Research
Philosophy
Mohammad Reza Ahmadi Tabatabai
Abstract
Addressing the issue of the philosophy of war difficult. In other words, the relationship between Philosophy and war seems to be a difficult one. Alexander Moseley is a Political Philosophy Editor for the IEP (Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy and he has lectured on the Philosophy and morality of war ...
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Addressing the issue of the philosophy of war difficult. In other words, the relationship between Philosophy and war seems to be a difficult one. Alexander Moseley is a Political Philosophy Editor for the IEP (Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy and he has lectured on the Philosophy and morality of war at several British universities. In his book called The Philosophy of War, he explained why humans fight against each other? He said, what I hope to establish in this work is that the Principles of war’s origins involve all aspects of our nature, culture, and thinking. We fight because we believe in fighting, and our beliefs have to change if we wish to abandon war. The research method in this book and this article is analytical and philosophical. The main question in “The Philosophy of War” is why humans fight and how through changing their beliefs and attitudes toward this devastating and ominous event, they can stand against humans and governments.
Research
Philosophy
Mohammad Mehdi Ardebili
Abstract
The concept of the subject, along with concepts such as object, God, and substance, is one of the most important concepts in the history of philosophy. Each of these concepts can be used to narrate a history of philosophy. This is precisely the mission of Robert C. Salman that he sets out for himself ...
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The concept of the subject, along with concepts such as object, God, and substance, is one of the most important concepts in the history of philosophy. Each of these concepts can be used to narrate a history of philosophy. This is precisely the mission of Robert C. Salman that he sets out for himself in his book The Rise and Fall of the Self (A History of Western Philosophy, Vol. 7). He began the history of the subject, or, in his own terms, 'History of the Self' from the beginning of German idealism in the second half of the eighteenth century, with Kant (together with prominent idealists such as Fichte, Schelling, and Hegel), to the first glimpses of the collapse of modern subjectivity and proliferation of critical approaches, such as Nietzsche, Kierkegaard, and Heidegger. In the end, he ends his discussion with the most prominent postmodern figures, such as Foucault and Derrida. The present article focuses on the first Persian translation of this book, rather than the formal and content review of this work. As a result, the present article is more than a mere critique of the book’s content itself, a critique of translation that, although it criticizes a particular translation, hopes that this critique will provide a critical analysis about the translation of philosophical works in general.
Research
Philosophy
FathAli Akbari; Malakeh Pandjoo
Abstract
Danishnama-yi ‘Ala’i (The Book of Knowledge for ‘Ala’ al-Dawla) in Persian, Mola publication in 1394, consists of a preface written by Manouchehr Sadoughi Saha, besides four parts; logic, Elme Zirin (Tabiiyyat), Music, and Elme Barin (Theology). This publication does ...
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Danishnama-yi ‘Ala’i (The Book of Knowledge for ‘Ala’ al-Dawla) in Persian, Mola publication in 1394, consists of a preface written by Manouchehr Sadoughi Saha, besides four parts; logic, Elme Zirin (Tabiiyyat), Music, and Elme Barin (Theology). This publication does not include any sections of geometry, charts, and arithmetic. The arrangement of the sections of this work (Mola publication) is in contrast to the intended order of Ibn Sina. Because the special taste of Ibn Sina in the Alaii encyclopedia is that Elme Zirin is to be placed before the Elme Barin and mathematical sections; while, in this work (Mola publication) this feature is taken from the encyclopedia and the Elme Barin follows logic and is posed before music and Elme Zirin. Footnotes of Mohammad Moein in the science section of the book_retrieved from the book published by Anjoman Asar-e Meli, Tehran, 1331_contain references that unfortunately in Mola publication are cited falsely and incorrectly, in contrast to the publication of Anjoman Asar-e Meli. The present study seeks to analyze and criticize the weaknesses and strengths of this manuscript.
Research
Philosophy
S.M. Reza Amiri Tehranizadeh
Abstract
Philosophy of Money is the most important work of Georg Simmel that is reconsidered nowadays in academies after that was neglected during the last century. In contrast to its title, this book is not about economics. It is a book on the multidisciplinary subject in the fields of philosophy, ...
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Philosophy of Money is the most important work of Georg Simmel that is reconsidered nowadays in academies after that was neglected during the last century. In contrast to its title, this book is not about economics. It is a book on the multidisciplinary subject in the fields of philosophy, culture, psychology, social sciences, and economics. This article has two goals; first, to introduce the content of this work briefly and second, to analyze the relation of this book to academic specialization in scientific disciplines. For the first purpose, the most important concepts of the Philosophy of Money are reviewed briefly. The second purpose is considered from two aspects; first, what are the reasons for reconsidering this work in academies nowadays, after a century of neglect? And second, what relevance can this work hold to the humanities and social sciences’ situation in Iran? Therefore, in the first place, the Simmel’s theory of social forms is reviewed, and then upon it, concepts such as objectification, ramification, subject-object, modernity, aesthetics, end-mean, and the form of religion are discussed. In appraising the relevance of Philosophy of Money to academic specialization in the contemporary world and especially to the academic atmosphere in Iran, nowadays phenomena of the booming of interdisciplinary research in humanities and social sciences and the relation of religion to these sciences are considered.
Research
Philosophy
Houriye Bakouei Ketrimi; Hassan Fathi
Abstract
This article reviews and criticizes Aristotle’s Eudemian Ethics based on Anthony Kenny’s translation. We have tried to show that morality in Aristotle means living good, and his purpose in writing this work is to find an answer to the question “ what is good life and how can we achieve ...
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This article reviews and criticizes Aristotle’s Eudemian Ethics based on Anthony Kenny’s translation. We have tried to show that morality in Aristotle means living good, and his purpose in writing this work is to find an answer to the question “ what is good life and how can we achieve it?”; an answer in the virtuous tradition of the philosophical environment about which he is thinking. Hence, the understanding of the nature of what happiness is based on the understanding of the nature of virtue is significant. After examining all the various virtues, he ultimately defines happiness as “full life activity according to complete virtues” (1219 a, 39), and this main virtue includes all other virtues, namely moral virtue and intellectual virtue. Studying and acquainting with such a book for those interested in ethical studies have this advantage that they can examine some of the ethical issues in society from the scope of virtuosity.
Research
Philosophy
Abdurrazzaq Hesamifar
Abstract
A History of Philosophy: From Bolzano to Wittgenstein includes an analytic debate on the most important elements of the ideas of analytic philosophers of the first half of 20th century. The book tries to evaluate and analyze the ideas of analytic philosophers as a philosophical school in philosophy in ...
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A History of Philosophy: From Bolzano to Wittgenstein includes an analytic debate on the most important elements of the ideas of analytic philosophers of the first half of 20th century. The book tries to evaluate and analyze the ideas of analytic philosophers as a philosophical school in philosophy in a way that their ideas can be reduced to each other. After debating on the backgrounds of analytic philosophy, it refers to the ideas of Bolzano, Frege, Russell, early Wittgenstein, Carnap and the movement of formalization and at the end, it shows the ideas of Moore and later Wittgenstein who pursued another way in analytic philosophy which was later known as linguistic philosophy. So, the structure of debate in the book has been directed in two parallel movements, that is, logical analysis and linguistic analysis, though more attention is directed to the first movement. This article goes to assess and criticize the form and the content of the Persian translation of the book.
Research
Philosophy
Mazdak Rajabi
Abstract
“Asia Versus the West” is still one of the most important books concerning the historical understanding of the East as a basic source of human civilization in comparison with the West. The book commences from the point which has not hitherto been considered, except for Ahmad Fardid, who has ...
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“Asia Versus the West” is still one of the most important books concerning the historical understanding of the East as a basic source of human civilization in comparison with the West. The book commences from the point which has not hitherto been considered, except for Ahmad Fardid, who has invented the term “Westernized” by which he explains the relation of “us” and the West, but his lectures had not been published before Shayegan wrote his book. Shayegan states the westernized situation as “double nihilism” to which we should pay attention in order to think of the West as our fundamental problem. I review the book in addition to its most important theme, which is nihilism.
Research
Philosophy
Saeed Rahimian
Abstract
The present paper includes the introduction and critique of the book: An Approach to Philosophy of Al-Farabi as a Detachment of Greek Philosophy Tradition. The author of the book intends to highlight the fundamental and axial innovations of al-Farabi in the revival of philosophy at his time to explain ...
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The present paper includes the introduction and critique of the book: An Approach to Philosophy of Al-Farabi as a Detachment of Greek Philosophy Tradition. The author of the book intends to highlight the fundamental and axial innovations of al-Farabi in the revival of philosophy at his time to explain how to distinguish the system of Islamic philosophy from the Greek tradition. The most important claim of the author is to explain the philosophy of Islam based on three principles: a..Determining its subject as “existence”, not “existent” b. Understanding the existence of the knowledge bin the scenes of presence c. The distinction between essence and existence. Thus, he believes that Farabi, through his existential view, was able to restore the essential role of existence versus the essence and quiddity. The book also addresses the linguistic and epistemological approach of Farabi’ as well as the introduction of al-Huruf book in the same direction, as well as his invention in transferring nine pares logic into two parts logic. From the perspective of the author of this paper, despite the importance of the aforementioned claim i.e., the establishment of a philosophy of Islam centered on the existence by al-Farabi, the reasons and pieces of evidence which are used in the book in order to prove that claim is necessary but not sufficient. Approximately 10 critical reviews have been done in the article on the contents and claims of the book.
Research
Philosophy
Somayyeh Rafigi; Muhammad Asghari
Abstract
In the late years of his life, Kant added the question "What is Human Being?" to his basic philosophical questions and regarded its answer the answers other questions. But what is Kant’s answer to this question? In book entitled, Kant’s Pragmatic Anthropology, Wilson attempts to explore in ...
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In the late years of his life, Kant added the question "What is Human Being?" to his basic philosophical questions and regarded its answer the answers other questions. But what is Kant’s answer to this question? In book entitled, Kant’s Pragmatic Anthropology, Wilson attempts to explore in his uncritical works such as anthropology, religion in the bounds of only reason and education, which calls them Kant’s “philosophy of experience”, finds his answer to this question. In this work, she claims that Kant’s pragmatic anthropology is not empirical psychology, in addition to exploring in the origin and meaning of pragmatic humanism, introducing man from the perspective of this philosopher as being possess the four predisposition animal, technical, pragmatic and ethical that should try with use of his talent to attain the ultimate destiny of humanity, which is ethics and freedom. Moreover, from the point of view of this writer, reflective theological judgment is thebridge between Kant’s anthropology and his critical works that, through using them, he tried to teach his students practical knowledge in order to be able them to find their position in the social, political, and cultural world.
Research
Philosophy
Zohreh Saeidi
Abstract
In Schopenhauer’s Philosophy, in addition to expressing Schopenhauer’s views and ideas, Magee devotes a chapter to addressing the misunderstanding of the concept of “will” and “noumenon” in Schopenhauer’s philosophy. In this article, we decided to review and ...
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In Schopenhauer’s Philosophy, in addition to expressing Schopenhauer’s views and ideas, Magee devotes a chapter to addressing the misunderstanding of the concept of “will” and “noumenon” in Schopenhauer’s philosophy. In this article, we decided to review and criticize this book written by Bryan Magee and translated by Reza Vali Yari. So, first, we briefly introduce the book. After a critical review of the book, we came to the conclusion that the English philosopher Bryan Magee, an expert and exponent of Schopenhauer’s work, was able to present a book that was easy to understand, fluent, complete, and yet expert on Schopenhauer’s ideas and theories. In addition, he has shown the influence that Schopenhauer has had on philosophers, thinkers, and artists. The translator, who is an expert in translating Schopenhauer’s work, has been able to provide a plausible, fluent, and acceptable translation of this book; of course, there is little criticism of the author in terms of content and the quality of translation that we have mentioned and can be considered in the next edition of the book. There are also many editing problems in the translation of this book that have made editing necessary in subsequent editions.
Research
Philosophy
Maryam Soltani Kouhestani
Abstract
This paper reviews the Persian translation of Heidegger and Christianity, by John Macquarrie’s Lectures from 1993-1994 at the University of Oxford, published in 1994 by the Continuum Publishing Company, New York and in Iran in 1397, with the Persian translation of Shahabeddin Abbasi by the Parseh ...
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This paper reviews the Persian translation of Heidegger and Christianity, by John Macquarrie’s Lectures from 1993-1994 at the University of Oxford, published in 1994 by the Continuum Publishing Company, New York and in Iran in 1397, with the Persian translation of Shahabeddin Abbasi by the Parseh book Publishing Company. In this review, after introducing the book and introducing the formal and content of the work, the critique of three of the world’s leading scholars on Heidegger and Christianity has been examined, and then the points and defects of the work have been examined formally and content. The concluding summary of the present article suggests that the Persian translation, regardless of the instances where the need to be reviewed, due to clear translation, understandable, observance of scholarly trust, text abstraction from print mistakes and the maximum accuracy in choosing Persian equivalents for Heidegger’s terms, it is useful for Iranian readers to become acquainted with Macquarrie’s understanding of Heidegger’s relationship with Christianity. But, as some critics of Heidegger and Christianity have pointed out, in spite of Macquarrie’s attempt to explain Heidegger’s relationship with Christianity, this book does not provide a clear view of the relationship Heidegger with Christianity to the reader.
Research
Theology and religions
Zeynab Shariatnia; Hadi Vakili
Abstract
This article seeks to critique and review the book “The Essence of Mystical Knowledge” by Massoud Ismaili. In this book, the writer has tried to examine the nature of mystical knowledge in two Islamic and western spaces taking a look at the comparative approach in a comprehensive system. ...
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This article seeks to critique and review the book “The Essence of Mystical Knowledge” by Massoud Ismaili. In this book, the writer has tried to examine the nature of mystical knowledge in two Islamic and western spaces taking a look at the comparative approach in a comprehensive system. If the criterion for our assessment is the degree to which the outer succeeds and does not succeed in expressing the issue, we can say that this book has worked well in the field of the philosophy of mysticism, and despite some of the formal and material shortcomings in it, the book seems to be acceptable.
Research
Philosophy
Seyyed Mustafa Shahraeeni; Mohammad Sina Mirzaei
Abstract
The book of Philosophy, Theology, and Politics: A Reading of Benedict Spinoza’s Tractatus Theologico-Politicus is intended to describe, analyze, and criticize the most important concepts contained in the Spinoza’s book by utilizing its precious resources and with an etymological look. The ...
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The book of Philosophy, Theology, and Politics: A Reading of Benedict Spinoza’s Tractatus Theologico-Politicus is intended to describe, analyze, and criticize the most important concepts contained in the Spinoza’s book by utilizing its precious resources and with an etymological look. The inner critique in this book outweighs the outer critique. Besides, many references and explanations about Spinoza’s philosophy, Bagley’s work has also become an admirable book among the commentaries or readings of the English-speaking world. Spinoza’s treatise is a book about theology and politics. However, Bagley holds that it is a book about theology and politics that is written by a philosopher. More precisely, it is a treatise written by someone whose allegiance is to philosophy rather than either to theology or to politics. This paper makes an effort to introduce, with a descriptive-analytical look, the formal and content structure of the Bagley’s book, and then to discuss its strengths and weaknesses.
Research
Philosophy
Mohammad Javad Safian
Abstract
This essay will critically examine a translation of Martin Heidegger’s “Introduction to Metaphysics”, in the hope of enriching the art of translation in the field of western philosophy. The method, or in better words, the approach to the essay, is concerned with the prevailing spirit ...
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This essay will critically examine a translation of Martin Heidegger’s “Introduction to Metaphysics”, in the hope of enriching the art of translation in the field of western philosophy. The method, or in better words, the approach to the essay, is concerned with the prevailing spirit of metaphysics in translation and through an in-depth comparative lens. The translation of “Introduction to Metaphysics” has successfully walked through the reader to the World of the text; nevertheless, the translation of a couple of terms and equivalents have fallen flat. This essay presents a summary of the book, followed by a study of the mentioned terms and equivalents, typos, and grammatical errors. The translation is all in all comprehensible, eloquent and coherent, suggesting the knowledge and efforts he has put into his translating.
Research
Philosophy
Maryam Arab
Abstract
Nietzsche, as one of the most popular philosophers and elite thinkers that formed modern thought, has been studied from many dimensions. There are many books about him, and many scholars are still doing research on his life, works, and thoughts. The plurality of the works and the differences in the representation ...
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Nietzsche, as one of the most popular philosophers and elite thinkers that formed modern thought, has been studied from many dimensions. There are many books about him, and many scholars are still doing research on his life, works, and thoughts. The plurality of the works and the differences in the representation of Nietzsche’s image has led to doubt and confusion in the determination of Nietzsche’s position and understanding of his thought. The present study aims at introducing and evaluating a major, recent, and important work in Nietzsche field, called “The Oxford Handbook of Nietzsche”. This scientific and standard work has thirty-two essays from world-renowned scholars. Essays have been organized in six discrete sections such as biography, historical relations, principal works and fundamental issues such as values, epistemology and metaphysics, and developments of will to power. These essays contain striking and precise points that can influence our understanding of Nietzsche’s philosophy and provide us with a broad knowledge of the main elements of his philosophy, such as superman, will to power, and eternal recurrence. Therefore this paper, after an overview of the book and description of its general features, summarizes the content of each essay to arouse the audience’s interest in pursuing a thorough study.
Research
Philosophy
BakhshAli Ghanbari
Abstract
Philosophy of mysticism is a branch of philosophy and one of the topics of interest to studies of mysticism. In this field are proposed three theories of constructivism, philosophia perennis, and non-intentionality. People are counted like Stacey, James from the first theory processors, and Katz is one ...
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Philosophy of mysticism is a branch of philosophy and one of the topics of interest to studies of mysticism. In this field are proposed three theories of constructivism, philosophia perennis, and non-intentionality. People are counted like Stacey, James from the first theory processors, and Katz is one of the proposers of the second theory and Foreman of third theory designers. In reviewing the book of The Single Experience, one of the new works on the philosophy of mysticism, we concluded that the author, despite many efforts, did not mention the theoretical foundations of wisdom, while at the same time explaining the views of religions on the subject and sometimes making incorrect claims about them. For example, somewhere in the book is denying the existence, the unity of existence in the Jewish religion that is wrong. The book’s lack of careful attention to theories of constructivism and philosophia perennis that are directly related to this subject has diminished the validity of the book. Of course, addressing a single experience can also help to extend this topic and preparation of convergence between religions and their followers and be a step towards deepening religious beliefs.
Research
Philosophy
Hamidreza Mahboobi Arani,
Abstract
Weltschmerz’ Pessimism in German Philosophy by Ferdrick C. Beiser, is a study of the pessimism that dominated German philosophy in the second half of the nineteenth century. According to the author, Pessimism, broadly defined, is the doctrine that life is not worth living. This view was introduced ...
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Weltschmerz’ Pessimism in German Philosophy by Ferdrick C. Beiser, is a study of the pessimism that dominated German philosophy in the second half of the nineteenth century. According to the author, Pessimism, broadly defined, is the doctrine that life is not worth living. This view was introduced into German philosophy by Schopenhauer, whose philosophy became very fashionable in the 1860s. Beiser examines the intense and long controversy that arose from Schopenhauer’s pessimism, which changed the agenda of philosophy in Germany away from the logic of the sciences and toward an examination of the value of life. He examines the major defenders of pessimism (Philipp Mainländer, Eduard von Hartmann, and Julius Bahnsen) and its chief critic, especially Eugen Dühring. In this paper, I introduce the book’s general approach, aim, and contents, mentioning its privileges as a history of philosophy of an almost forgotten controversy and some wishes about its shortcomings.
Research
Philosophy
Mohammad Meshkat
Abstract
After a brief look at Stern’s book, it criticizes the content of this book, especially three important parts of it, which are the most difficult and at the same time the most important parts, compared with Hegel’s phenomenology, but all his system. These are the preface, introduction, ...
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After a brief look at Stern’s book, it criticizes the content of this book, especially three important parts of it, which are the most difficult and at the same time the most important parts, compared with Hegel’s phenomenology, but all his system. These are the preface, introduction, and the final chapter. We aim to know how much Stern has been successful in consideration of the content of these three sections. Moreover, we aim to find out whether the seventh chapter of his book has internal coordination with the content of them.
Research
Philosophy
Mokhtar Nouri
Abstract
The role and position of religion in human political and social life is an issue that must be analyzed for its importance. To address this issue, the present paper looks at one of the most important works in this field, the book The Christianity and Democracy by Jacques Maritain of the French neotomist ...
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The role and position of religion in human political and social life is an issue that must be analyzed for its importance. To address this issue, the present paper looks at one of the most important works in this field, the book The Christianity and Democracy by Jacques Maritain of the French neotomist philosopher. In this work, Maritain has defended democracy by referring to Christianity. Of course, this type of defense is not free of criticism, and Maritain’s work also tragically looks at contemporary democracies. It is clear that the relationship between “religion and democracy” is not limited to Jacques Maritan’s thought, and many thinkers in various intellectual paradigms have addressed this issue. It is also not just about Christianity, and it is one of the most significant topics in the Muslim world. The author has attempted to discuss Jacques Maritain’s theoretical model of the relationship of Christianity and democracy from a political, philosophical, and theological perspective.
Research
Philosophy
Yassaman Hoshyar
Abstract
Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals is one of the most influential ethical books and, at the same time, it is one of the most difficult ones, and every commentary on Kant’s ethical theory, at the first step, concentrates on this book. Kant’s Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals: A ...
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Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals is one of the most influential ethical books and, at the same time, it is one of the most difficult ones, and every commentary on Kant’s ethical theory, at the first step, concentrates on this book. Kant’s Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals: A Reader Guide which has been written by Professor Paul Guyer is an authentic commentary and is recently translated into Persian. With respect to the role of Guyer in recent Kant’s studies as a leading scholar, this book has a high position. In this article, besides a general review of these two books in terms of their importance in Persian and English literature and editorial features and translation of Guide, Guyer’s expression of Kant’s arguments, and significant and influential points of Guide are reviewed. These points give readers a good insight into understanding Kant’s moral theory and avoiding ambiguities and objections. In addition, in some points, the Guide is compared with other commentaries on Groundwork, especially with Timmermann’s and evaluated.
