Research
Arabic Language and Literature
Hosein Abavisani
Abstract
Today, comparative literature has a special place in various literary disciplines and has played an indelible role in expressing relationships, acting and reacting between them. In addition, by showing the strengths and weaknesses of each, the richness of the literature of nations has also been brought. ...
Read More
Today, comparative literature has a special place in various literary disciplines and has played an indelible role in expressing relationships, acting and reacting between them. In addition, by showing the strengths and weaknesses of each, the richness of the literature of nations has also been brought. The book "Al-adab-Almoqaran Fi-Alderasat Almoqaranat Altatbiqiaat", by Dawood Salum, is a writing paper in the field of comparative literature that attempts to present a brief description of the theories and schools of comparative literature, which is a fairly significant volume of Arabic and non-Arabic cultural and literary works. It also shows the impact of comparative literature so as to reveal the backgrounds, attributes, and effects of each type of comparative literature. The present paper aims to introduce this work, present its weaknesses and strengths through a descriptive-analytic way. The results show that the book, while partially successful in achieving some of its goals, faces shortcomings and challenges.
Research
Arabic Language and Literature
fatemeh akhbarizadeh
Abstract
Contemporary compositions as history of literature and biography books are very important in introducing literary figures and their literary styles and can be considered as reference books for researchers. Therefore, their contents should be readily compiled by the necessary structural and contextual ...
Read More
Contemporary compositions as history of literature and biography books are very important in introducing literary figures and their literary styles and can be considered as reference books for researchers. Therefore, their contents should be readily compiled by the necessary structural and contextual components. This article, by reviewing these components in one of the works of Al-Ashmawi, a leading Egyptian professor in the field of literary critique, intends to carefully consider the form and content of the book a'a'lam ala'db ala'rbi alhdith watjahathm alfniah. In this regard, through descriptive-analytical method, it clarifies the effectiveness of this work as an educational book for Arabic literature students and researchers. Despite the achievements of this work on the basis of the special critical approach of Al-Ashmawi regarding the importance of personal experience and the chimerical analysis in literary criticism, as well as the discussion including four important areas of literature, this book has some deficiencies in the case of its structural and contextual components, the most important of which include the limited number of references, lack of referencing and lack of formal comprehensiveness, especially lack of having a list of references at the end of book; hence, it cannot be considered as a comprehensive reference among the main reference of Arabic language and literature curriculum.
Research
Arabic Language and Literature
Abolhasan Aminmoqaddaci; moosa bayat; abdo al- vahid navidi
Abstract
Today, university books are an important tool for educating students and transferring knowledge and ideas to them. Therefore, the preparation and compilation of a book that can play this important thing is very necessary. Hence, a critique of the academic book seeks to examine and analyze such books ...
Read More
Today, university books are an important tool for educating students and transferring knowledge and ideas to them. Therefore, the preparation and compilation of a book that can play this important thing is very necessary. Hence, a critique of the academic book seeks to examine and analyze such books on the basis of standard indicators and provide the basis for productivity for such an important pillar in higher education. The present article seeks to analyze the structural, linguistic, and content characteristics of the book, "The Language of Modern Arabic Poetry: Its Artistic Elements and Creative Energies", by Saeed Alvaraqi", and it presents the strengths and weaknesses of this book. It is an academic work in the field of critique of contemporary Arabic poetry. The most important results are: Exterior features such as cover layout, page design, and highlighting in writing, although the headline does not need to be highlighted. The language is scientific, specialized, and appropriate for the subject and level of its audience. The chapters of the book are in full agreement with the title, and in the order of chapters, there is a logical and scientific sequence. The book is a comprehensive and up-to-date book and has been able to communicate with its own books, and has used a large amount of old and contemporary references. Finally, this book can be used as a subtitle for undergraduate and postgraduate students to criticize and analyze poetic texts.
Research
Arabic Language and Literature
norudin parvin; jahangir amiri; yahya marof
Abstract
Surface layer style of vocabulary of the language, which organizes the stylistic analysis, is of paramount importance because words are the most important tools of literary texts which have a considerable role in ideology. In fact, the selection and arrangement of special words make the ...
Read More
Surface layer style of vocabulary of the language, which organizes the stylistic analysis, is of paramount importance because words are the most important tools of literary texts which have a considerable role in ideology. In fact, the selection and arrangement of special words make the unique and personal style of the writer. Nahj Al- balagha as one of the unique masterpieces of humanity after the Quran has played a key role in world literature. Undoubtedly, choice of words has a significant impact on immortality. Therefore, using a descriptive - analytic method, the present study aimed to compare the formal and colloquial features of 15 sermons with 15 social, political, and ethical letters from Nahj al-Balagha. It aims to discover the moral and stylistic differences in spoken and written words of Imam Ali (AS), expressed through sensory and intellectual terms, expressed or implied, marked and unmarked to discover situational context. Findings indicate that the choice of abstract, marked or implied words in sermon is more than that of letters. In contrast, the high frequency of concrete, explicit, and unmarked has made the letter styles more scientific. Choice of words in spoken and written styles of Nahj al-Balagha has been directly influenced by situational context words.
Research
Arabic Language and Literature
Mahmoodreza Tavakoli Mohammadi
Abstract
The present article reviews and criticizes the book “al-'Adb al-Mesri Fi zill al-hokm al-ottoman” written by Mohammad Seyyed Kiliani, a contemporary Egyptian writer (1998-1912). The method of work has been form and content critiques to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the book. According ...
Read More
The present article reviews and criticizes the book “al-'Adb al-Mesri Fi zill al-hokm al-ottoman” written by Mohammad Seyyed Kiliani, a contemporary Egyptian writer (1998-1912). The method of work has been form and content critiques to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the book. According to the results of this research, the present book unfortunately, both in appearance and in content, suffers from major weaknesses some of which are lack of attention to the rules of writing Arabic language, the inability to use proper signs of paging, failure to comply with book chapter pages, overlap of some chapters of the book, providing unilateral and directional judgments away from the spirit of scientific discussion, lack of referencing and observance of scholarship, the existence of explanations and the presentation of non-related materials to the title of the book, inadequate explanation of some parts of the book, especially in chapters five and six, lack of a list of references, weaknesses in analysis and concealment of the scientific character of the writer. According to the abovementioned critiques, the book does not deserve to be used as a source of study in the history of Ottoman literature, but it can be suggested as a source for studying and critique for graduate students.
Research
Arabic Language and Literature
Mahin Hajizadeh; Siyamak Asgharpour
Abstract
Literal or word by word translation of literary works especially translation of those literary men that state philosophic, religious thoughts in their works, has always created some difficulties and challenges. Some of these challenges that we can point out are some elements that are in the surface structure, ...
Read More
Literal or word by word translation of literary works especially translation of those literary men that state philosophic, religious thoughts in their works, has always created some difficulties and challenges. Some of these challenges that we can point out are some elements that are in the surface structure, finding synonyms, and all kinds of literal translation from those texts. Jibran Khalil Jibran’s "Albadae'e wa altaraef" focuses on various types of life, views, and social events and with his philosophical opinions, he speaks about his ideas. The researcher, using a qualitative method, tries to analyze Simin Panahi Fard’s translation of this book entitled "New and Wonder Thought" at the level of lexical and sentence equivalency, from the form and meaning points of view. The researcher has tried to give some solutions in order to generally improve the qualitative level of the translation and specially translation of this work. The result of the research shows that the translator has tried to have a loyal literal translation or word by words toward the structure of the origin text, which has caused the structure of many Arabic sentences to move to Persian language; as a result, heterogeneity in the structure of these sentences and improper constructions make ambiguities in the text. Sometimes this translated book has faced some challenges to find suitable equivalents for the technical vocabulary and expressions.
Research
Arabic Language and Literature
Somayeh Hasanalian
Abstract
Due to the importance of scientific and literary criticism in identifying the strengths and weaknesses of various writings, it may be argued that the value of the critique of works is not valuable than the works themselves. Therefore, the current study intends to study the book entitled Stylistic ...
Read More
Due to the importance of scientific and literary criticism in identifying the strengths and weaknesses of various writings, it may be argued that the value of the critique of works is not valuable than the works themselves. Therefore, the current study intends to study the book entitled Stylistic structures a Study in Modern Arabic Poetry by Kamaj Abde Al-rrazzagh Al- ojaili. The form and content critiques of the book are considered. There are some typographical and typographical errors, generality of the subject, not referring to the background of the research , providing some content regardless of statistics, disappointing titles. Besides, the statistical community is very large that prevents accurate and in-depth analysis. Though we should not be distracted that the book has a lot of merits including reviewing and analyzing the views of others, innovation to adapt a new perspective on poetic texts, providing precise definition of the terms of the research, avoiding the expression of external and non-related topics, avoiding repeating the material, and providing precise references, relevant documentation, and resources.
Research
Arabic Language and Literature
Farhad Rajabi
Abstract
Literary criticism has been considered as one of the branches of research in the field of literature for a long time and has always been used as a method for analyzing, evaluating, and correcting literary texts. This branch of human knowledge nowadays, in view of the breadth and variety of literary productions, ...
Read More
Literary criticism has been considered as one of the branches of research in the field of literature for a long time and has always been used as a method for analyzing, evaluating, and correcting literary texts. This branch of human knowledge nowadays, in view of the breadth and variety of literary productions, requires the use of most scientific findings to strengthen its ability and ability to perform its tasks. It is also noteworthy that these works are also subject to critique and evaluation from time to time. In this regard, the present paper seeks to examine a critique of Arabic language and literature with an analytical-critical reading. The book “Research in Contemporary Arabic Literature” by Mohammad Mostafa Hadara, is a book that has been considered in this article, while presenting a brief account of the contents of the book, we should mention the positions of strength and weakness in two categories of form and content. The results show that the book contains useful information and is well versed in considering two parts of poetry and prose, but it seems that due to the lack of a scientific method in criticizing and not following some principles accepted in this area, it is suggested that some some fundamental changes be made
Research
Arabic Language and Literature
Abdollah Rasoulnejad; Hesamaddin Khakpoor
Abstract
The pathology of various academic disciplines is one of the missions of the educated in any educational system, and its importance is not realized except with a critical attitude and based on the critical look of that knowledge system. So, Arabic language and literature is no exception in this regard ...
Read More
The pathology of various academic disciplines is one of the missions of the educated in any educational system, and its importance is not realized except with a critical attitude and based on the critical look of that knowledge system. So, Arabic language and literature is no exception in this regard and the damage and weaknesses in its educational structure have caused uncertainty and quantitative and qualitative loss of students and to some extent, professors. The centerpiece of this essay is the concept of the "world Life" of Edmund Husserl, the founder of the phenomenological method. The world-life is the real life of human subjects, which should be based on human knowledge, and the basis of “knowledge-Life”. The following attempt tries to analyze and describe the problem of the loss of students in Arabic language and literature due to the distinction in the life-world horizons, based on the theoretical achievements of Edward Husserl’s phenomenological philosopher. That is, awareness and understanding of the educators in this field with the knowledge and understanding of the contemporary world environment have the fundamentals of distinction and differentiation. It is also due to the fact that with that kind of knowledge, the possibility of perceiving, interacting, and identifying with the real world of life is lost to them. From the results of this paper, there is the explanation of basic distinction between the life-world governing the discipline of Arabic language and literature and the life-world in which we live. In this way the harm that is rooted in the foundation of consciousness is understood, and actions are taken to resolve and reform it. Among these reforms, there is a horizontal opening in the direction to intercourse of the education of academic achievement in this field, which modern studies emphasize.
Research
Arabic Language and Literature
Yado-allah Rafiei; Ra'na Abdi
Abstract
The many differences between Kufi’s and Basri’s schools in Arabic grammar (al-Nah’w) , just like the situation of Islamic Jurisprudence (Fiq’h) and Islamic Theology (Kalam), ended up in establishing a knowledge of grammar, namely “Principles of Grammar” (al-Usoul fi ...
Read More
The many differences between Kufi’s and Basri’s schools in Arabic grammar (al-Nah’w) , just like the situation of Islamic Jurisprudence (Fiq’h) and Islamic Theology (Kalam), ended up in establishing a knowledge of grammar, namely “Principles of Grammar” (al-Usoul fi al-Nah’w) or “Principles of Grammar” (al-Nah’w) by which researchers are able to recognize grammatical rules. Ibn Sarraj is one of these scholars whose book entitled, “al-Usoul Fi al-Nah’w” (The Principles of Grammar), deals with this knowledge. Details and descriptions of parts and chapters of the book can prove his deep knowledge in the knowledge of grammar, and to the extent, in principles of grammar. Deploying an analytic-descriptive method, this paper studies the Ibn Sarraj’s method in his book. Main results of this study show that this book benefits from coherent and consistent order and division in which Ibn Sarraj advanced new doctrines as well as integrating both Kufi’s and Basri’s schools in a suitable way. In employing existent doctrines, he avoided following the footprints of predecessors but rather he tried to advance their opinions by adding new doctrines. The importance of this study is that there is not any study in Persian about Ibn Sarraj or his book. It is also significant in that knowledge of grammar in recent years needs new studies by researchers of the field needs.
Research
Arabic Language and Literature
Ali Asghar Ravanshad
Abstract
The book “Asr al- doval va al- emarat: al-Andalus” by Shoghi Zaif, a well-known author of Arabic literature, is about the history of Arabic literature in Andalusia. In this work, the author has tried to study Arabic literature in Andalusia after expressing preliminary courses on politics, ...
Read More
The book “Asr al- doval va al- emarat: al-Andalus” by Shoghi Zaif, a well-known author of Arabic literature, is about the history of Arabic literature in Andalusia. In this work, the author has tried to study Arabic literature in Andalusia after expressing preliminary courses on politics, society, and culture, and working on the historical, poetic and prose evidence and analysis of these evidences. This article, using descriptive-analytical method, has examined various aspects of the form and content of this work. The results of the research revealed the eloquence of the author, and his ability and artistic knowledge of the history of Andalusian literature. The author in the road of writing the history of literature, having a plan, pays attention to the political, social, and cultural factors influencing the appearance and development of Andalusian literature in the historical contexts. On the other hand, there are some inadequacies of formal comprehensiveness, editorial defects, and content in the book, the elimination of which can add value to its educational and research benefits.
Research
Arabic Language and Literature
Sajed Zare; Amin Nazari Tarizi; Mohammad Khaqani Isfahani
Abstract
The present study aimed at analyzing the structure of six scholarly-written articles, published in Journal of Iranian Association of Arabic Language and Literature and checking their correspondence to the established standards of academic-research journals. With respect to observing the so called standards, ...
Read More
The present study aimed at analyzing the structure of six scholarly-written articles, published in Journal of Iranian Association of Arabic Language and Literature and checking their correspondence to the established standards of academic-research journals. With respect to observing the so called standards, scholars have come to invaluable findings and experience, resulting in defining some principles and regulations for academic writing. Following such principles demands skillfulness, experience, expertise, and professionalization. The results of the analysis of the mentioned articles revealed some weaknesses like having too general titles, poorly written abstracts and introductions, sketchy representation of theoretical frameworks, lack of problem-centered approach, lack of presenting recent findings in the results, and coming to very general and cliché conclusions. On the other hand, some of the investigated papers attempted to observe the standards. They had some strong points including innovation, problem-centered approach, and citing reliable and recent references.
Research
Arabic Language and Literature
Nasrollah Shameli; Marzieh kadkhodaie
Abstract
The book “Al-Balaqah wa Al-Tahlil”, written by Antoine Masoud Al-Bostani, is one of the ten course books on rhetoric taught at the universities of Arab countries as well as those of Iran, which has recently been chosen for teaching at BA,MA levels, and even at some departments which ...
Read More
The book “Al-Balaqah wa Al-Tahlil”, written by Antoine Masoud Al-Bostani, is one of the ten course books on rhetoric taught at the universities of Arab countries as well as those of Iran, which has recently been chosen for teaching at BA,MA levels, and even at some departments which do not have special science of rhetoric. It is axiomatic that its strong and weak points like many other course books are inevitable. Our experience in teaching the book at both BA and MA levels has showed that we have most often resolved the students’ problems towards the book. Unlike “Al-Balaqah Al-Wazehah” and “Jawaher Al-Balaqah” by Ahmad Hashemi, the book has not been successful among other rhetoric books. However, applying a few changes to the content and the exercises of each section makes it different. The present article has been written in line with such an issue so that it will become useful for both readers and the academic books authors.
Research
Arabic Language and Literature
Jamal talebi Gharehgheshlaghi; Askar babazadehaghdam
Abstract
Evaluation and critique of textbooks to make changes in the field of education are inevitable in order to help the owners of scientific works to improve their shortcomings. Accordingly, the present paper criticizes the book "Types of Arabic Poetry and Its Evolution", by Khalil Parvini and Seyyed Fazlullah ...
Read More
Evaluation and critique of textbooks to make changes in the field of education are inevitable in order to help the owners of scientific works to improve their shortcomings. Accordingly, the present paper criticizes the book "Types of Arabic Poetry and Its Evolution", by Khalil Parvini and Seyyed Fazlullah Ghaderi, from two aspects of form and content to explain its strengths and weaknesses. One of the most important benefits of this work is the novelty of the design and the manner of operation and the presentation of research topics. The most important disadvantages, however, include abundance of writing, non-compliance with the style of the Persian literary academy, and lack of font and layout of the book which should be reviewed and revised. In terms of content, there are also many problems, including lack of coherence in some topics from the perspective of the research method, lack of observance of the logical sequence in the content, lack of consideration of the evolution of issues in some historical periods, including the Andalusian period, and lack of primary references.
Research
Arabic Language and Literature
Zineh Erfatpour
Abstract
The Psychological Method in New Critique: A Case Study of Egyptian Criminals written by Dr. Mosa Abdul Rahman Bassam Qattoos is an attempt to study the emergence of one of the most modern literary criticisms in Egypt, a psychological way of thinking that is of critical importance both to the theoretical ...
Read More
The Psychological Method in New Critique: A Case Study of Egyptian Criminals written by Dr. Mosa Abdul Rahman Bassam Qattoos is an attempt to study the emergence of one of the most modern literary criticisms in Egypt, a psychological way of thinking that is of critical importance both to the theoretical and to the comparative level, as a method of psychology. This book is one of the series of books selected for proper content and useful materials in the field of psychological critique for review and critique. In this short paper, we have examined the content of the article in a descriptive-analytical manner and highlighted its strengths and deficiencies in order to reconsider this critique. The results of this critique can be useful for those psychoanalytic researchers to do their best to improve the quality of critiques. it. In sum, we came to the conclusion that the book was somewhat successful in terms of expressing the theoretical content of psychological critique and providing the necessary generalizations about the types of Egyptian critics’ stances against psychological critique and the three-stage review and critique of three books on psychological critique, although it is not free of defects.
Research
Arabic Language and Literature
Behnam Farsi
Abstract
Critical analysis is an important way of evaluating the quality of textbooks. It explicates their merits and disadvantages; therefore, it paves the way for improving the design of educational materials. Naeim Amouri’s Literary Criticism attempts to introduce theories and approaches of literary ...
Read More
Critical analysis is an important way of evaluating the quality of textbooks. It explicates their merits and disadvantages; therefore, it paves the way for improving the design of educational materials. Naeim Amouri’s Literary Criticism attempts to introduce theories and approaches of literary criticism to the students of Arabic Literary Studies. Employing descriptive-analytical and statistical methods, this article aims to evaluate the content and structure of Naeim Amouri’s Literary Criticism. The findings convey that the author is more successful when it comes to the book’s structural organization. The accurate use of terminology, critical in-depth analysis of theories, and their practical applications could have improved the structural organization and content of this textbook.
Research
Arabic Language and Literature
Faramarz Mirzaei
Abstract
Abdul Malik Mortaz, Algerian scholar, is one of the few scholars, trying to organize the discourse of contemporary criticism Arabic and creating its structure based on the valuable heritage of ancient Arabic critique. Without narrative, it is impossible to understand a large part of Arabic prose today; ...
Read More
Abdul Malik Mortaz, Algerian scholar, is one of the few scholars, trying to organize the discourse of contemporary criticism Arabic and creating its structure based on the valuable heritage of ancient Arabic critique. Without narrative, it is impossible to understand a large part of Arabic prose today; therefore, it is important to achieve an educational book that has a systematic approach. The publication of the book “In the Theory of the Novel” in 1998, was a profound exploration of narrative techniques that showed a new and harmonious way in the theory and analysis of story discourse, with a critical view of Western narrative theory, for analyzing the underlying foundations of the story, and based on the ancient heritage of the Arabic story. The present paper aims to find out whether the author of this book been victorious in presenting a systematic exploration of the story and its localization. The quantitative and qualitative analyses of this book show that the discourse of the story was based on the ancient Arabic heritage and the modern narrative of the West, and has succeeded in making equivalent terms in the critique of the story, so that this book can be offered for the contemporary Arabic prose in PhD course of Arabic Language and Literature at universities of Iran.
Research
Arabic Language and Literature
Ebrahim Namdari
Abstract
The works written about Andalusia literature are of two types. The former has general information and includes the entrance of Umayyad’s into Andalusia to the extinction of Islamic state in this land that pays attention to the political, social, economic, and cultural situations as well as poetry ...
Read More
The works written about Andalusia literature are of two types. The former has general information and includes the entrance of Umayyad’s into Andalusia to the extinction of Islamic state in this land that pays attention to the political, social, economic, and cultural situations as well as poetry and prose and new techniques such as acrostic and Zajal. The second way is to look at the issue from a specialized point of view. For example, it pays close attention to the Andalusia poetry or prose in the certain period, so “Andalusian Poetry during Movahedin” by Fawzi Issa belongs to this category. The results of the present study revealed that the book has some positive points, including scientific and impartial criticism of other scholars’ opinions, and citing and documenting others to prove his claims. Yet, it is suffers from lack of precedent in recorded references, inaccuracy in some quotes, omehow promiscuity, no formatting on poetry and proper nouns, not having an adequate description of the difficult words and lack of logical sequence of topics in some sections.
