Methodology
Mohammad Shojaeian; Sajad Rostamipoor
Abstract
"Methodology of Political Science" aims to collect, classify, describe and analyze research methods in political science. Dr. Haghighat's book entitled "Methodology of Political Science" has tried to review and critique most of the existing methodologies in the field of political science. The chapters ...
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"Methodology of Political Science" aims to collect, classify, describe and analyze research methods in political science. Dr. Haghighat's book entitled "Methodology of Political Science" has tried to review and critique most of the existing methodologies in the field of political science. The chapters of the book have a good consistency and the esteemed author has adopted a coherent method in reviewing and criticizing the methods. In some cases, paying attention to the indigenous atmosphere of Iranian society has made the contents of the book more useful. Paying attention to the distinction between research method and methodology is one of the highlights of the present study. On the other hand, obscurity in the definition of humanities and politics, lack of a clear criterion for classifying research methods, and ambiguity in methodological pluralism are among the most important shortcomings of the book. The respected author considers the methodology of social and political sciences as part of the philosophy of these sciences. But in the study of methods, the emphasized meaning of methodology has been seriously neglected. There is a conflict between the vagueness and the predicament of the concepts discussed in the book and the claim of uncertainty in the humanities. Pluralism is defended in the field of methodology, but the multiplicity and diversity of meanings of the concepts in political science in general and Iranian society, in particular, is rejected as a crisis and ambiguity.
Management and Policy Making
Elham Ebrahimi
Abstract
Familiarity with research methodology is a requirement for any research project. What is seen in most works of writing or translating is a mere focus on teaching one or more research methods. The “Handbook of Mixed Methods in Social and Behavioral Sciences Research” has a different approach ...
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Familiarity with research methodology is a requirement for any research project. What is seen in most works of writing or translating is a mere focus on teaching one or more research methods. The “Handbook of Mixed Methods in Social and Behavioral Sciences Research” has a different approach and has been written by pursuing the three goals of explaining philosophical tendencies, methodological formulation, and method, and finally the application of mixed research. This distinction, which makes the book stand out from other works in the field, was the reason it was chosen for critique. The Persian translation of the book, by Tashakkori and Teddlie was investigated based on the evaluation criteria of the Council for Reviewing Books and Texts on Human Sciences in two areas of structural and content criticism. The main strengths of the book are, focusing on the four bases of research paradigms i.e., ontology, epistemology, axiology, and strictly methodology of mixed research, multiplicity, and diversity of views and using the pioneers in the field of research methods in writing chapters and also providing primary valid sources, examples and case studies. At the same time, the effect has points for improvement, the most important of which are the overlap in the content of some chapters, the naming and arrangement of chapters, and the literal translation of some sentences.
Anthropology
Sayyed Hossein Hosseini
Abstract
The main question of this study is to determine the conceptual relation between "social refining (Tahzibe ejtemaie)" with "social human" to address one of the most important challenges of today's society on how human interaction in complicated and new social relations. Therefore, after introducing the ...
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The main question of this study is to determine the conceptual relation between "social refining (Tahzibe ejtemaie)" with "social human" to address one of the most important challenges of today's society on how human interaction in complicated and new social relations. Therefore, after introducing the general framework of the book "Social Human" by Dahrendorf and briefly describing its formative dimensions, this study deals with the basic concepts of social humans. This study will show that it is possible to go beyond the thought of a "problem analysis unit" and provide a more precise social conception. Although Dahrendorf considered two concepts of social role and social position as the constituents of social human beings and in this way, the two realities of individual and society are interconnected, since the subject in his mind was not "social refining", it has not been studied so far how we can link social human to social refining? In his analysis, Dahrendorf assumed an independent identity for the two concepts of individual and society, and according to him, a social human is a human being who has different social roles. Thus, social human should be called "human in society", but in another analysis, the individual cannot be imagined independently of society, but the real identity of individuals is formed in society and social relations. The present study deals with the three features of social refining and organizational power. Finally, it emphasizes the research necessities in this regard and especially the issue of a comprehensive moral plan.
Economy
Ali Saeedi
Abstract
Methodology of Islamic Economics is a textbook for MA and PhD students of Islamic economics. Using the concept of institution, the author has tried to make a connection between the Shari'a rules, as matters of conventionals, and economic realities and concludes that differences of conventionals in Islamic ...
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Methodology of Islamic Economics is a textbook for MA and PhD students of Islamic economics. Using the concept of institution, the author has tried to make a connection between the Shari'a rules, as matters of conventionals, and economic realities and concludes that differences of conventionals in Islamic societies and others, requires differences in social realities and so Islamic economics requires a different methodology. The author then examines a list of institutions derived from the Shari'a rules and how it affects social realities. The main drawback of the book is to move away from the methodology and there is almost no discussion about the evaluation of theories of Islamic economics or the criterion of the scientific nature of these theories. Much of the book discusses the differences between Islamic economics theories from those of neoclassical economics. The author has used some concepts of institutionalism without clarifying the relationship between institutionalism and Islamic economics. The critique of the foundations of neoclassical economics also relies on other schools of economics, including the German historical school and behavioral and institutional economics, while the author was expected to critique from the perspective of Islamic economics. It is suggested that the title of the book can be changed and the author can make a fundamental review of the book's topics in the next edition.
Arabic Language and Literature
Abdolrazagh Rahmani
Abstract
The research method is one of the fundamental courses that has been grown well in recent decades and has been well received; but unfortunately, despite the emphasis today on the research method and its proper application in various fields of science, we are witnessing less attention to this issue and ...
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The research method is one of the fundamental courses that has been grown well in recent decades and has been well received; but unfortunately, despite the emphasis today on the research method and its proper application in various fields of science, we are witnessing less attention to this issue and its methods and principles in student research. Since most universities focus on research and research programs, they try to increase the student's awareness and knowledge of research methods in specialized fields. The book Concise of the Approach to Scientific Research on Education and Anthropology written by Dr Saif al-Islam has tried to explain the method of scientific research and the principles of dissertation writing to students. In the present study, this book has been reviewed and criticized with a descriptive-analytical method and has enumerated some of its advantages and shortcomings. Based on the findings of the current study, the author's ability to explain the content, coherence and order of topics, emphasizing the need to use a computer in scientific research, and observing writing marks are among the most important strengths of the book. However, lack of attention to in-text citations, lack of use of sources, and lack of comprehensiveness of some content and lack of explanation of the difference between methodology and research methods are the shortcomings of the book.
Methodology
Mohammad Shojaeian; Mohammad Reza Taheri
Abstract
The book Philosophy of Social Sciences by Michael Root mainly supports a perfectionist approach to the social sciences. In the sense that he believes that social scientists should try to present a conception of the good that is common among research actors. Feminist approaches to the social sciences ...
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The book Philosophy of Social Sciences by Michael Root mainly supports a perfectionist approach to the social sciences. In the sense that he believes that social scientists should try to present a conception of the good that is common among research actors. Feminist approaches to the social sciences are examples of this approach. The book also explains the doctrine of neutrality in various areas of social research, which Root believes is the result of the dominance of a liberal approach, and is then rejected. Emphasis on perfectionism in social research and attention to various areas of social sciences is one of the highlights of the book. Failure to provide an explanation of the meaning of the philosophy of social sciences, disregard for developments in contemporary liberalism, in particular, the development of a perfectionist approach to the theory of liberalism and the emphasis on the appropriateness of the idea of neutrality for the state are among the main shortcomings of the book. The existence of a state with valuable moral neutrality challenges the results of perfectionist social research. The issue of objectivity and relativity also needed to be considered, especially for a book that defends the perfectionist approach to the social sciences.
Philosophy
Hasan Ahmadizade
Abstract
Today many of orientalists think that philosophy in the eastern cultures has authenticity and the eastern concepts in philosophy and humanities are rooted in this culture. This attitude led them to investigate critically the eastern concepts in philosophy. They also tried to compare them to western philosophical ...
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Today many of orientalists think that philosophy in the eastern cultures has authenticity and the eastern concepts in philosophy and humanities are rooted in this culture. This attitude led them to investigate critically the eastern concepts in philosophy. They also tried to compare them to western philosophical concepts. Oliver Leaman is of the most famous western thinkers that has published different books on eastern philosophy, especially Islamic philosophy. In this article, we will try to investigate critically on one of his books titled Key Concepts in Eastern Philosophy. Leaman in this book gathered different concepts in the eastern philosophies like Buddhism, Hinduism, Confucius, and Islamic philosophy, and explains these concepts according to the eastern texts. One of the most important privileges of this book is that Leaman tries to explain eastern philosophical concepts in their cultural context, but he did not explain some key concepts in the eastern philosophies nor did he explain them shortly.
Philosophy
Hossein Hooshangi
Abstract
The book Peripatetic philosophy (1) (from Aristotle to Thomas Aquinas) is an introductory work for undergraduates in philosophy. The prominent merit of this work is taking into consideration of this important philosophical school. The main Advantage of this book is regarding two big philosophical domains: ...
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The book Peripatetic philosophy (1) (from Aristotle to Thomas Aquinas) is an introductory work for undergraduates in philosophy. The prominent merit of this work is taking into consideration of this important philosophical school. The main Advantage of this book is regarding two big philosophical domains: western philosophy and Islamic one. The compiler of the book is seeking to lay down the Peripatetic school historically and substantially (especially in the ontology). In spite of its little content, the book includes all domains of peripatetic philosophy. Therefore, it is now the best one for an introduction to this philosophical school in bachelor degree who study western or Islamic philosophy in universities of our country. In this article, I mention the merits and also point to some deficiencies in it. Problems are classified in four categories: structure, content, edition and reference. Eventually, some mechanisms were proposed for the promotion and perfection of the book to become a better source.
Persian Language and Literature
Alireza Mohammadi Kalesar
Abstract
Methodology of literary research in the subject of citation is in relation to research ethics. In other words, the methodological mistakes can be followed by the moral ones. This paper, in this regard, critics the book Abd–ol-Hoseyn Zarinkoub’s Lectures of Literary Criticism by Ahmad Khatami. ...
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Methodology of literary research in the subject of citation is in relation to research ethics. In other words, the methodological mistakes can be followed by the moral ones. This paper, in this regard, critics the book Abd–ol-Hoseyn Zarinkoub’s Lectures of Literary Criticism by Ahmad Khatami. One of the emphasized points in this article is the ambiguous boundary between the author’s speech and his sources. This ambiguity has various dimensions including equivalence of sources and equivalence of main concepts and terms. In other words, as elimination of the distinction between the author and sources in citations of this book, as if there was no difference between author’s view and sources, and even among sources. The result of this point is the naturalization in the definition of main concepts and terms. In the end, it is argued that the methodological mistake has had obvious moral consequences and faults.
Methodology
Faraz Tahmasbi; Morteza Hadi Jaberi Moghaddam
Abstract
This article is a review of the Routledge Handbook of Planning Research Methods. The review attempts to summarize the content of the book and to show how understanding the methodology affects the work of academics and professionals. Among other methodology books, The Routledge Handbook is a genuine reference ...
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This article is a review of the Routledge Handbook of Planning Research Methods. The review attempts to summarize the content of the book and to show how understanding the methodology affects the work of academics and professionals. Among other methodology books, The Routledge Handbook is a genuine reference and the reasons can be summarized as follows: Unlike other dominant sources, this book has specifically explored the relations in the field of planning and stays within the discipline. It has also attempted to promote methodology from rigid and homogeneous entities to academics to the dynamic practices in the personal, social, and professional lives of researchers. Numerous articles in the book are mostly concerned with the link between theory and practice, and to establish this link they underpin the research production process. In the end, a brief evaluation of the content of the book is made and the necessity of incorporating it into the formal planning pedagogy is stated.
Methodology
Mohmmad Reza Qaemi Nik
Abstract
Methodology of Islamic Humanities from Ahmad Hossein Sharifi who is a faculty member of Imam Khomeini Educational and Research Institute, is the second book in his trilogy on Islamic humanities (Foundation of Islamic humanities and Islamic theorizing in humanities). In this book, in the first three chapters ...
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Methodology of Islamic Humanities from Ahmad Hossein Sharifi who is a faculty member of Imam Khomeini Educational and Research Institute, is the second book in his trilogy on Islamic humanities (Foundation of Islamic humanities and Islamic theorizing in humanities). In this book, in the first three chapters (analysis of concepts and introductory points, counter-method theory, and research questions), he describes the generalities of his view, and in the fourth to fourteenth chapters, seven methods of Islamic humanities, ie definition, description, explanation (and characteristics of explanatory methodology), reasoning (deductive, inductive and allegorical), interpretation (and methodological features of interpretation), prediction and evaluation. In this article, after the introduction and formal critique of the book, first the general critiques and then the critiques regarding the chapters of the book in terms of content are presented. Although in a general evaluation, this book, has not been able to expand and explain the Islamic principles in the methodological details of the Islamic humanities.
Methodology
Shamsalmolok Mostafavi
Abstract
As the founder of phenomenology, Husserl himself did not use phenomenology to analyze art and works of art. Except for a few hints in Encyclopedia Britannica's article, he did not write anything in this area. However, he paved the way for the phenomenology of art and led many post-Husserlian phenomenologists ...
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As the founder of phenomenology, Husserl himself did not use phenomenology to analyze art and works of art. Except for a few hints in Encyclopedia Britannica's article, he did not write anything in this area. However, he paved the way for the phenomenology of art and led many post-Husserlian phenomenologists to look at art from a phenomenological perspective. This article aims to show the application of the phenomenological method in aesthetics and analysis of works of art. To achieve this, we will first refer briefly to the ideas of M.Dufrenne (who is somewhat faithful to Husserl's intellectual tradition) to reveal to him how the phenomenology of aesthetic experience. Then according to Heidegger's views (which are further from Husserl's tradition), we will examine in the phenomenological analysis of art to see how Hermeneutic phenomenology can re-establish the neglected relationship between truth and art.
Art
Alireza Taheri; Batool Maazallahi
Abstract
While the study of Islamic art is not very rich in the study of the human image, Eva Beer’s book "The Human Body in the Islamic Art of the Past Heritage and Post-Islamic Developments" is one of the only books in this field. In this book, the author examines the human image in the art of Arabs, ...
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While the study of Islamic art is not very rich in the study of the human image, Eva Beer’s book "The Human Body in the Islamic Art of the Past Heritage and Post-Islamic Developments" is one of the only books in this field. In this book, the author examines the human image in the art of Arabs, Iranians, Gurkhas, and Ottomans. He has been a lecturer at the Museum of Islamic Art for many years and wrote the book in 2004. Although the author's efforts to collect research data are commendable, there are criticisms of the way research and methodological issues in the book are handled. Deficiencies in book methodology have led to the breakdown of communication between the book and the reader, despite the novelty of the research. The present article attempts to examine and explain the shortcomings of the methodology of the book and provide suggestions for their solution.
Art
Maryam Kahvand
Abstract
With the development of visual communication in the present age, the analysis and reading of visual texts in order to decipher the meanings and express their meanings is of particular importance. Critical discourse analysis, as one of the approaches that considers both the context of the text and the ...
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With the development of visual communication in the present age, the analysis and reading of visual texts in order to decipher the meanings and express their meanings is of particular importance. Critical discourse analysis, as one of the approaches that considers both the context of the text and the social context of the text, has made it possible to study discourses in works of art. The purpose of this paper is to introduce visual discourse or visuality as a way to analyze images, and its theoretical framework is dedicated to reviewing the critical visual methodology, which is an integrated model of Rose and Fairclough methodology. In the process of analysis, the Mellat Bank's advertising campaign has been visually criticized in order to elucidate its visual discourse based on the textual components of the images and the fields of its representation. The structure of technology, the configuration of images, and the social effects of visual components are discussed in the sites of the text, discourse action, and social action. The findings of the research indicate that the discourse function of this campaign is to highlight the value of money as national and cultural capital and to promote empathy and patriotism in the audience, during which the Mellat Bank changes its identity from a financial institution to a cultural institution.
political science
Aliashraf Nazari
Abstract
The manner of reading and interpreting historical texts is one of the central pillars of the methodology and history of thought. The main question in this field is how to study and understand the concepts and meanings of the thinkers in the study of the history of thought? Quentin Skinner is one of the ...
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The manner of reading and interpreting historical texts is one of the central pillars of the methodology and history of thought. The main question in this field is how to study and understand the concepts and meanings of the thinkers in the study of the history of thought? Quentin Skinner is one of the founders of the Cambridge School of History and Political Thought, whose work is of philosophical importance, presenting new and influential ideas. Skinner considers the question of how different and conflicting perspectives are to be adapted, which can be still a central issue in contemporary political thought. He has attempted to use the traditional methods of historical research with an intentional approach, to draw attention to their differences, to reconstitute their beliefs, and to be as aware of the processes of the formation of problems and events as possible, to understand the way things are going. He hopes that by examining and evaluating the history of competing theories, he will be able to play a part in these widespread conflicts, regardless of his historical interest. This article will attempt to introduce and review the first volume of the book Visions of Politics: On Methodology. The importance of the critical reading of this series of articles in this book is that it now reflects his intellectual transformation as classical writings.
Anthropology
Sayyed Hossein Hosseini
Abstract
The present paper introduces and criticizes the book, entitled Philosophical Anthropology, authored by Hans Dierkes. In this book, the author has selected texts containing educational perspectives on the subject matter of the discussion, proposed mainly without any comprehensive analysis and deep systematization. ...
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The present paper introduces and criticizes the book, entitled Philosophical Anthropology, authored by Hans Dierkes. In this book, the author has selected texts containing educational perspectives on the subject matter of the discussion, proposed mainly without any comprehensive analysis and deep systematization. After mentioning four levels of philosophical anthropology proposed by Dierkes and criticizing them, this paper talks about the importance of paying attention to the new approach called “dimensional anthropology”, and in addition to investigating the anthropology classification in the book structure, it has referred to the proposed quadripartite model in the human exposure to self, nature, society, and God. In the following, the similarities and differences between the anthropological perspectives are explained using the analytical-critical method, and it paves the way for their philosophical criticism. Accordingly, the most important finding of this research is that most of the anthropological perspectives have paid attention to one or more than one dimension of human facets and have been magnified, and there are few perspectives in which one can achieve the analysis of the relation and interaction between all human forces, indicating the importance of paying attention to the philosophical and methodological foundations of “dimensional anthropology”. This book is very helpful with regard to opening scientific horizons and posing main anthropological questions, but presenting any definition of the realm and examples of philosophical anthropology depends on the explanation of the “subject” and “method” of such approach, and no clear boundary can be found between the four levels of Philosophical Anthropology proposed by Dierkes without having an accurate perspective on its components.
Anthropology
Parvin Ghasemi
Abstract
The book of Decolonizing Methodologies: Research and Indigenous Peoples was written in anti-colonial texts with orientations toward anthropology, research, and science. From anthropology to science and research was blamed by the writer because of using them by the colonial system. The author claims that ...
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The book of Decolonizing Methodologies: Research and Indigenous Peoples was written in anti-colonial texts with orientations toward anthropology, research, and science. From anthropology to science and research was blamed by the writer because of using them by the colonial system. The author claims that science, research, and anthropology have contributed to colonization. Pieces of evidence of inhumane research by British colonists in New Zealand on the Maori are presented in the book. This book shows that, in the face of numerous struggles that the Maori tribes have made with the colonists, today, the meaning and application of “research” have become different from the past, and they welcomed “research” with open arms. According to the evidence, the main culprit is not “research” but the economic and political ambitions of the colonial countries that overshadow the name of research and anthropology. The Maoris always in particular and the Polynesians generally are introduced and identified from the perspective of foreign anthropologists, But in this book, she is a Maori woman who writes and records and expresses her opinion and analysis of the past and anthropology. In this book, is not to be seen anti-colonialist view of the West or colonialism in the light of their understanding of the Maori. This issue is less addressed in anti-colonial works. Writing about the Maori themselves and their wounds will help to improve the situation, but it does not require us to understand the West and colonize from a careful perspective and pay attention to the subjective layers.
Methodology
Ali Ebrahim Pour
Abstract
“Study of (Social) Currents (Currentology)” has been a new concept in recent decades in the Iranian intellectual, cultural, and political literature. Due to its influential and efficient literature, it has become popular. However, the lack of a scientific and methodological discipline ...
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“Study of (Social) Currents (Currentology)” has been a new concept in recent decades in the Iranian intellectual, cultural, and political literature. Due to its influential and efficient literature, it has become popular. However, the lack of a scientific and methodological discipline has made this literature extremely chaotic, shaky, and turbulent. Therefore, in order to get rid of these misunderstandings, it is necessary to provide a clear theoretical framework for this literature. Currentology seems to have to be studied with a second-rate perspective. Its purpose is to introduce "Studies of Currents" as a science, not a journalistic and rhetorical model. It is a science, the subject of which is "(Social) Currents". This article is written using a descriptive-analytical method and using library resources. Also, this article focuses on the methodological principle of the relation and proportion between 'method' and 'object' (in the theoretical foundations of science in Islamic tradition). By analyzing the components of the "(Social) Current" definition, it derives its methodological implications. Finally, it offers them in 30 titles. These methodological implications underlie the design of a scientific model favorable to “Study of (Social) Currents (Currentology)”.
Methodology
Seyed Mohammad Reza Taghavi
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to criticize the book “Methodology of Religious Studies (New Edition)”, written by Faramarz Gharamlaki in 2013. The book was evaluated from two dimensions of form and content. Formally, the book met most of the requirements and was evaluated favorably. In terms ...
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The purpose of this study was to criticize the book “Methodology of Religious Studies (New Edition)”, written by Faramarz Gharamlaki in 2013. The book was evaluated from two dimensions of form and content. Formally, the book met most of the requirements and was evaluated favorably. In terms of content, the book contains technical points in most of the book’s chapters which can prepare the reader for research, using the current scientific approaches. Indeed, this book is an extension of the methods accepted in current scientific research. Of course, the author has made great efforts to document the methods using religious texts; however, the base of most parts of the book is the same as the common sciences. To explain the hierarchy of religious science, to set up a methodological system appropriate to Islamic worldview, ontology, and epistemology, a serious effort of religious scholars is needed in order to development of the methodology of Islamic humanities.
Methodology
Hamidreza Khademi; Mohammadali Ramezani
Abstract
Many texts have been published, in recent years, about the Islamization of science, and different scholars tried and still trying to demonstrate what Islamic science is and how it can be realized. Abdol Hossein Khosrow Panah is one of the prominent authors of this realm, who tries to reach Islamic science ...
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Many texts have been published, in recent years, about the Islamization of science, and different scholars tried and still trying to demonstrate what Islamic science is and how it can be realized. Abdol Hossein Khosrow Panah is one of the prominent authors of this realm, who tries to reach Islamic science through a special methodology that explained in his last book - Methodology of Social Sciences. In the present paper, we introduce and evaluate the book concerning its form and content. Regarding its form, we have reviewed the editorial and punctuation issues, and in regard to its content, the steps to formulate the special methodology has been depicted and criticized. Finally, we have made some efforts to prepare a broader critique for this book and other authors of this realm from a pragmatic point of view.
Methodology
Mojtaba Shariati
Abstract
The variety of methodological studies in the field of politics, the emergence of post-positivism in the modern age, and the conflicts with positivism make clear the importance of criticizing this work. The importance of evaluating this book is also attributed to the fact that this textbook has been used ...
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The variety of methodological studies in the field of politics, the emergence of post-positivism in the modern age, and the conflicts with positivism make clear the importance of criticizing this work. The importance of evaluating this book is also attributed to the fact that this textbook has been used as a resource for political science students at three academic levels. This article is an attempt to provide a framework for reforming it in the future by reviewing one of the most important educational writings in the field of political science methodology and expressing its strengths and weaknesses. The method of critique of the work is citation-analytical, which has been done in the general framework of work presentation, form criticism, and content criticism. The results indicate that the book in question, although it has strengths in its content, has many drawbacks in form. It is mentioned in the form of articulated tables. Methodological explanations of different theories in different sections, printing, and proper layout are the most important content and form advantages of this work. Lack of sufficient and comprehensive attention to some of the new theories, weaknesses in the critical introduction of existing methodologies, and a multitude of typographical errors are the form and content weaknesses of the book.
Methodology
Seyed Hossein Mirjalili
Abstract
Danny Rodrik’s “Economics Rules” is a book on the methodology of economics that addresses the do’s and don’ts of modeling in economics because, in his view, models make economics a science. Rodrik’s main point in this book is that different social environments require ...
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Danny Rodrik’s “Economics Rules” is a book on the methodology of economics that addresses the do’s and don’ts of modeling in economics because, in his view, models make economics a science. Rodrik’s main point in this book is that different social environments require different models, and economists mistake a model with the model. The method of analysis in this review article is analytical, and the aim is to evaluate the content of the book from the perspective of economic methodology. Some challenging issues in the book include ambiguity and amphibology in the title of the book, model reductionism, diversity of models of economic schools, non-model fields of economics, being scientific by method, ambiguity in the concept of critical assumptions, horizontal or vertical progress of economics in macroeconomics, the problem of economics or economists, and the application of Rodrick’s method in the DSGE model in macroeconomics.
Methodology
Mohammad Nejadiran; Rozhan Hesam Ghazi
Abstract
The dominance of positivism over the philosophy of science in the first years of the twentieth century, due to its wave of criticism by some philosophers of science in the second half of this century, was in crisis and collapse. The views of scientific philosophers such as Popper, Cohen, and Lakatos ...
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The dominance of positivism over the philosophy of science in the first years of the twentieth century, due to its wave of criticism by some philosophers of science in the second half of this century, was in crisis and collapse. The views of scientific philosophers such as Popper, Cohen, and Lakatos provided the basis for the emergence of more radical critiques of the classical stream of the philosophy of science. In the same vein, Feyerabend tried to replace the previous approaches with a kind of methodological anarchism in his book, Against Method: The Anarchist Theory of Knowledge. According to her, there is no reasonable way to obtain and reject theories. In this book, she shows that trying to find rules for the logical reconstruction of the process of advancing science and proving and refuting theories is futile. In this research, while reviewing the mentioned book, an attempt has been made to evaluate some of the main views of the author in terms of form and content. The purpose of this work is to show the validity of the author’s radical claims in the philosophy of science and to assess its strengths and weaknesses. The method used in the critique of this descriptive-analytical work shows that Firand’s views, while in the field of philosophy of science as a new critical approach to the importance and privileged position, have unresolved conflicts to which they write. It has been overlooked, and it seems that those who follow his views in the philosophy of science should make more theoretical efforts to solve it.
Foreign Languages
María de las Nieves Ibáñez Ibáñez
Abstract
In this article the suitability, from a methodological point of view and due to its significant success, of using the book “How to comment a literary text”, by Fernando Lázaro Carreter and Evaristo Correa Calderón, as a basic manual for the acquisition of literary skills in ...
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In this article the suitability, from a methodological point of view and due to its significant success, of using the book “How to comment a literary text”, by Fernando Lázaro Carreter and Evaristo Correa Calderón, as a basic manual for the acquisition of literary skills in different subjects, such as “Analysis and comment on literary texts”, “Examples of prose and poetry” and “Spanish literature I, II and III”, will be addressed. This book is being taught at Iranian universities in the Spanish language degree studies. Moreover,taking into account the major significance it has acquired, due to its methodological excellence, it has been used in the secondary and university education, both in Spain, Hispanic America and in other countries of the world where the Spanish language is taught as a second language, to the point that it is systematically included as one of the fundamental bibliographical references in the literature studies of diverse eras, authors and specific literary movements and, undoubtedly, in analyzing and commenting literary texts.
political science
Nowruz Hashemzehi
Abstract
The present paper analyzes and criticizes the collection of articles on the “Approaches and Methodologies in the Social Sciences: A pluralist Perspective” edited by Donatella Dellaporta and Michael Keating and translated by Mohammad Jafar Javidi and Majid Farham. The author’s ...
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The present paper analyzes and criticizes the collection of articles on the “Approaches and Methodologies in the Social Sciences: A pluralist Perspective” edited by Donatella Dellaporta and Michael Keating and translated by Mohammad Jafar Javidi and Majid Farham. The author’s goal of writing this collection of articles is to facilitate interaction and communication between researchers and overcome existing stereotypes by recognizing the plurality of current approaches in the field of social sciences, and the purpose of this article is to facilitate the achievement of the same goals. There are 15 articles in the critique resulting from the teaching experience of a group of researchers at the European university institutes. These articles provide more familiarity to the audience than the theoretical conceptual and applied qualitative and compilation research. The authors of the hundreds of old and new sources have described documented and updated a number of ways. The topic of this paper can be used by professors and students in social sciences politics, international relations, and regional studies in methodological courses and research methods. These articles identify common points and complement the approaches discussed and combined them together. Assisting aristocrats on ontology and various methodologies, and conducting research projects are some of the outcomes of this critique.
