نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مدیریت، دانشکده علوم اداری و اقتصادی، دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد، ایران،

2 دانشیار گروه مدیریت دانشکده علوم اداری و اقتصادی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، ایران

چکیده

در عصری که رقابت بین کسب و کارها جهت دستیابی به اهداف بسیار تنگاتنگ‏تر و ایجاد یک ارتباط دوسویه با مشتریان بسیار دشوارتر است، درک جایگاه روابط عمومی در سازمان‏ها تاثیر قابل ملاحظه‏ای بر نرخ موفقیت و شکست آنان دارد. تاریخ روابط عمومی، یک ذخیره بزرگ از مدل‏ها و روش‏ها است که تلاش می‏کند تا کسب و کارها را در جهت تحقق این موضوع یاری برساند. در خط مقدم این حوزه، ادوارد برنیز قرار دارد که اغلب از او به عنوان پدر علم روابط عمومی یاد می‏شود. رویکردهای او در دهه 1920 نه تنها نحوه تعامل شرکت‏ها با مخاطبان خود را تغییر داد، بلکه هنجارهای اجتماعی را نیز دستخوش تغییر کرد. این مقاله به بررسی و ارزیابی نظریه «مهندسی رضایت» برنیز می‏پردازد و تلاش می‏کند تا با کمک روش نقد تلفیقی شامل نقدهای محتوایی، روش‏شناسانه و تاریخی به درک بهتر این نظریه کمک کند. نتایج نشان می‏دهد نیاز مبرم شرکت‏ها به فروش محصولات تولیدی انبوه‏شان پس از جنگ جهانی اول، برنیز را وادار کرد تا به سراغ روش‏های نوین در حوزه اقناع مخاطبان برود. او با استفاده از اصول روان‏شناسی توانست رویکردی نوین در تبلیغات و روابط عمومی ایجاد کند؛ هر چند برخی روش‏های او را فریبنده می‏دانند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Purchase Without Need: Analysis and Criticism of Edward Bernays' Engineering of Consent Theory

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahdi Talebi 1
  • Yaghoob Maharati 2

1 Management department, Faculty of Economic and Administrative Science, Ferdowsi University of Mahshhad, Iran

2 Associate professor, Management department, Faculty of Administrative and Economic Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

چکیده [English]

In an era where competition between businesses to achieve much narrower goals and establishing a two-way relationship with customers is much more difficult, understanding the position of public relations in organizations has a significant impact on their success and failure rates. The history of public relations is a vast repository of models and methods that attempt to help businesses achieve this. At the forefront of this field is Edward Bernays, who is often referred to as the father of public relations. His approaches in the 1920s not only changed the way companies interacted with their audiences, but also changed social norms. This article examines and evaluates Bernays's "Engineering of Consent" theory and tries to contribute to a better understanding of this theory with the help of integrated critique method including content, methodological and historical critiques. The results show that the urgent need of companies to sell their mass-produced products after the First World War forced Bernays to go for new methods in the field of audience persuasion. Using the principles of psychology, he was able to create a new approach in advertising and public relations; Although some find his methods deceptive.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Engineering of Consent
  • Edward Bernays
  • Integrative Criticism
  • Propaganda
  • Public Opinion Management
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