نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار گروه حقوق، دانشگاه کردستان

چکیده

دولت آمریکا در سالهای اخیر سیاست قتل هدفمند مظنونان به ارتکاب اعمال تروریستی را در پیش گرفته است. از این سیاست اغلب بهمنزلة پاسخی مشروع و ضروری به تروریسم و جنگ‌های نامتقارن یاد می‌شود. در این نوشتار، برآن‌ایم تا با بررسی این عملکرد درپرتوِ موازین حقوق بین‌الملل و بهطور خاص حقوق بین‌الملل بشردوستانه انطباق قتل‌های هدفمند را با یافتههای حقوق بینالملل از نظر بگذرانیم. محل اعمال این سیاست هم در مخاصمات مسلحانه و هم درحال صلح است. به همین جهت، در نقد و تحلیل حقوقی قتل‌های هدفمند، الزامات حقوق بین‌الملل بشردوستانه و نیز یافتههای حقوق بشر موردتأکید قرار گرفتهاند و توسل به چنین عملکردی در چهارچوب این اصول بررسی و تحلیل می‌شوند. نگارنده پس از تحلیل و تدقیق در این مورد به این نتیجه می‌رسد که قتل‌های هدفمند منطبق با موازین حقوق بشردوستانه نیست و بهمنظور جلوگیری از استقرار و تثبیت این پدیده و مشروعیتیافتن آن در چهارچوب حقوق بینالمللْ اعتراض و محکومیت جامعة بین‌المللی ضروری است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Critique to the Theory of "US Government Targeted Killings" in the Light of the Fundamental Principles and Procedures of International Humanitarian Law

نویسنده [English]

  • Mahdi Hatami

Assistant Professor of Department of Law, Kurdistan University

چکیده [English]

In recent years, the US government has pursued a policy of targeted killings of those suspected of committing terrorist acts. This policy is often referred to as a legitimate and necessary response to terrorism and asymmetric wars. In this article, we seek to examine the conformity of targeted killings with the findings of international law by examining this practice in the light of international law standards and, in particular, international humanitarian law. This policy is applied both to armed conflict and to peace. Therefore, in criticism and legal analysis of targeted killings, the requirements of international humanitarian law as well as the findings of human rights are emphasized and the application of such a function is examined and analyzed within the framework of these principles. After analyzing and elaborating on this case, the author concludes that targeted killings do not comply with humanitarian rights standards and it is necessary to prevent the establishment and legitimization of this phenomenon and to legitimize it within the framework of international law of international protest and condemnation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Armed Conflict
  • Indirect Participation
  • Direct Participation
  • Proportionality Principle
  • Principle of Separation
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