use of most scientific findings to strengthen its ability and ability to perform its tasks. It is also noteworthy that these works are also subject to critique and evaluation from time to time. In this regard, the present paper seeks to examine a critique of Arabic language and literature with an analytical-critical reading. The book “Research in Contemporary Arabic Literature” by Mohammad Mostafa Hadara, is a book that has been considered in this article, while presenting a brief account of the contents of the book, we should mention the positions of strength and weakness in two categories of form and content. The results show that the book contains useful information and is well versed in considering two parts of poetry and prose, but it seems that due to the lack of a scientific method in criticizing and not following some principles accepted in this area, it is suggested that some some fundamental changes be made
Foreign Languages
Hassan Zokhtareh
Volume 18, Issue 8 , December 2018, , Pages 167-186
Abstract
Historical Criticism looked for the reality of the literary work at the extra-textual element that is the author. This approach considered to emphasis on the creation step and regarded the author’s intention as an only definite meaning and mere reality of the work. Lack of usefulness in analyzing ...
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Historical Criticism looked for the reality of the literary work at the extra-textual element that is the author. This approach considered to emphasis on the creation step and regarded the author’s intention as an only definite meaning and mere reality of the work. Lack of usefulness in analyzing some of literary works and also lack of suffice consideration on it and applying the human science’s different majors’ results in literal studying paved the way for the revelation of the set of new approaches each of which had ended to the meaning different from the work, unconscious meaning hidden from the author. The New Criticism phenomenon should defend itself against reprimands and complaints of traditional and academic Criticism, and prove its existence. Passing from philology to hermeneutic and to interpretation or somehow from absolutism to relativism, Barthes had a significant role. After New Criticism triumph against the literary history, he took a long step toward perfect erasing of the author from the entire field of the literary studies and consequently made it possible to pass from structuralism to post-structuralism. The result of the death of the author was the destruction of Criticism. After them, new notions such as text, writing, plurality of meaning, reader, reading, reception, and literary theory were taken into the core of considerations. The following article tries to analyze above subjects overtly, points out the case that has been neglected: The influence of Benveniste and Febvre on Barthes, Picard’s complaints on New Criticism, Doubrovsky’s existential psychology approach and opposition place between meaning and signification.
Foreign Languages
Fatemeh Asgari
Volume 18, Issue 8 , December 2018, , Pages 255-272
Abstract
Literary criticism, as a special branch of humanities and social sciences, is one of the most important topics in foreign literary studies and therefore mostly focused at the universities all around the world. Although the comprehension of literary and intellectual theories in its own historical contexts ...
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Literary criticism, as a special branch of humanities and social sciences, is one of the most important topics in foreign literary studies and therefore mostly focused at the universities all around the world. Although the comprehension of literary and intellectual theories in its own historical contexts does not seem always simple. In Iranian universities the history of criticism is abundantly studied too, and so many useful works in this case have been translated into Persian and are used by academic staffs and students today. The book presented here is recommended for the literary criticism in Italian language and literature course. However, the main flaw of this book, according to this paper, might be the lack of a detailed historical and methodical introduction about theories of literary criticism. Then some suggestions are given to improve these aspects.
Foreign Languages
Sara Tabatabae
Volume 18, Issue 3 , June 2018, , Pages 61-77
Abstract
Mohammad Taghi Ghiasi started his career of translator with the translation of a number of literary criticism books, including a Commentary on the Red and the Black of Stendhal, a Commentary on The Stanger of Camus and a Commentary on the Nausea of Sartre. According ...
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Mohammad Taghi Ghiasi started his career of translator with the translation of a number of literary criticism books, including a Commentary on the Red and the Black of Stendhal, a Commentary on The Stanger of Camus and a Commentary on the Nausea of Sartre. According to his claims, these translations provided useful resources to the scholars and critics of his time to get acquainted with new theories of critique and their applications on literary oeuvres. To verify the validity of this claim, we should first study the history of literary criticism of Iran in order to have a better understanding of its achievements and deficiencies before the advent of the above-mentioned translations. Then, we will examine the books themselves, their framework, goals and audience, to see if Ghiasi's selection has been innovative and responsive to his time requirements. Finally, the selective-composed approach of the translator in a Commentary on The Stanger of Camus will be studied.
Art
Hamid Askari Rabori
Volume 17, Issue 7 , January 2018, , Pages 93-105
Abstract
The association between Literature and Music is represented mostly in Vocal Music and the music of poetry. It is notable that the new compiled written works in the literary-musical field of “poetry and vocal music association” has encountered new issues rather than finding equivalence for ...
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The association between Literature and Music is represented mostly in Vocal Music and the music of poetry. It is notable that the new compiled written works in the literary-musical field of “poetry and vocal music association” has encountered new issues rather than finding equivalence for metric and rhythmic prosodic meters of Persian poetry which literary criticism has remained far from studying them. On the other hand, in recent decades, “Music of Poetry” concept with the formalist theme has suggested aesthetical criteria in studying and criticizing Persian poetry, and it has benefited from musical terms such as musicality, harmony, orchestration, etc. while musical critique has not presented any comment on written works of "music of poetry". Complexity and scarcity of theoretical sources of critique, its psychological and sociological obstacles are the reasons for the literary and musical criticism passivity in these areas. The findings of this article indicate that the term music in "Music of Poetry" is contrary to its definition by musicologists. They also represent that the study of written compiled works of “poetry and vocal music association” can considerably help to develop and extend new prosodical perspectives in the field of literary criticism. The results of this research as an interdisciplinary study include some suggestions for identifying and increasing the mutual interests of literary and musical criticisms, the most important of which is a proposition to form study groups and hold conferences on “Criticism of Poetry and Music".
Arabic Language and Literature
sayyed reza mirahmadi
Volume 17, Issue 1 , March 2017, , Pages 193-206
Abstract
The discussion of modernism and its pioneers is not new and goes back to the origins of modernism and the mingling of Arabic culture with other cultures that affected literary criticism in the works of many authors including Hajiz, Qodamah Ben Jafar, Ibne Qotaibah, Abolfaraj Isfahani and many others.This ...
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The discussion of modernism and its pioneers is not new and goes back to the origins of modernism and the mingling of Arabic culture with other cultures that affected literary criticism in the works of many authors including Hajiz, Qodamah Ben Jafar, Ibne Qotaibah, Abolfaraj Isfahani and many others.This has been analytically discussed by Hasan Darvish in his work "Alsho'ara al-Mohadathoon". He has shown modernism in different aspects of the works of poets. He has also compiled an excellent list of modernists and looked at different aspects of their poetry including the new language of poetry, novelty, structure, imagery, musicality, and intention. The voice of the author is clearly heard in this work through which he discusses different views and confirms or disconfirms them with acceptable evidence, and wherever possible expresses his own independent views on modernism
Arabic Language and Literature
Tooraj Zeinivand
Volume 15, Issue 34 , June 2015, , Pages 77-90
Abstract
The study and criticism on the book entitled” the comparative analysis on Roodaki’s and Aboo Navas’s Khomriat ”comprised by Said Fazl Alah Mir Ghaderi is to be examined here. This essay is to introduce this work as well as to analyze the different aspects of it, due to “properties”, ...
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The study and criticism on the book entitled” the comparative analysis on Roodaki’s and Aboo Navas’s Khomriat ”comprised by Said Fazl Alah Mir Ghaderi is to be examined here. This essay is to introduce this work as well as to analyze the different aspects of it, due to “properties”, ”failures”, and “should”. Some of innovations in this work including: the scientific saving in the unbiased references in criticism, carefulness in the analysis, the use of authentic scientific sources, the presentation of different lists at the end of book, the moral, religious approach to the comparative issue. The findings of essay show some failures including: to ignore the methodology in the comparative study, the descriptive-based issue, to avoid the research as well as to explore the unknown issues, to ignore the new research-based findings, to marginalize the literary criticism and aesthetic, the moody approach in the criticism…and this study is descriptive-analytical to examine Roodaki’s and Aboo Navas’s Khomriat on the context.
Persian Language and Literature
Ataollah Koopal
Volume 14, Issue 30 , September 2014, , Pages 75-89
Abstract
The period beginning from the second half of the twentieth century to the present time, in some countries, has been named as the postmodern. This kind of naming caused the culture, art, knowledge, and the social reactions of this era to be often associated with the term postmodern. Hence, the literature ...
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The period beginning from the second half of the twentieth century to the present time, in some countries, has been named as the postmodern. This kind of naming caused the culture, art, knowledge, and the social reactions of this era to be often associated with the term postmodern. Hence, the literature of this period eminently has been associated with the adjective; postmodern too. Each of the critics and philosophers of the West have defined some characteristics for the literature of this period. The present paper, while considering some of these characteristics, analyzes the book Postmodernism in Literary Fiction of Iran written by Dr. Mansoureh Tadaion, and deals with ups and downs and the adequacy of the mentioned book.
