نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار گروه زبان و ادبیات انگلیسی، دانشگاه گلستان

چکیده

باوجود اهمیت تلفیق زبان و فرهنگ، تلاش‌‌های کمی به‌‌منظور بررسی و تحلیل ارزشهای فرهنگی در کتاب‌‌های درسی آموزش زبان انگلیسی، براساس چهارچوبی مدون انجام گرفته است؛ بنابراین، مقالة حاضر با استفاده از روش تحلیل اکتشافی محتوای کیفی به بررسی کتاب‌‌های American English File (Latham-Koenig et al., 2013) پرداخته است که در آموزشگاه‌‌های زبانانگلیسی در ایران تدریس می‌شود. بدین منظور، مدل الگو‌‌های فرهنگی زارعی و خالصی (2011) برای تحلیل محتوای کیفی این مجموعه مورداستفاده قرار گرفت که شامل چهار مؤلفة ارزش، هنجار، سازمان، و محصول است. درمجموع، نتایج نشان داد که کتاب‌های درسی محصولاتی هستند که تحتتأثیر پیش‌فرض‌ها و تعصبات فرهنگی قرار دارند. یافته‌‌ها حاکی از آن است که مطالب این کتب مملو از ارزش‌‌های فرهنگی منحصربهفرد جهان غرب هستند که از عمدهترینشان می‌‌توان به روابط دختر و پسر، مصرف‌‌گرایی، درس‌‌گریزی، ترویج موسیقی غرب، محصولات غربی، عدم اعتماد زوجین به یکدیگر، ازهمگسیختگی بنیان خانواده، و القای ارزش‌‌های گوناگون غربی اشاره کرد. یافته‌‌ها مؤید این است که کتاب‌‌های درسی حاملان ارزش‌‌ها هستند که نهتنها دانش زبانی، بلکه فرهنگ خاص گویشوران آن زبان را نیز به زبانآموزان القا می‌‌کنند. بنابراین، با استناد به نتایج، نقش معلمان زبان در آگاهی، صیانت از هویت فرهنگی و ملی، و ایجاد تعادل برای تلفیق زبان و فرهنگ بسیار حائز اهمیت است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Critical Analysis of Cultural Values in American English File Textbook Series

نویسنده [English]

  • Ali Derakhshan

Assistant Professor, Department of English Language and Literature, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran

چکیده [English]

In spite of the quintessential significance to integrate language and culture, there have been few attempts to investigate the cultural elements of English teaching textbooks based on a valid framework. Consequently, the purpose of this exploratory study was to describe how culture has been addressed in the second edition of six textbooks of American English File Series (Latham-Koenig, Oxenden, & Boyle, 2013), taught in the private institutes in Iran. To this end, a model of cultural patterns, developed by Zarei and Khalessi (2011), was utilized to analyze the content of the series. The model has four constituents of value, norm, institution, and artifact. Overall, the results indicated that textbooks are artifacts which are strongly grounded in cultural assumptions and biases. Moreover, results revealed that these instructional materials are filled with cultural values unique to the Western world, the most prevalent of which include girlfriend-boyfriend relationship, consumerism, lack of studying, Western music, artifacts, lack of trust between the couples, rate of divorce and break-up, and inculcation of Western culture. It is concluded that textbooks are carriers of cultural values that not only transfer knowledge but also inculcate the cultural values of the native speakers of that language. Therefore, the role of the English teachers in prompting intercultural competence is to preserve the Iranian cultural heritage and values and make a balance between the integration of culture and language.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cultural Values
  • Inculcation of Cultural Values
  • Intercultural Competence
  • Teaching English
  • Textbook Evaluation
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