political science
Navid Kalahroudi; Ahmad Bostani
Abstract
Javad Tabatabai’s intellectual project has been based on two main axes of the decline of political thought in Iran for the past three decades and in recent decades around the axis of Iranshahri thought. Tabatabai is one of the few writers who has used concepts to explain the history of political ...
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Javad Tabatabai’s intellectual project has been based on two main axes of the decline of political thought in Iran for the past three decades and in recent decades around the axis of Iranshahri thought. Tabatabai is one of the few writers who has used concepts to explain the history of political thought in Iran within a regular intellectual system, but the scope of his project has caused that not all the themes of Iranshahri political thought have been clearly outlined and studied. This article is an attempt to give a brief description of Tabatabai’s latest work and its important issues such as the position of the First Constitutional Assembly, the concept of tradition, the need to distinguish between nationalism and the Iranian idea, and a reflection on his views, especially on the relationship between his views and issues, contemporary Iran and its criticisms of contemporary intellectuals. The authors argue that although the legacy of ancient Iran is important and significant, without the reconstruction of the classical ideas that are called Iranshahri thought due to Tabatabai's own efforts nowadays, these ideas will remain in a state of ambiguity.
political science
Hamid Malekzadeh; Ahmad Khaleghi damghani
Abstract
From which point of view should one think about a system of thought or a current of thought in the life of a political thinker? This is the question that will determine the final analysis of how we deal with the various philosophical-political apparatuses. A confrontation that has, more than anything ...
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From which point of view should one think about a system of thought or a current of thought in the life of a political thinker? This is the question that will determine the final analysis of how we deal with the various philosophical-political apparatuses. A confrontation that has, more than anything else, within itself the specific intentions of the person who is describing a system of thought, as well as the issues that have necessitated a particular theory for the narrator. Any form of encountering a text, for the person who is writing about, is a search for an answer that must be presented to the concrete issues of political life at this point in time and space. It is with this premise that I try to write about some of the prison notes of the Italian thinker and political activist Antonio Gramsci. A collection for Persian speakers entitled State and Civil Society, translated by Abbas Milani, has been presented to the market by Akhtaran Publications. I will try to make this study based on an understanding of the concept of politics as a unifying factor to this part of Gramsci's writings,
political science
Reza Mirzad; Maqsood Ranjbar; Mohammad Hossein Asadi Davoodabad
Abstract
The party is one of the important components that has an important place in democratic systems. In fact, the party is the link between the practice of governance and the standards of governance. Davood Farihi in his book Jurisprudence and Party Governance tries to reconcile political jurisprudence with ...
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The party is one of the important components that has an important place in democratic systems. In fact, the party is the link between the practice of governance and the standards of governance. Davood Farihi in his book Jurisprudence and Party Governance tries to reconcile political jurisprudence with the government. It is related to the emergence of parliament and the concept of law in the contemporary era and explains the position of parties in the Islamic political system. The results of Farihi’s efforts show that the “party issue” in political jurisprudence is a logical extension of jurisprudence’s confrontation with the modern government. It is jurisprudential “but the fact is that the party in Iran is not jurisprudential and in this article, we criticize “the issue of the party in Iran is jurisprudential” in a descriptive and analytical way and based on library studies.
political science
Reza Najafzadeh
Abstract
In this manuscript, we try to examine the connection between the interpretation of the sacred text, the ideology of language, and the apparatuses of domination in Abu Zayd`s “Circles of Fear: Reading the Discourse about Women” with a focus on the issue of women. “Circles of Fear” ...
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In this manuscript, we try to examine the connection between the interpretation of the sacred text, the ideology of language, and the apparatuses of domination in Abu Zayd`s “Circles of Fear: Reading the Discourse about Women” with a focus on the issue of women. “Circles of Fear” is based on the text-based historical hermeneutics and Abu Zayd has a post-secular humanistic approach. In “Circles of Fear” he has used critical approaches such as subaltern theory and critique of ideological apparatuses within the framework of historical structuralism, and in addition to his Qur'anic views, he has also developed a kind of critical political sociology. In Abu Zayd’s critical theory, the abstractedness of the situation arises from the intertwined relations of Shari'a, political economy, and ruling power. In his analysis, we can see a net of power that overshadows the exploitative financial and economic relations and the interpretation of Sharia and with its repressive mechanisms, prevents critical awareness in the social space. This refusal of awareness in the Egyptian space is more severe and worse for women. This article reviews Abu Zaid’s views critically in five parts: Abu Zaid and critical theory of society; reconstruction of reawakening discourse and the history of Etzali belief; women in crisis discourse, the ideology of language and the production of domination; the defeat and historical decline and critique of anti-woman practices and discourses on the eve of the transition to the information age; and the critique of the commodification of women.
political science
Reza Nasiri Hamed
Abstract
Conservatism as an idea or ideology is strongly linked to objective political action and experience. Conservatives are often interested in maintaining what they see as desirable and of course, their resistance to changes deemed necessary by social and historical conditions that have made them prone to ...
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Conservatism as an idea or ideology is strongly linked to objective political action and experience. Conservatives are often interested in maintaining what they see as desirable and of course, their resistance to changes deemed necessary by social and historical conditions that have made them prone to titles such as reactionary. The book “Reactionary Mind” has formed and studied the dimensions of this idea especially in Western Europe and the United States with the main claim that the idea of conservatism has always been based on dealing with the revolutionary currents, especially from the left tradition. Although the book is composed of material that has been published separately in different places in the past, it still tries to discuss a common trajectory beyond the study of various historical and political issues. In this article, with a brief look at the idea of conservatism, the view of “Corey Robin”, as the author of this book, is reviewed and criticized according to its Persian translation. In addition, it is tried to survey other dimensions of the idea of conservatism which is ignored and should be covered later.
political science
Aliashraf Nazari
Abstract
The dynamic nature of political changes in the last two decades has led to a move towards new areas of science in order to understand and provide a realistic analysis of these changes. In the meantime, political psychology has attempted to bridge the gap between psychological, sociological, historical, ...
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The dynamic nature of political changes in the last two decades has led to a move towards new areas of science in order to understand and provide a realistic analysis of these changes. In the meantime, political psychology has attempted to bridge the gap between psychological, sociological, historical, philosophical, anthropological, and linguistic issues, in spite of the complexities that exist in different scientific fields, and to open new possibilities for reflection on political transformations. The expanding knowledge of political psychology with the multidisciplinary, dynamic, and applied nature has opened new horizons for those interested in presenting a new analysis of politics. The focus of the present paper is the introduction, critique and evaluation of the “Political Psychology” book, edited by John T Jost and Jim Sidanius in 2004 and published in New York by the Psychology Press. The main purpose of this article is methodological and theoretical analysis, critique, and evaluation of “Political Psychology” textbook.
political science
Bahram Navazeni
Abstract
This is a review of the book "Islam in Russia: the politics of identity and security” by Shirin T. Hunter, the Iranian-American Professor of Georgetown University, in collaboration with two of the researchers at the Center for strategic and international studies, Jeffrey Thomas and Alexander Melikishvili, ...
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This is a review of the book "Islam in Russia: the politics of identity and security” by Shirin T. Hunter, the Iranian-American Professor of Georgetown University, in collaboration with two of the researchers at the Center for strategic and international studies, Jeffrey Thomas and Alexander Melikishvili, published in New York in 2004. A translation of this work is done by Elahe Koulaei, Professor at Tehran University, and two of his colleagues, Seyedeh Motahare Hussein and Asma Moini by Nei press in Tehran. Although the book may not be considered as the main textbook for political science course subjects, but may certainly be acknowledged as holding valuable information about the Soviet Government and politics, the big power's foreign policy, in all branches of BA, MA and PhD fields of political science, international relations, and regional studies. This article is also trying to introduce this work and its authors and translators, as well as critically analyze the structural and contextual weakness and suggest some corrective tips for the next edition of it.
political science
Mokhtar Nouri; Homayoun Abbasabadi
Abstract
The Problem of Development has always been a topic of discussion for researchers and thinkers in various fields of social sciences. In this framework, “Critical Approach to Community-Based Development” is one of the leading works in the field of sociology of development, written by Margaret ...
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The Problem of Development has always been a topic of discussion for researchers and thinkers in various fields of social sciences. In this framework, “Critical Approach to Community-Based Development” is one of the leading works in the field of sociology of development, written by Margaret Ledwith. Ledwith is a researcher in the field of communitarianism and social justice, which in this work examines the development of community-based. She has focused both on objective developments in Western societies such as England in the context of globalization and on two philosophical turning points of the twentieth century: the Brazilian philosopher Paolo Freire and the Italian philosopher Antonio Gramsci. According to Ledwith, community-based development requires a search between theory and method. According to him, community-based development forms the knowledge that is based on justice, equality, and democracy. It seems that the connection between theory and practice for change is one of the innovations of Ledwith in this work. The purpose of this article is to introduce the mentioned work, critique and evaluate it in both form and content and focus on Iranian society.
political science
Behnam Joodi; Majid Tavassoli Roknabadi
Abstract
The main focus of this article is a review of Critique and Crisis, Enlightenment and the Pathogenesis of Modern Society by Reinhart Koselleck. Critique and Crisis was first published in German in 1959 and published in English in 1988 by The MIT Press. Koselleck’s book attempts to explain the Utopian ...
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The main focus of this article is a review of Critique and Crisis, Enlightenment and the Pathogenesis of Modern Society by Reinhart Koselleck. Critique and Crisis was first published in German in 1959 and published in English in 1988 by The MIT Press. Koselleck’s book attempts to explain the Utopian ideas of the twentieth century by looking at their origins in the eighteenth. The main idea of Critique and Crisis is that the Enlightenment itself became Utopian and even hypocritical because-as far as continental Europe was concerned-it saw itself excluded from political power-sharing. The structure of Absolutism, which was rooted in the dichotomy between sovereign and subject, between public policy and private morality, prevented the Enlightenment and the emancipation movement produced by it from seeing itself as a political phenomenon. Instead the Enlightenment developed patterns of thought and behaviour which, at the latest from 1789 onwards, foundered on the rocks of the concrete political challenges that arose. The Enlightenment succumbed to a Utopian image which, while deceptively propelling it, helped to produce contradictions that could not be resolved in practice and prepared the way for the Terror and for dictatorship. The main idea of Koselleck’s book seems to be based on the idea of Carl Schmitt in The Leviathan in the State Theory of Thomas Hobbes, which he explains and expand in this book. Koselleck’s critique and its historical entwinement with twentieth-century totalitarianism is a biased or willfully selective picture.
political science
Masoud Akhavan Kazemi
Abstract
Discussions about the relationship between religion and state or religion and politics in the contemporary era have been discussed more than in any other period, especially in relation to the religion of Islam. However, Muslims in most post-Islamic historical periods have had religious states that were ...
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Discussions about the relationship between religion and state or religion and politics in the contemporary era have been discussed more than in any other period, especially in relation to the religion of Islam. However, Muslims in most post-Islamic historical periods have had religious states that were either characterized by Islamic descriptions or attributed themselves to Islam. However, the existence and continuity of states with Islamic titles or appearances in the geography of the Islamic world and throughout the history of Islamic societies have never meant that these states are real and complete examples of “State in Islam”. Therefore, it has always been felt that Muslim states throughout history, as a matter of fact, should be compared with the state in Islam, as a truth, to be compared to the extent to which these states have adapted or deviated from the Islamic standard state. In this regard, the present article, while reviewing and analyzing the book “History of State Transformation in Islam” and raising fundamental issues in the field of principles, goals, and functions of the state of the Prophet of Islam, as a standard Islamic state, tries to evaluate the success of the work in achieving its intended purpose.
political science
Farzad Azarkamand
Abstract
The book of “Sociology of Modernity, Liberty and Discipline” presents a historical-sociological narrative of Western modernity. In this book, different types of modernity - Western Europe, Soviet Socialism, and Western America - have been studied with a historical approach. The writer of ...
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The book of “Sociology of Modernity, Liberty and Discipline” presents a historical-sociological narrative of Western modernity. In this book, different types of modernity - Western Europe, Soviet Socialism, and Western America - have been studied with a historical approach. The writer of the work believes that modern institutions are in conflict with freedom and discipline, and sociology is nothing more than a description of modernity, freedom, and discipline. This means that modernity, in contrast to what initially showed itself as an individual and social freedom, took on a restrictive and disciplinary character. According to the author, the most important features of modernity are the passage from a free society to the disciplinary community and the rule of discipline for the formation of the political society. The dual nature of modernism and the domination of discipline and the restriction of individual and social freedoms at the foot of the rationality of modernism have eliminated the dream of achieving true freedom. The author’s suggestion is that the new collectivization and the formation of transitional congregations could be considered a way to get rid of the discipline of modernity.
political science
Akbar Ashrafi
Abstract
This book has examined the historical course of Imam Khomeini’s struggles. In this review, the respected researcher used a simple and fluent pen that is comprehensible to all audiences of the book. However, it has omitted some of the events affecting the process of the Islamic Revolution in Iran. ...
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This book has examined the historical course of Imam Khomeini’s struggles. In this review, the respected researcher used a simple and fluent pen that is comprehensible to all audiences of the book. However, it has omitted some of the events affecting the process of the Islamic Revolution in Iran. On the other hand, the title chosen for the book is a theoretical title using the concept of ‘discourse’, while the researcher has not addressed the theoretical issues of ‘discourse’ in this book, and his research method, is not a discourse method, and so he had better use a historical title for his work. In this critical article, in addition to presenting a summary of the mentioned work, methodological and content critiques of the book are also presented in different sections. The main criticism of this work is that the title of the book is an idea, while the content and method used in it are historical. Also, in explaining the Islamic Revolution from Imam Khomeini’s point of view, the theory of the Islamic Revolution sought by Imam Khomeini should have been studied through his political thought, which has been neglected.
political science
Seyedeh Motahare Hoseyni; Fatemeh Eidi; Razieh Mousavyfar
Abstract
Anna Zelkina in her book, entitled “Islamic Movement at North Caucasus”, the original name of which is “In Quest for God and Freedom: The Sufi Response to the Russian Advance in the North Caucasus”, printed in London, discusses the relation between ideas and reality, ...
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Anna Zelkina in her book, entitled “Islamic Movement at North Caucasus”, the original name of which is “In Quest for God and Freedom: The Sufi Response to the Russian Advance in the North Caucasus”, printed in London, discusses the relation between ideas and reality, especially how a religion can challenge values, social system, and cultural laws of a society. She especially attends to the effects of a mystical, political, and historical phenomenon which acted when Russian troops attacked Caucasus about 300 years ago. In this article, we study different parts of her book and discuss her view of Sufism. We also debate contextual poverty and potency of the book and introduce all the seasons of her book. As far as the structure critique is concerned, we have discussed the translational problems. The methodology of the article is documentary especially with library sources. The conclusion shows that by political view to cultural identity of Caucasian Muslims, Sufism is a way for staying in front of despotic and irreligious rulers, like Russian ones.
political science
Abbas Khalaji
Abstract
This article is an analytical-critical review of “Preindustrial Communities, or An Anatomy of Pre-Modern World” by Patricia Crone. This study is mainly concerned with the theoretical aspect and the content of the book. Hence, the scientific method, theoretical approach, and historical data, ...
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This article is an analytical-critical review of “Preindustrial Communities, or An Anatomy of Pre-Modern World” by Patricia Crone. This study is mainly concerned with the theoretical aspect and the content of the book. Hence, the scientific method, theoretical approach, and historical data, and the content analysis of the book are evaluated, and its strengths, and shortcomings are identified. Accordingly, the critical phase of this study is presented in three sections relating to form, methodology, and content. The strong points of the book relate to the fact that the author retains powerful imagination, precise visualization, interpretive analysis of the preindustrial situation, and the ability to illustrate the cultural, political, social, and economic situations of pre-modern era with an accurate explanation of the positions of politics, government, culture, society, individuals, and religion.
political science
Farhad Zivyar; Mostafa Rezaee Hosseinabadi; Amir Etemadi Bozorg
Abstract
In her Book, Modern Western Political Thought, Alireza Ismailzad has written a relatively comprehensive look at the developments in political thought in the West from the seventeenth century to the postmodern situation. The main premise in the critique of this book is based on the necessity of producing ...
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In her Book, Modern Western Political Thought, Alireza Ismailzad has written a relatively comprehensive look at the developments in political thought in the West from the seventeenth century to the postmodern situation. The main premise in the critique of this book is based on the necessity of producing such works. Because of the existence of a large number of books in the field of Western Political Thought, including authorship and translation, the importance of innovation in the production of new works is doubled. Does this mean that there is basically a new need for rethinking in this area? And, does this book open a new window on Western Political Thought? Regardless of its strengths, the book has objections to chronological, thematic, thematic classification, how modern political thought was formed and evolved in the West, the choice of political thinkers, and the methodology of analyzing and interpreting the findings. For example, ignoring the theoretical foundations of the emergence of modern political thought such as the renaissance, not mentioning the theories of thinkers such as Luther, Machiavelli, and Hobbes, lack of sociological approach, and most importantly, the exclusion of the basic foundations of modern political thought, including politics, government, sovereignty, identity, nationality, etc. are the most prominent shortcomings of the book.
political science
Salman Sadeghizadeh
Abstract
Networks of Outrage and Hope is one of the newest explanations about new social movements. Alain Touraine adopted the “new social movements” expression to describe the new forms of societal recourse for change in “post-industrial society” and made it the counterpart for “social ...
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Networks of Outrage and Hope is one of the newest explanations about new social movements. Alain Touraine adopted the “new social movements” expression to describe the new forms of societal recourse for change in “post-industrial society” and made it the counterpart for “social movements” in “industrial society”. Touraine and his students, Castells and Melucci, analyzed the mentioned movements in a completely different social context, although they were not the same in their method. Other thinkers like Offe have focused on economic relations, and Englehart and Pakulski emphasized the cultural nature of these newly apparent movements. Castells in Networks of Outrage and Hope speaks of the network society in which there are the super network of power and super network of counter-power describing new social interactions. In the network society, movements have a hybrid characteristic and are divided into two spheres of places and spaces, which in turn make a new model of actions. Castells refers to this model to analyze the movements in the age of information and reconsider the events in Iceland, Tunisia, Egypt, Syria, Spain, and the U.S. by applying the mentioned model. The merit of Castells analysis is to introduce a well-coherent theoretical framework to explain the dynamics of movement, and the demerit is omitting the logic of social relations of production and consumption in the studied societies.
political science
Ebrahim Taheri
Abstract
Revolutionary waves have always been a challenge to political systems. The culmination of these revolutions was in the twentieth century. In the 21st century, revolutions have become a serious challenge to the political systems of the Middle East and North Africa. To explain why and how the revolution ...
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Revolutionary waves have always been a challenge to political systems. The culmination of these revolutions was in the twentieth century. In the 21st century, revolutions have become a serious challenge to the political systems of the Middle East and North Africa. To explain why and how the revolution took place, the general theories and models of the revolution have been presented by political scientists. This is especially true for sociologists of the revolution. Hossein Bashirieh, a former associate professor at the University of Tehran with a specialization in political sociology, is trying to provide general analytical models in this regard. The book From Crisis to Collapse: An Inquiry into the Persistence or Collapse of Political Systems is written with this approach in mind, which will be reviewed and criticized in this study. In this regard, a general introduction about the work and the author will be presented in the introduction. Then, in the second topic, in two separate domains, the formal and content aspects of the work are examined, and finally, in the third topic, with a critical approach, the formal and content shortcomings of the book are mentioned. Moreover, the conclusion is the final part of this article.
political science
Mahdi Fadaei Mehrabani; Zaniar Ebrahimi
Abstract
Giovanni Gentile is the most important philosopher of fascism. His influential book Origins and Doctrine of Fascism has a key role in the theoretical aspects of fascism. In other words, the significance of this book is providing a theoretical justification of fascism as an ideology. In the present article, ...
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Giovanni Gentile is the most important philosopher of fascism. His influential book Origins and Doctrine of Fascism has a key role in the theoretical aspects of fascism. In other words, the significance of this book is providing a theoretical justification of fascism as an ideology. In the present article, by studying the different ideas raised by Gentile, I attempt to clarify how Gentile explains the internal logic of Italian fascism. I will try as much as possible to show how Gentile provides a theoretical support for fascism in Italy. Furthermore, the article has a critical review of this book in the last part.
political science
Meysam Ghahreman
Abstract
The main concern of this paper is to counter the ruling rationality of the humanities, which makes writings and classrooms of “Riskless and timely Foucault”. The rationality that has appropriated Foucault to reproduce the student-teacher relationship and write treatises and scientific books. ...
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The main concern of this paper is to counter the ruling rationality of the humanities, which makes writings and classrooms of “Riskless and timely Foucault”. The rationality that has appropriated Foucault to reproduce the student-teacher relationship and write treatises and scientific books. According to this rationality, first, Foucault is Periodize, and then these periods are taught by a professor who, as a subject, is confronted with Foucault’s object and strictly observes the method of scientific references while truth Foucault (Truth does not mean the exact references of the subject to the object of Foucault’s works) is an untimely Foucault that develops an immanent life in the present. Therefore, in order to counter the academic Foucault, it is necessary to provide a reading of the Foucault that has no Periodization (One should not even understand the periods in relation to each other) because these Periodizations make it possible that Foucault can be conquered by the forces of academic rationality. As a result, Foucault’s method should be considered as a subjectification and continuous production of the untimely, whereby the subjugation of knowledge and relations of power are immanent subjects as an immanent life.
political science
Shervin Moghimi Zanjani
Abstract
The main subject of this paper is Robert Filmer’s Patriarcha which is the essential text in the history of political thought and in a sense it is one of the most important sources of the controversial debates on politics in early modern England. We think that Patriarcha was one of the last systematic ...
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The main subject of this paper is Robert Filmer’s Patriarcha which is the essential text in the history of political thought and in a sense it is one of the most important sources of the controversial debates on politics in early modern England. We think that Patriarcha was one of the last systematic and coherent attempts to defend the "natural character of politics" and "divine right of kings to rule given by God alone. We try to show that Filmer’s point of view, in spite of its affinities with ancient political philosophers, it was essentially different because it is totally based on the revelation. Generally, we will attempt to understand Filmer’s text in the light of the rhetorical war between the defenders of the pre-modern political conception (emphasizing the naturalness of politics and denying the equity in political rights) and the proponents of the new politics (emphasizing the artificial character of politics and the idea of ‘the individual possessed unconditional right by nature”.) Also, we cast light on the Persian translation of the Patriarcha and argue that the non-literalness of this rendering has led to some misunderstandings and erroneous equivalents.
political science
Alireza MollayeeTavani; Sareh Asgari
Abstract
This article reviews the book “Women in the Legislation Arena in Iran (1285-1395)” written by Manchoohr Nazari. This book is one of the rare studies on the topic of women suffrage, so it is of great importance. The main formal critique of this book has to do with plagiarism mainly because ...
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This article reviews the book “Women in the Legislation Arena in Iran (1285-1395)” written by Manchoohr Nazari. This book is one of the rare studies on the topic of women suffrage, so it is of great importance. The main formal critique of this book has to do with plagiarism mainly because the author has not followed the rules in citations, and many of the references are either missing or faulty. Despite the reachability of the first-handed documents, in many cases, the secondary documents have been cited, and in some cases, the secondary references have been intentionally dismissed, and the author has cited them as the first-handed document directly. The main content-based shortcomings are as follow: inconsistency of title with content, the loss of the first- handed references such as documents, extended negotiations, periodicals, memories, formal reports, and simultaneous historiography, ignoring other events and variables leading to the suffrage of women in the span of 57 years, missing to analyze some events and delivering very hurried, a superficial and skimming overview of the many of influential events and opinions, as well as proposing some contradicted demonstrations. Considering all the formal and content-based aspects of this book, it could be concluded that the book, despite its pompous title, has failed to sketch out an accurate account of events leading to the suffrage of women.
political science
Reza Najafzadeh
Abstract
This article is dedicated to the evaluation of Spinoza’s TTP. TTP is one of the most valuable treatises of the Enlightenment and represents the controversy of the old and the new in seventeenth-century Europe. The treatise includes the historical hermeneutics of Scripture and represents Spinoza’s ...
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This article is dedicated to the evaluation of Spinoza’s TTP. TTP is one of the most valuable treatises of the Enlightenment and represents the controversy of the old and the new in seventeenth-century Europe. The treatise includes the historical hermeneutics of Scripture and represents Spinoza’s republican political philosophy. The theological chapters of TTP, as well as its political chapters, contain topics that can be useful to the Iranian society involved in religious politics and political religion. Spinozist studies in Iran have not been significant compared to Anglo-Saxon, Jewish, and French traditions. These studies in the form of authorship and translation have become more serious from 2010 onward. The translation of TTP by Ali Ferdowsi in Iran is a good endeavor in itself, but there are also criticisms. For several reasons, Ferdowsi’s translation cannot be considered the end of the road: abstruse and unfamiliar language, unequal equivalents, misplacement of some sentences and words, and especially exclusive reliance on Silverthorne-Israel translation and lack of direct reference to Latin and other versions of this treatise can be enumerated as the pitfalls.
political science
Hamid Nassaj
Abstract
“Nations Matter” is a passionate defense of nationalism in the age of cosmopolitanism. Craig Calhoun sees cosmopolitanism as a raw fantasy and nationalism as a realistic view. He called the formation of a world-democratic city-state a charming but unattainable ideal and claimed that now, ...
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“Nations Matter” is a passionate defense of nationalism in the age of cosmopolitanism. Craig Calhoun sees cosmopolitanism as a raw fantasy and nationalism as a realistic view. He called the formation of a world-democratic city-state a charming but unattainable ideal and claimed that now, in the first decade of the twenty-first century; the discourse of globalization is foggy more than it was in the 1990s. In this short article, fifteen critiques are presented to the author’s claim. The most important criticism is that the growth of extremist nationalism in the United States and Europe cannot be considered a defeat for the world because social change will generally take place in a sinusoidal, mixed-resistance path, and in the process of ups and downs. The rise of Trump, Brexit, and the like is part of a global resistance movement that is quite natural. The resistance will continue and may intensify, but on a larger scale, the general trend is still in favor of globalization, and nationalism is nothing but a decline.
political science
Ghadir Nasri
Abstract
Nigel Warburton has noticed critical points in his work (Freedom: An Introduction with Readings, 2001) which are of paramount importance with regard to a deep visioning and conceptualization of freedom for the world, and today’s mankind. Regarding the significant role of freedom, the present article ...
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Nigel Warburton has noticed critical points in his work (Freedom: An Introduction with Readings, 2001) which are of paramount importance with regard to a deep visioning and conceptualization of freedom for the world, and today’s mankind. Regarding the significant role of freedom, the present article aims to review Warburton’s book with respect to policy and daily life. The main question of this research is the importance and necessity of debates on freedom, so this article tries to review his findings and critiques in that book. So, the writer of the article asks about new findings of Warburton and other writers whose works have been published in that work. According to this review, liberty (or freedom) is an ancient discussion and discusses issues concerning whose liberty, why liberty, how liberty, and the criteria of liberty in political philosophy. However, this an important achievement that Warburton has succeeded in bringing an abstract problem to politics and policymaking. Moreover, he, such as other analytic political philosophers, explains “liberty” in daily life. He has attached excellent studies written by well-known theoreticians on freedom. All of them have separated negative freedom from positive, and this separation is problematic in our research.
political science
Reza Nasiri Hamed
Abstract
Alienation has been one of the most important philosophical and social concepts since Hegel’s time, which has been somewhat diminished in recent times. Based on a philosophical and social approach, Rahel Jaeggi in her book takes back the history of alienation to Rousseau’s thought and criticizes ...
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Alienation has been one of the most important philosophical and social concepts since Hegel’s time, which has been somewhat diminished in recent times. Based on a philosophical and social approach, Rahel Jaeggi in her book takes back the history of alienation to Rousseau’s thought and criticizes his and others’ essentialist approach, arguing that alienation should be surveyed in the context of concrete social relations. In this view, alienation appears when the human relationship with others, including the roles who have taken on, are disrupted, or as Jaeggi stated, they are placed in the “Relation of Relationlessness”. It is clear that man does not have a separate and independent nature from society and its relations and roles until that can be used as a criterion for evaluating the situation of human alienation. Therefore, although social roles and collective relations sometimes lead to human alienation, at the same time, social interactions offer capacities and possibilities for human liberation, and therefore escapement from alienation should not be sought outside the society and its relations.
